α. Middle English ȝoldyn, Middle English–1500s 1800s yolden; Scottish pre-1700 ȝoldin, pre-1700 yoldin, 1800s youden.
β. Middle English ȝold, Middle English ȝolde, 1500s yold.
† yoldenadj.
Obsolete (archaic in later use).
1. That has yielded, surrendered, or submitted. Also: characterized by or indicative of this; submissive.
ΘΚΠ
society > authority > subjection > obedience > submissiveness > [adjective]
tholemodec1000
bowinga1340
subjectc1384
enclinant1400
yoldena1413
subjective1417
prostratec1425
obtemperate?a1475
subjected1550
subject-like1553
submiss1570
submissive1572
yielding1578
obnoxious1591
subordinate1594
subjectly1596
yieldable1603
dejective1611
passive1616
awebound1631
succumbent1647
resigning1648
complaisant1676
ovine1676
a1413 (c1385) G. Chaucer Troilus & Criseyde (Pierpont Morgan) (1882) iii. l. 96 With look doun cast and humble yolden chere.
Promptorium Parvulorum (Harl. 221) 539/2 Ȝolde manne, yn werre, daticius.
a1470 T. Malory Morte Darthur (Winch. Coll. 13) (1990) III. 1139 I woll never aryse untyll that ye take me as yolden and recreaunte.
c1540 J. Bellenden tr. H. Boece Hyst. & Cron. Scotl. i. p. xxvii. Thay abhorrit nocht to eit the flesche of yoldin prisoneris.
a1547 Earl of Surrey Poems (1964) 95 The yolden hoost his marcy doth requyre.
a1605 J. Stewart Poems (1913) 257 Vnto quhois gratious mychtie Godheed brycht Vith ȝoldin hart I did addres me.
1896 W. Morris Well at World's End iv. x. 394/2 What will ye do with us when we are yolden? Shall we not pay ransom and go our ways?
2. Chiefly Scottish. Failed in strength; exhausted.
ΘΚΠ
the world > physical sensation > sleeping and waking > weariness or exhaustion > [adjective]
wearyc825
asadc1306
ateyntc1325
attaintc1325
recrayed1340
methefula1350
for-wearya1375
matea1375
taintc1380
heavy1382
fortireda1400
methefula1400
afoundered?a1425
tewedc1440
travailedc1440
wearisomec1460
fatigate1471
defatigatec1487
tired1488
recreant1490
yolden?1507
fulyeit?a1513
traiked?a1513
tavert1535
wearied1538
fatigated1552
awearya1555
forwearied1562
overtired1567
spenta1568
done1575
awearied1577
stank1579
languishinga1586
bankrupt?1589
fordone1590
spent1591
overwearied1592
overworn1592
outworn1597
half-dead1601
back-broken1603
tiry1611
defatigated1612
dog-wearya1616
overweary1617
exhaust1621
worn-out1639
embossed1651
outspent1652
exhausted1667
beaten1681
bejaded1687
harassed1693
jaded1693
lassate1694
defeata1732
beat out1758
fagged1764
dog-tired1770
fessive1773
done-up1784
forjeskit1786
ramfeezled1786
done-over1789
fatigued1791
forfoughten1794
worn-up1812
dead1813
out-burnta1821
prostrate1820
dead beat1822
told out1822
bone-tireda1825
traiky1825
overfatigued1834
outwearied1837
done like (a) dinner1838
magged1839
used up1839
tuckered outc1840
drained1855
floored1857
weariful1862
wappered1868
bushed1870
bezzled1875
dead-beaten1875
down1885
tucked up1891
ready (or fit) to drop1892
buggered-up1893
ground-down1897
played1897
veal-bled1899
stove-up1901
trachled1910
ragged1912
beat up1914
done in1917
whacked1919
washy1922
pooped1928
shattered1930
punchy1932
shagged1932
shot1939
whipped1940
buggered1942
flaked (out)1942
fucked1949
sold-out1958
wiped1958
burnt out1959
wrung out1962
juiced1965
hanging1971
zonked1972
maxed1978
raddled1978
zoned1980
cream crackered1983
?1507 W. Dunbar Tua Mariit Wemen (Rouen) in Poems (1998) I. 46 [He] with a ȝoldin ȝerd dois ȝolk me in armys.
a1547 Earl of Surrey tr. Virgil Certain Bks. Aenæis (1557) ii. sig. Civ Till yold with strokes, geuing the latter crack, Rent from the heighth, with ruine it doth fall.
1568 Christis Kirk on Grene in W. T. Ritchie Bannatyne MS (1928) II. 266 For hir saik he wes not ȝoldin.
1836 M. Mackintosh Cottager's Daughter 62 O deed quo' William I am youden now.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2016; most recently modified version published online December 2021).
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adj.a1413