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单词 callose
释义

callosen.

Brit. /ˈkaləʊs/, /ˈkaləʊz/, U.S. /ˈkæloʊz/, /ˈkæloʊs/
Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French callose.
Etymology: < French callose (L. Mangin 1890, in Comptes rendus hebd. de l'Acad. des Sci. 110 645) < classical Latin callus callus n. + French -ose -ose suffix2.
Biochemistry.
A polysaccharide found in higher plants as a constituent of certain types of cell wall, and deposited on parts of the plasma membrane in response to wounding or physiological stress.Callose is a linear polymer of glucose.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > chemistry > organic chemistry > carbohydrates > sugars > polysaccharides > [noun] > other polysaccharides
trehalose1862
triticin1874
galactin1882
callose1890
floridean starch1902
levan1902
leucosin1914
arabinogalactan1928
laminarin1934
glucan1943
zymosan1943
agarose1953
laminaran1961
1890 Proc. 28th Ann. Meeting Amer. Pharmaceut. Assoc. 643 Louis Mangin describes a new fundamental vegetable substance which he has named ‘callose’.
1939 E. A. Bessey Text-bk. Mycol. (new ed.) ix. 242 The apices of the branches may continue to grow while the older parts die and are cut off by callose plugs as in some Phycomyceteae.
1984 E. Holtzman & A. B. Novikoff Cells & Organelles (ed. 3) iii. iv. 380 The end wall is further modified by deposition of an impermeable glucose polysaccharide, callose, in the zones between the pores.
2003 Science 15 Aug. 893 Plants respond to pathogen-induced damage by producing callose.
This is a new entry (OED Third Edition, June 2016; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

calloseadj.

Brit. /ˈkaləʊs/, /ˈkaləʊz/, U.S. /ˈkæloʊs/, /ˈkæloʊz/
Forms: Middle English calose, Middle English colose, Middle English– callose.
Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymon: Latin callōsus.
Etymology: < classical Latin callōsus callous adj. Compare Middle French callose (1478: see callous adj.). Compare callous adj. and forms in the Romance languages cited at that entry.
Originally: (of animal tissue or skin) hardened, thickened; = callous adj. 1. In later use also Botany: bearing one or more callosities (cf. callous adj. 1b).
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > appearance of plant > defined by texture > [adjective] > hardened
callosea1400
callous1721
sclerosed1881
sclerotic1884
the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of visible parts > skin disorders > [adjective] > hardening or thickening > afflicted with
callosea1400
callousa1400
brawny1613
warded1658
imperspirable1668
callused1714
calloused1746
waulked1786
hoofed1828
horn-fisted1929
a1400 tr. Lanfranc Sci. Cirurgie (Ashm.) (1894) 89 Þe vlcus haþ not wiþinne him a calose [L. callosam] hardnes.
?a1425 tr. Guy de Chauliac Grande Chirurgie (N.Y. Acad. Med.) f. 86 (MED) Signez of fistulez ar y-taken of substantially cleuyng þingez, as of þat callose skyn.
1680 W. Charleton Enq. Human Nature 42 They have no teeth in the upper jaw..; the callose gumms of the upper, together with the tongue, serving them, instead of hands, to grasp and hold.
1698 W. Cowper Anat. Humane Bodies Introd. sig. c2/1 This Order is inverted in the Spinal Marrow, where the External Part is Callose and White.
1807 ‘A. McDonald’ Compl. Dict. Pract. Gardening at Mespilus Pulp thick mixed with callose granules, containing five gibbous, wrinkled, one-celled Stones, in each of which are two seeds.
1888 Bot. Gaz. 13 74 Fructiferous bracts rugose, callose-tuberculate.
1902 Trans. Entomol. Soc. London 253 Scutellum slightly callose.
1967 Ann. Missouri Bot. Garden 54 257 Petals..antheriform, callose, swollen.
2003 Flora Neotropica 88 84/2 Inner base of inner petals callose, grooved.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2016; most recently modified version published online December 2021).
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n.1890adj.a1400
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