单词 | xantho- |
释义 | xantho-comb. form Occurring as the first element in various compounds and derivatives, chiefly terms of chemistry, mineralogy, and pathology; the more important of these are given in their alphabetical places. 1. Chemistry. In names of, or adjectives relating to, various compounds. a. Of a yellow colour. (a) xanthaematin n. Brit. /zanˈθiːmətɪn/ , /zanˈθɛmətɪn/ , U.S. /zænˈθimədən/ , /zænˈθɛmədən/ ΚΠ 1860 R. G. Mayne Expos. Lexicon Med. Sci. Xanthæmatin..Term by Brett and Bird for a yellow, bitter substance found by dissolving hematin in weak nitric acid. xanthaline n. Brit. /ˈzanθəlɪn/ , /ˈzanθəliːn/ , U.S. /ˈzænθələn/ , /ˈzænθəˌlin/ ΚΠ 1893 Pharmaceut. Jrnl. & Trans. 25 Mar. 793/2 Xanthaline—A New Opium Alkaloid (C37H36N2O9). xanthocobalt n. Brit. /ˌzanθə(ʊ)ˈkəʊbɔːlt/ , /ˌzanθə(ʊ)ˈkəʊbɒlt/ , U.S. /ˌzænθəˈkoʊˌbɔlt/ , /ˌzænθəˈkoʊˌbɑlt/ ΘΚΠ the world > matter > chemistry > elements and compounds > metals > specific elements > cobalt > [noun] > compounds xanthocobalt1856 cobaltammine1881 cobalt oxide1903 1856 W. Gibbs & F. A. Genth in Smithsonian Contrib. Knowl. (1857) 9 v. 48 The salts of Xanthocobalt. xanthocobaltic n. Brit. /ˌzanθə(ʊ)kəʊˈbɔːltɪk/ , /ˌzanθə(ʊ)kəʊˈbɒltɪk/ , U.S. /ˌzænθəˌkoʊˈbɔltɪk/ , /ˌzænθəˌkoʊˈbɑltɪk/ , /ˌzænθoʊˌkoʊˈbɔltɪk/ , /ˌzænθoʊˌkoʊˈbɑltɪk/ ΚΠ 1863 H. Watts Dict. Chem. I. 1054 Xantho-cobaltic Salts. xanthocreatine n. Brit. /ˌzanθə(ʊ)ˈkriːətiːn/ , /ˌzanθə(ʊ)ˈkriːətɪn/ , U.S. /ˌzænθəˈkriəˌtin/ , /ˌzænθəˈkriədən/ ΘΚΠ the world > matter > chemistry > organic chemistry > organic bases > [noun] creatine1835 cystine1843 ammeline1846 creatinine1847 thialdine1847 toluidine1850 pyrrole base1853 parapicoline1857 pinacoline1866 xanthinine1868 choline1869 xanthocreatinine1887 xanthocreatine1891 Schiff base1892 tar base1921 thiocholine1929 1891 Cent. Dict. Xanthocreatine. 1913 W. A. N. Dorland Illustr. Med. Dict. (ed. 7) 1062/2 Xanthocreatin, xanthocreatinin. xanthocreatinine n. Brit. /ˌzanθə(ʊ)krɪˈatᵻniːn/ , U.S. /ˌzænθoʊkriˈædəˌnin/ , /ˌzænθəkriˈædəˌnin/ ΘΚΠ the world > matter > chemistry > organic chemistry > organic bases > [noun] creatine1835 cystine1843 ammeline1846 creatinine1847 thialdine1847 toluidine1850 pyrrole base1853 parapicoline1857 pinacoline1866 xanthinine1868 choline1869 xanthocreatinine1887 xanthocreatine1891 Schiff base1892 tar base1921 thiocholine1929 1887 A. M. Brown Treat. Animal Alkaloids ii. ii. 85 Xanthocreatinine C5H10N4O..closely resembles kreatinine... It shows in pellets of sulphur yellow, of slightly cadaveric odour. xanthoglobulin n. Brit. /ˌzanθə(ʊ)ˈɡlɒbjᵿlɪn/ , U.S. /ˌzænθəˈɡlɑbjələn/ ΘΚΠ the world > life > biology > substance > proteins > [noun] casein1838 albuminoid1855 xanthoglobulin1868 myochrome1872 xanthoprotein1883 histone1885 globulose1886 phaseolin1893 leucosin1894 nucleohistone1894 nucleon1895 mucoid1898 protone1898 mucinoid1902 myohaemoglobin1906 nucleoprotamine1911 cytozyme1914 leaf protein1917 cytochrome1925 mucoprotein1925 myoglobin1925 flavoprotein1934 oxymyoglobin1935 ferritin1937 lipovitellin1942 arthropodin1947 trypticase1947 erythropoietin1948 phosvitin1948 opsin1951 orosomucoid1955 metallothionein1960 plastocyanin1961 aequorin1962 ferredoxin1962 LDL1962 fetoprotein1964 thioredoxin1964 actinin1965 adrenodoxin1965 lactoferrin1965 myoglobulin1965 rubredoxin1965 uniporter1967 miraculin1968 nexin1970 bacteriorhodopsin1971 molybdoprotein1971 monellin1972 cytokine1974 ankyrin1975 clathrin1975 electromorph1975 tau1975 uniport1975 microtrabecula1976 porin1976 osteocalcin1977 calmodulin1978 monokine1978 PCNA1978 vimentin1978 interleukin1979 laminin1979 titin1979 villin1979 cyclin1981 triskele1981 acumentin1982 perforin1983 statin1985 activin1986 addressin1988 synuclein1988 chemokine1992 1868 H. Watts Dict. Chem. V. 1052 Xanthoglobulin. This name was given by Scherer..to a substance which he obtained in yellow globules. 1880 J. W. Legg On Bile 515 Hypoxanthin and xanthoglobulin were also found. xanthophane n. Brit. /ˈzanθə(ʊ)feɪn/ , U.S. /ˈzænθəˌfeɪn/ [ < Greek ϕαν-, stem of ϕαίνειν to cause to appear] ΚΠ 1890 J. S. Billings National Med. Dict. II Xanthophane, an orange-yellow pigment obtained from the retina. xanthopicrin n. Brit. /ˌzanθə(ʊ)ˈpɪkrɪn/ , U.S. /ˌzænθəˈpɪkrən/ [Greek πικρός bitter] ΚΠ 1852 W. Gregory Handbk. Org. Chem. (ed. 3) 301 Zanthopicrine is a bitter crystalline substance from the bark of Zanthoxylum Clava Herculis. 1868 H. Watts Dict. Chem. V. 1053 Xanthopicrin, Xanthopicrite. These names were given..to a yellow colouring-matter from the bark of Xanthoxylon caribœum, since shown..to be identical with berberine. xanthopicrite n. Brit. /ˌzanθə(ʊ)ˈpɪkrʌɪt/ , U.S. /ˌzænθəˈpɪˌkraɪt/ ΚΠ 1838 T. Thomson Chem. Org. Bodies 710 Xanthopicrite..was detected by Chevalier and Pelletan [1826], in the bark of the Xanthoxylon carybœum... It has..a very bitter and astringent taste. xanthoprotein n. Brit. /ˌzanθə(ʊ)ˈprəʊtiːn/ , U.S. /ˌzænθəˈproʊˌtin/ ΘΚΠ the world > life > biology > substance > proteins > [noun] casein1838 albuminoid1855 xanthoglobulin1868 myochrome1872 xanthoprotein1883 histone1885 globulose1886 phaseolin1893 leucosin1894 nucleohistone1894 nucleon1895 mucoid1898 protone1898 mucinoid1902 myohaemoglobin1906 nucleoprotamine1911 cytozyme1914 leaf protein1917 cytochrome1925 mucoprotein1925 myoglobin1925 flavoprotein1934 oxymyoglobin1935 ferritin1937 lipovitellin1942 arthropodin1947 trypticase1947 erythropoietin1948 phosvitin1948 opsin1951 orosomucoid1955 metallothionein1960 plastocyanin1961 aequorin1962 ferredoxin1962 LDL1962 fetoprotein1964 thioredoxin1964 actinin1965 adrenodoxin1965 lactoferrin1965 myoglobulin1965 rubredoxin1965 uniporter1967 miraculin1968 nexin1970 bacteriorhodopsin1971 molybdoprotein1971 monellin1972 cytokine1974 ankyrin1975 clathrin1975 electromorph1975 tau1975 uniport1975 microtrabecula1976 porin1976 osteocalcin1977 calmodulin1978 monokine1978 PCNA1978 vimentin1978 interleukin1979 laminin1979 titin1979 villin1979 cyclin1981 triskele1981 acumentin1982 perforin1983 statin1985 activin1986 addressin1988 synuclein1988 chemokine1992 1883 Ogilvie's Imperial Dict. (Annandale) Xanthoprotein, a yellow acid substance formed by the action of nitric acid upon fibrine. xanthopsin n. Brit. /zanˈθɒpsɪn/ , U.S. /zænˈθɑpsən/ [Greek ὄψις sight] ΚΠ 1890 J. S. Billings National Med. Dict. II Xanthopsin, yellow pigment of the retina. 1901 W. A. N. Dorland Illustr. Med. Dict. (ed. 2) 764/1 Xanthopsin, visual purple partially discolored or bleached by light; visual yellow. xanthopuccine n. Brit. /ˌzanθə(ʊ)ˈpʌkiːn/ , U.S. /ˌzænθəˈpəˌkin/ [puccoon n.] ΚΠ 1890 J. S. Billings National Med. Dict. II Xanthopuccine, name proposed by Lerchen (1878) for an alkaloid found in hydrastis. xanthopurpurin n. Brit. /ˌzanθə(ʊ)ˈpəːpjᵿrɪn/ , U.S. /ˌzænθəˈpərp(j)ərən/ ΚΠ 1877 H. Watts Fownes's Man. Chem. II. 588 Purpuroxanthin (or Xanthopurpurin)..is formed from purpurin by reduction with stannous chloride in alkaline solution. xanthorhamnin n. Brit. /ˌzanθə(ʊ)ˈramnɪn/ , U.S. /ˌzænθəˈræmnən/ ΚΠ 1843 R. J. Kane in London, Edinb., & Dublin Philos. Mag. 23 3 The dark-coloured [Persian] berries..give out to boiling water an olive-yellow material, to which..I give the name of xanthorhamnine. (b) xanthophenic adj. Brit. /ˌzanθə(ʊ)ˈfiːnɪk/ , /ˌzanθə(ʊ)ˈfɛnɪk/ , U.S. /ˌzænθəˈfɛnɪk/ , /ˌzænθəˈfinɪk/ ΚΠ 1868 H. Watts Dict. Chem. V. 1052 Xanthophenic acid. A yellow colouring-matter,..produced..by heating phenol or cresol with arsenic acid... The xanthophenates dye silk and wool red, of various shades. xanthoproteic adj. Brit. /ˌzanθə(ʊ)prəʊˈtiːɪk/ , U.S. /ˌzænθoʊˌproʊˈtiɪk/ , /ˌzænθəˌproʊˈtiɪk/ ΚΠ 1843 T. Thomson Chem. Animal Bodies 178 Xantho-proteic Acid. This name [Xantho-proteinsäure] has been given by Mulder [1838] to a yellow coloured acid, obtained first by Fourcroy, by treating fibrin, or albumen with nitric acid. 1847–9 Todd's Cycl. Anat. & Physiol. IV. i. 164/1 The alkaline xanthoproteates. 1873 C. H. Ralfe Outl. Physiol. Chem. 130 Heated with strong nitric acid pepsin does not give the xantho-proteic reaction; hence it would appear that pepsin is not an albuminoid substance. 1904 Brit. Med. Jrnl. 10 Sept. 601 The normal gland extract gave a positive result with the xanthoproteic test. xanthotannic adj. Brit. /ˌzanθə(ʊ)ˈtanɪk/ , U.S. /ˌzænθəˈtænɪk/ ΚΠ 1862 H. Watts tr. L. Gmelin Hand-bk. Chem. XV. 533 Xanthotannic Acid. Obtained from elm-leaves reddened in the autumn. xanthydric adj. Brit. /zanˈθʌɪdrɪk/ , U.S. /zænˈθaɪdrɪk/ [Greek ὕδωρ water] ΚΠ 1868 H. Watts Dict. Chem. V. 1054 Xanthydric acid. Syn. with Persulphocyanic Acid [obtained as ‘a pale yellow crystalline powder’, IV. 378]. b. Derived from or related to xanthic acid (xanthic adj. 1b). xanthamide adj. Brit. /ˈzanθəmʌɪd/ , U.S. /ˈzænθəˌmaɪd/ ΚΠ 1855 H. Watts tr. L. Gmelin Hand-bk. Chem. IX. 276 Xanthamide. C6NH7S2O2. 1855 H. Watts tr. L. Gmelin Hand-bk. Chem. IX. 277 Xanthamide exposed in a distillatory apparatus to a gradually increasing temperature is resolved into mercaptan and cyanuric acid. xantharin adj. Brit. /ˈzanθərɪn/ , U.S. /ˈzænθərən/ ΚΠ 1868 H. Watts Dict. Chem. V. 1049 Xantharin, or Xanthil, an oily fetid compound, C4H10O3, supposed by Couerbe..to be produced by the dry distillation of xanthic ether. xantheic adj. Brit. /zanˈθiːɪk/ , U.S. /zænˈθiɪk/ ΚΠ 1843 Penny Cycl. XXVII. 614/2 When xanthate of potash is subjected to distillation a limpid yellow coloured fluid comes over, which Zeise has called xantheic oil. xanthelene adj. Brit. /ˈzanθəliːn/ , U.S. /ˈzænθəˌlin/ ΚΠ 1868 H. Watts Dict. Chem. V. 1049 Xanthelene. Zeise gave this name to an oil..produced..by precipitating potassic ethylsulphocarbonate with a cupric salt. xanthomethylic adj. Brit. /ˌzanθə(ʊ)mᵻˈθɪlɪk/ , U.S. /ˌzænθoʊməˈθɪlɪk/ , /ˌzænθəməˈθɪlɪk/ ΚΠ 1868 H. Watts Dict. Chem. V. 501 Methyl-disulphocarbonic Acid (CH3)HCOS2. Xanthomethylic Acid... Methylic Disulphocarbonate, C3H6OS2... Xanthomethylic Ether. c. Derived from or related to xanthydric acid. xanthane n. Brit. /ˈzanθeɪn/ , U.S. /ˈzænˌθeɪn/ (also xanthˈan) (see quots.)ΚΠ 1868 H. Watts Dict. Chem. V. 1049 Xanthan, Berzelius's name for the group Cy2S3, regarded as the radicle of persulphocyanic or xanthydric acid. 2. In various compounds. xantharsenite n. Brit. /zanˈθɑːs(ə)nʌɪt/ , U.S. /zænˈθɑrs(ə)ˌnaɪt/ Mineralogy a mineral allied to chondrarsenite, occurring in sulphur-yellow masses.ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > minerals > types of mineral > oxides and hydroxides > antimonites, arsenites, etc. > [noun] > arsenites patrinite1861 rhombarsenite1887 xantharsenite1892 rathite1897 smithite1905 trechmannite1909 sinnerite1964 aktashite1970 1892 E. S. Dana J. D. Dana's Syst. Mineral. (ed. 6) 796 Xantharsenite... Occurs with hausmannite,..in crystalline limestone. xanthocarpous adj. Brit. /ˌzanθə(ʊ)ˈkɑːpəs/ , U.S. /ˌzænθəˈkɑrpəs/ [Greek καρπός fruit] Botany having yellow fruit.ΘΚΠ the world > plants > part of plant > reproductive part(s) > fruit or reproductive product > plant that bears fruit > [adjective] > bearing fruit or fruitful > of specific colour saffron-fruited1558 black-berried1676 xanthocarpous1862 1862 R. G. Mayne Med. Vocab. (ed. 2) 436/1 Xanthocarpous. xanthochromatic adj. Brit. /ˌzanθə(ʊ)krə(ʊ)ˈmatɪk/ , U.S. /ˌzænθəkrəˈmædɪk/ , /ˌzænθoʊkrəˈmædɪk/ , /ˌzænθəˌkroʊˈmædɪk/ ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of internal organs > disorders of nervous system > [adjective] > disorders of spinal cord myelitic1857 myelopathic1891 syringomyelic1899 xanthochromatic1922 xanthochromic1952 1922 Arch. Neurol. & Psychiatry (Chicago) 8 24 Elsberg and Rochfort in a study of ninety-two cases of chronic diseases of the spinal cord found xanthochromatic cerebrospinal fluid in fourteen instances. 1969 G. M. Edington & H. M. Gilles Pathol. in Tropics ii. 79 [In congenital toxoplasmosis] the protein in the cerebrospinal fluid is increased and may be xanthochromatic. xanthochromia n. Brit. /ˌzanθə(ʊ)ˈkrəʊmɪə/ , U.S. /ˌzænθəˈkroʊmiə/ [Greek χρῶμα colour] Medicine (a) (see quot. 1894); = xanthochroia n. at Xanthochroi n. Derivatives; (b) a yellowish discoloration of the cerebrospinal fluid as a result of haemorrhage in the spinal cord or brain.ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of visible parts > skin disorders > [noun] > disordered pigmentation melasma1563 orange skin1822 melanopathia1847 xanthosis1853 xanthelasma1867 xanthochroia1867 xanthoderma1867 xanthopathia1867 xanthoma1869 argyria1874 chloasma1877 leucoderma1884 xeroderma pigmentosum1884 hyperchromatosis1886 melanodermia1886 leucodermia1888 hyperchromasia1889 hyperpigmentation1890 hypochromia1890 xanthochromia1894 xanthodermia1900 melanization1927 the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of internal organs > disorders of nervous system > [noun] > disorders of spinal cord rachialgitis1824 myelitis1835 medullitis1848 pachymeningitis1857 spinitis1859 transverse myelitis1879 syringomyelia1881 syringomyelus1881 meningomyelocele1885 meningomyelitis1886 poliomyelopathy1890 syringomyelitis1890 myelopathy1891 xanthochromia1894 spinal block1928 1894 G. M. Gould Illustr. Dict. Med. 1622/2 Xanthochromia, a persistent condition of yellow skin, resembling but not identical with jaundice. 1905 G. M. Gould Dict. New Med. Terms 568/1 Xanthochromia, Tuffier and Miliau's [read Milian's] name (1902) for the yellow hemorrhagic discoloration of the cephalorachidian fluid, diagnostic of hemorrhage of the neuraxis. 1912 Lancet 7 Sept. 685/2 On the value of a quantitative albumin estimation of the cerebro-spinal fluid (with special reference to the syndrome of massive coagulation and xanthochromia). 1977 Lancet 24 Dec. 1352/1 There were no cells in the C.S.F. and no xanthochromia. xanthochromic adj. Brit. /ˌzanθə(ʊ)ˈkrəʊmɪk/ , U.S. /ˌzænθəˈkroʊmɪk/ ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of internal organs > disorders of nervous system > [adjective] > disorders of spinal cord myelitic1857 myelopathic1891 syringomyelic1899 xanthochromatic1922 xanthochromic1952 1952 F. A. Elliott et al. Clin. Neurol. ix. 184 Xanthochromic fluid bleaches on exposure to daylight. 1979 Jrnl. Neurosurg. 51 352/1 The presence of subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is diagnostically confirmed by the detection of bloody and/or xanthochromic cerebrospinal fluid. xanthocomic adj. Brit. /ˌzanθə(ʊ)ˈkɒmɪk/ , U.S. /ˌzænθəˈkɑmɪk/ [Greek κόμη hair] yellow-haired.Apparently an isolated use.ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > hair > colour of hair > [adjective] > golden > having yellow-haired1556 golden-headed1789 xanthocomic1861 1861 A. Wynter Our Social Bees 497 Europe is the chief seat of the xantho-comic or light~haired races. xanthocone n. Brit. /ˈzanθə(ʊ)kəʊn/ , U.S. /ˈzænθəˌkoʊn/ (also ˈxanthocon) [ < German xanthokon (Breithaupt, 1840), < Greek κόνις dust] Mineralogy an arseniosulphide of silver, of a dull red or brown colour, yellow when pulverized.ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > minerals > types of mineral > sulphides and related minerals > sulpho-salts > [noun] > silver arsenic sulphide ruby silver1786 xanthocone1846 xanthoconite1868 pearceite1896 1846 J. E. Worcester Universal Dict. Eng. Lang. Xanthocon. 1868 H. Watts Dict. Chem. V. 1052 Xanthocone... A silver-ore from the Himmelfü rst mine, near Freiberg in Saxony. xanthoconite n. Brit. /zanˈθɒkənʌɪt/ , U.S. /zænˈθɑkəˌnaɪt/ Mineralogy = xanthocone n.ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > minerals > types of mineral > sulphides and related minerals > sulpho-salts > [noun] > silver arsenic sulphide ruby silver1786 xanthocone1846 xanthoconite1868 pearceite1896 1868 J. D. Dana Syst. Mineral. (ed. 5) 108 Xanthoconite... Color dull-red to clove-brown; crystals orange-yellow on the edges by transmitted light. xanthocyanopsy n. Brit. /ˌzanθə(ʊ)ˈsʌɪənɒpsi/ , U.S. /ˌzænθəˈsaɪəˌnɑpsi/ = xanthocyanopy n.ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of eye > disordered vision > [noun] > colour blindness Daltonism1841 xanthopsia1842 colour blindness1844 chromatopsia1848 achromatopsia1849 chromatometablepsy1849 chromatopseudopsy1849 acritochromacy1855 dichromatism1859 blue-blindness1868 green-blindness1868 red-blindness1868 chromatopsy1879 red vision1880 dyschromatopsia1890 xanthocyanopy1890 xanthocyanopsy1891 dichromacy1892 monochromatism1893 violet-blindness1894 monochromacy1900 deuteranopia1901 protanopia1902 tritanopia1915 deuteranomaly1932 protanomaly1932 tritanomaly1943 1891 Cent. Dict. Xanthocyanopsy. xanthocyanopy n. Brit. /ˌzanθə(ʊ)sʌɪˈanəpi/ , U.S. /ˌzænθoʊˌsaɪˈænəpi/ , /ˌzænθəˌsaɪˈænəpi/ (also xantho'kyanopy) [Greek κύανος blue + ὄψις, ὠπή sight] Pathology a form of colour-blindness in which yellow and blue are the only colours discerned.ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of eye > disordered vision > [noun] > colour blindness Daltonism1841 xanthopsia1842 colour blindness1844 chromatopsia1848 achromatopsia1849 chromatometablepsy1849 chromatopseudopsy1849 acritochromacy1855 dichromatism1859 blue-blindness1868 green-blindness1868 red-blindness1868 chromatopsy1879 red vision1880 dyschromatopsia1890 xanthocyanopy1890 xanthocyanopsy1891 dichromacy1892 monochromatism1893 violet-blindness1894 monochromacy1900 deuteranopia1901 protanopia1902 tritanopia1915 deuteranomaly1932 protanomaly1932 tritanomaly1943 1890 J. S. Billings National Med. Dict. II Xanthokyanopy. xanthoderm n. Brit. /ˈzanθə(ʊ)dəːm/ , U.S. /ˈzænθəˌdərm/ (also ˈXanthoderm) [Greek δέρμα skin] a person of Eastern Asian descent.ΘΚΠ the world > people > ethnicities > division of mankind by physical characteristics > Mongol > [noun] Mogul1598 Mongol1613 Mogulian1672 yellow1775 Mongolian1823 yellowskin1847 Mongoloid1868 xanthoderm1924 1924 A. C. Haddon Races of Man (ed. 2) 13 Among the xanthoderms and melanoderms the irides are almost uniformly dark brown in colour. 1935 Jrnl. Royal Anthropol. Inst. 65 123 The three main divisions of mankind—Leukoderms (Caucasians), Xanthoderms (Mongolians) and Melanoderms (Western and Eastern Negroes)—did not prove to have a blood-group factor of their own. 1935 J. S. Huxley & A. C. Haddon We Europeans iv. 115 A broad and convenient classification of skin-colour is as follows: (1) Leucoderms, or white-skinned (Caucasian) peoples; (2) Xanthoderms, or yellow-skinned peoples; (3) Melanoderms, or black-skinned peoples. 1977 Scripta Medica L. 35 By and large, Melanoderms and Xanthoderms have either black or brown hair and there is not enough variation to be of practical interest. xanthoderma n. Brit. /ˌzanθə(ʊ)ˈdəːmə/ , U.S. /ˌzænθəˈdərmə/ [modern Latin, < Greek δέρμα skin] Pathology yellowness of the skin.ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of visible parts > skin disorders > [noun] > disordered pigmentation melasma1563 orange skin1822 melanopathia1847 xanthosis1853 xanthelasma1867 xanthochroia1867 xanthoderma1867 xanthopathia1867 xanthoma1869 argyria1874 chloasma1877 leucoderma1884 xeroderma pigmentosum1884 hyperchromatosis1886 melanodermia1886 leucodermia1888 hyperchromasia1889 hyperpigmentation1890 hypochromia1890 xanthochromia1894 xanthodermia1900 melanization1927 1867 E. Wilson Dis. Skin (ed. 6) 695 Xanthoderma represents the yellow complexion of certain of the races of mankind. xanthodermia n. Brit. /ˌzanθə(ʊ)ˈdəːmɪə/ , U.S. /ˌzænθəˈdərmiə/ Pathology = xanthoderma n.ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of visible parts > skin disorders > [noun] > disordered pigmentation melasma1563 orange skin1822 melanopathia1847 xanthosis1853 xanthelasma1867 xanthochroia1867 xanthoderma1867 xanthopathia1867 xanthoma1869 argyria1874 chloasma1877 leucoderma1884 xeroderma pigmentosum1884 hyperchromatosis1886 melanodermia1886 leucodermia1888 hyperchromasia1889 hyperpigmentation1890 hypochromia1890 xanthochromia1894 xanthodermia1900 melanization1927 1900 Lancet 11 Aug. 414/1 The mucous membranes were not coloured and the urine..never showed a trace of bile pigment. This was in favour of the diagnosis of xanthodermia. xanthodont n. Brit. /ˈzanθə(ʊ)dɒnt/ , U.S. /ˈzænθəˌdɑnt/ ZoologyΘΚΠ the world > animals > animal body > general parts > head and neck > [adjective] > having teeth > having yellow teeth xanthodontous1862 xanthodont1891 the world > animals > mammals > group Unguiculata or clawed mammal > order Rodentia or rodent > [adjective] > of or relating to rodents > having particular type of teeth scalpriform1828 xanthodontous1862 xanthodont1891 1891 Cent. Dict. Xanthodont. xanthodontous adj. Brit. /ˌzanθə(ʊ)ˈdɒntəs/ , U.S. /ˌzænθəˈdɑn(t)əs/ [ < Greek ὀδούς, ὀδοντ- tooth] Zoology having yellow teeth, as certain rodents.ΘΚΠ the world > animals > animal body > general parts > head and neck > [adjective] > having teeth > having yellow teeth xanthodontous1862 xanthodont1891 the world > animals > mammals > group Unguiculata or clawed mammal > order Rodentia or rodent > [adjective] > of or relating to rodents > having particular type of teeth scalpriform1828 xanthodontous1862 xanthodont1891 1862 R. G. Mayne Med. Vocab. (ed. 2) 436 Xanthodontous. xanthometer n. Brit. /zanˈθɒmᵻtə/ , U.S. /zænˈθɑmədər/ [-meter comb. form2] an instrument for determining the colour of sea or lake water by comparison with a scale of different-coloured solutions.ΘΚΠ the world > matter > colour > science of colour > [noun] > instruments for determining colour xanthometer1902 1902 Westm. Gaz. 8 Apr. 8/3 When the Queen visited the Antarctic exploration ship Discovery she was particularly interested in Forel's xanthometer. xanthopathia n. Brit. /ˌzanθə(ʊ)ˈpaθɪə/ , U.S. /ˌzænθəˈpæθiə/ (also xanˈthopathy) [Greek -πάθεια -pathy comb. form] Pathology = xanthoderma n.ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of visible parts > skin disorders > [noun] > disordered pigmentation melasma1563 orange skin1822 melanopathia1847 xanthosis1853 xanthelasma1867 xanthochroia1867 xanthoderma1867 xanthopathia1867 xanthoma1869 argyria1874 chloasma1877 leucoderma1884 xeroderma pigmentosum1884 hyperchromatosis1886 melanodermia1886 leucodermia1888 hyperchromasia1889 hyperpigmentation1890 hypochromia1890 xanthochromia1894 xanthodermia1900 melanization1927 1867 E. Wilson Dis. Skin (ed. 6) 695 Xanthopathia, or yellow discoloration of the skin, consists in the deposit in the cells of the rete mucosum of a yellow colouring principle. xanthophore n. Brit. /ˈzanθə(ʊ)fɔː/ , U.S. /ˈzænθəˌfɔr/ [ < German xanthophor (R. Keller 1895, in Arch. f. Physiol. LXI. 148): see -phore comb. form] Zoology a cell (as in an animal's skin) containing a yellow pigment.ΘΚΠ the world > life > biology > substance > pigment > [noun] > human or animal pigments > yellow > cell containing xanthophore1903 1903 Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts & Sci. 39 261 The two remaining types of pigment bodies in the chameleon, erythrophores and xanthophores, were not identified in Anolis. 1948 Special Publ. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 4 292 Fries..has obtained considerable evidence pointing to the conclusion that xanthophores are also doubly innervated and believes that neurohumors are involved. 1965 J. Lee & F. Knowles Animal Hormones x. 127 The hormone MSH [sc. melanocyte stimulating hormone] not only acts on the melanophores, but also on the xanthophores and erythrophores. 1974 D. Webster & M. Webster Compar. Vertebr. Morphol. viii. 173 Other chromatophores, called xanthophores, contain carotenoid and pteridine pigments and cause much of the yellow-to-red coloration. xanthopsia n. Brit. /zanˈθɒpsɪə/ , U.S. /zænˈθɑpsiə/ (also ˈxanthopsy) [ < Greek ὄψις appearance, sight] Pathology an affection of the eyes in which objects appear yellow; yellow vision.ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of eye > disordered vision > [noun] > colour blindness Daltonism1841 xanthopsia1842 colour blindness1844 chromatopsia1848 achromatopsia1849 chromatometablepsy1849 chromatopseudopsy1849 acritochromacy1855 dichromatism1859 blue-blindness1868 green-blindness1868 red-blindness1868 chromatopsy1879 red vision1880 dyschromatopsia1890 xanthocyanopy1890 xanthocyanopsy1891 dichromacy1892 monochromatism1893 violet-blindness1894 monochromacy1900 deuteranopia1901 protanopia1902 tritanopia1915 deuteranomaly1932 protanomaly1932 tritanomaly1943 1842 R. Dunglison Med. Lexicon (ed. 3) Xanthopsia, yellow vision,—as sometimes occurs in jaundice. 1875 H. C. Wood Treat. Therapeutics (1879) 603 A very curious symptom caused by zantonin..is xanthopsia. xanthopterin n. Brit. /zanˈθɒptərɪn/ , U.S. /zænˈθɑptərən/ [ < German xanthopterin (Wieland & Schopf 1925, in Berichte der Deutsch. Chem. Ges. 58 2179): see pterin n.] Chemistry a yellow pterin present in the wings of some butterflies and moths and in the urine of mammals and forming leucopterin upon oxidation; 2-amino-4,6-dihydroxypterine, H2NC6HN4(OH)2.ΘΚΠ the world > matter > chemistry > organic chemistry > substances from animals or humans > [noun] > miscellaneous other substances guanine1850 amyloid1872 chitosan1895 chondroitin1895 xanthopterin1926 lipocaic1936 xylulose1936 1926 Chem. Abstr. 20 902 The residue was rubbed up 4 times with H2O and centrifuged and the crude dirty yellow pasty pigment (xanthopterin (I)) extd. with 20‰ HCl and pptd. wth NaOAc. 1974 Encycl. Brit. Macropædia IV. 922/2 Xanthopterin occurs in human urine. xanthorthite n. Brit. /zanˈθɔːθʌɪt/ , U.S. /zænˈθɔrˌθaɪt/ Mineralogy a yellow variety of orthite.ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > minerals > types of mineral > silicates > epidote group > [noun] > allanite allanite1810 orthite1817 bucklandite1824 tautolite1828 xanthorthite1868 pumpellyite1925 1868 J. D. Dana Syst. Mineral. (ed. 5) 287 Xanthorthite, of Hermann,..is apparently an altered variety [of orthite]. xanthosiderite n. Brit. /ˌzanθə(ʊ)ˈsɪdərʌɪt/ , U.S. /ˌzænθəˈsɪdəˌraɪt/ [Greek σίδηρος iron] Mineralogy a native hydrated oxide of iron, occurring in needle-shaped or fibrous crystals, or as an ochre, of a yellow, brown, or reddish colour.ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > minerals > ore > [noun] > metal ore > iron ore > others bloodstone1504 haematite1543 yellow share1590 keel1596 brush-ore1678 mush1686 brush-iron-ore1695 iron glance1792 specular iron (also iron ore)1796 steel-ore1796 oligistc1803 black band1811 old man1811 spathose iron-ore1823 pitticite1826 siderose1834 blink klip1835 pharmacosiderite1835 sphaerosiderite1837 fossil ore1846 jacutinga1846 vignite1846 siderite1848 junckerite1865 needle iron-ore1867 xanthosiderite1868 specularite1892 pitch ore1896 minette1902 taconite1905 1868 H. Watts Dict. Chem. V. 1054 Xanthosiderite. A hydrated ferric oxide. xanthospermous adj. Brit. /ˌzanθə(ʊ)ˈspəːməs/ , U.S. /ˌzænθəˈspərməs/ [Greek σπέρμα seed] Botany having yellow seeds.ΘΚΠ the world > plants > part of plant > reproductive part(s) > seed > plant having seed > [adjective] > having particular size, colour, or texture tick-seeded1786 xanthospermous1862 trachyspermous1891 1862 R. G. Mayne Med. Vocab. (ed. 2) 436/2 Xanthospermous. Draft additions 1993 xanthogranulomatous adj. Brit. /ˌzanθə(ʊ)ɡranjᵿˈləʊmətəs/ , U.S. /ˌzænθoʊˌɡrænjəˈloʊmədəs/ , /ˌzænθəˌɡrænjəˈloʊmədəs/ designating or pertaining to any yellow granulomatous tissue; spec. designating a rare form of pyelonephritis.ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > diseases of tissue > [adjective] > granulomatous tissue xanthogranulomatous1955 1955 Amer. Jrnl. Clin. Path. 25 1049 Advanced pyelonephritis with xanthogranulomatous change and lithiasis was noted in 3 kidneys among 222 consecutive kidneys surgically removed for various inflammatory conditions. 1979 Jrnl. Compar. Pathol. 89 576 In none of the tissues examined in this study was there any reaction resembling xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1921; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < comb. form1838 |
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