† Zinganin.

Forms:

α. 1500s Cinganes.

β. 1600s Zinganaes, 1600s 1800s Zinganies, 1700s Zingans, 1800s Chinganes, 1800s Chinganies, 1800s Chinganis, 1800s Jinganis.

γ. 1800s Zingani.

Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Turkish, combined with an English element. Partly a borrowing from Italian. Etymons: French cinganes, cingane; Ottoman Turkish Çingāne, English -s; Italian zingani, zingano.

Etymology: In α. forms < Middle French singuanes (1553, plural), cinganes (c1579, plural (singular cingane); in French also as †zingane (1637)), probably < Italian (see below). In β. forms < Ottoman Turkish Çingāne, Çingān, Çingene, Çingen (1525; Turkish Çingene , (regional) Çingan (plural Çingeneler ); < medieval Greek: see below) + English -s, plural ending. In γ. forms < Italian †zingani, plural of †zingano (a1470), probably < medieval Greek τσίγγανος (see Tzigane n.). Compare zingana n.¹Compare early modern German Zingyner (1514; compare Zigeuner n.), Spanish cingano (1631 or earlier), both probably < Italian. In the β. forms with initial z- perhaps partly showing alteration after Italian zingano. With the form Zinganaes perhaps compare Italian zingana (see zingana n.¹).

Obsolete.

With plural agreement. The Romani people; Gypsies collectively. Cf. zingana n.¹, Zingaro n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > people > ethnicities > race > nomads > [noun] > Gipsies or Romanies > person

gyptian1533

Egyptian1538

Bohemian1574

Gypsy1574

tinker1575

Zingani1581

Zingaro1600

moonman1608

faw1756

vagabond1756

Zingara1756

gitano1761

gitanac1770

nomade1798

Roman1800

Romani1800

Tzigane1802

Zigeuner1802

Sinti1827

piker1838

pikey1838

Rom1841

Zincalo1841

Romanichal1843

nomadian1847

Romany chai1851

didicoi1853

Bedouin1863

gyppo1868

gyp1886

1581 G. Pettie tr. S. Guazzo Ciuile Conuersat. i. 26 Your meaning is..that as it is lawefull onely for the Cinganes [Fr. Cingeurs] to robbe, so these also haue priuiledge to play in open streete.

1684 T. Smith in Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 14 446 There are thousands of Gypsies or Zinganies in Turkey.

a1733 E. Chishull Trav. Turkey (1747) 93 A gang of Zingans, or gypses.

1838 W. Howitt Rural Life Eng. I. iii. i. 249 They were very sweet nondescripts, but not very perfect beggars; and far, far indeed from perfect Zinganies.

1879 London Med. Rec. 15 May 210/1 The number of pulse-beats per minute varies within wide limits: the Congo Negroes (62), and next to them the Hottentots and Rumanians (64), have the slowest pulses. Then follow the Zingani (69), Magyars and Caffres (70).

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2020; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	zingani
释义	† Zinganin. Forms: α. 1500s Cinganes. β. 1600s Zinganaes, 1600s 1800s Zinganies, 1700s Zingans, 1800s Chinganes, 1800s Chinganies, 1800s Chinganis, 1800s Jinganis. γ. 1800s Zingani. Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Turkish, combined with an English element. Partly a borrowing from Italian. Etymons: French cinganes, cingane; Ottoman Turkish Çingāne, English -s; Italian zingani, zingano. Etymology: In α. forms < Middle French singuanes (1553, plural), cinganes (c1579, plural (singular cingane); in French also as †zingane (1637)), probably < Italian (see below). In β. forms < Ottoman Turkish Çingāne, Çingān, Çingene, Çingen (1525; Turkish Çingene , (regional) Çingan (plural Çingeneler ); < medieval Greek: see below) + English -s, plural ending. In γ. forms < Italian †zingani, plural of †zingano (a1470), probably < medieval Greek τσίγγανος (see Tzigane n.). Compare zingana n.¹Compare early modern German Zingyner (1514; compare Zigeuner n.), Spanish cingano (1631 or earlier), both probably < Italian. In the β. forms with initial z- perhaps partly showing alteration after Italian zingano. With the form Zinganaes perhaps compare Italian zingana (see zingana n.¹). Obsolete. With plural agreement. The Romani people; Gypsies collectively. Cf. zingana n.¹, Zingaro n. ΘΚΠ the world > people > ethnicities > race > nomads > [noun] > Gipsies or Romanies > person gyptian1533 Egyptian1538 Bohemian1574 Gypsy1574 tinker1575 Zingani1581 Zingaro1600 moonman1608 faw1756 vagabond1756 Zingara1756 gitano1761 gitanac1770 nomade1798 Roman1800 Romani1800 Tzigane1802 Zigeuner1802 Sinti1827 piker1838 pikey1838 Rom1841 Zincalo1841 Romanichal1843 nomadian1847 Romany chai1851 didicoi1853 Bedouin1863 gyppo1868 gyp1886 1581 G. Pettie tr. S. Guazzo Ciuile Conuersat. i. 26 Your meaning is..that as it is lawefull onely for the Cinganes [Fr. Cingeurs] to robbe, so these also haue priuiledge to play in open streete. 1684 T. Smith in Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 14 446 There are thousands of Gypsies or Zinganies in Turkey. a1733 E. Chishull Trav. Turkey (1747) 93 A gang of Zingans, or gypses. 1838 W. Howitt Rural Life Eng. I. iii. i. 249 They were very sweet nondescripts, but not very perfect beggars; and far, far indeed from perfect Zinganies. 1879 London Med. Rec. 15 May 210/1 The number of pulse-beats per minute varies within wide limits: the Congo Negroes (62), and next to them the Hottentots and Rumanians (64), have the slowest pulses. Then follow the Zingani (69), Magyars and Caffres (70). This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2020; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1581
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