cameran.
/ˈkam(ə)rə/, U.S. /ˈkæm(ə)rə/ 1. † b. A chamber in which a deliberative, judicial, or legislative body meets. Also: a deliberative or legislative body. Cf. chamber n. 4a, 4b Obsolete.Chiefly in non-English-speaking contexts.
a. The department of the papal Curia dealing with finance; the papal treasury. Cf. chamber n. 3.
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1566 J. Barthlet Pedegrewe Heretiques f. 46 Their [sc. the Popistes'] Camera and Consistorie, which is their stage.
1599 R. Allott Wits Theater Little World f. 254 The Popes Camera, or Eschequer, is lyke vnto the Sea, whereinto all Riuers doe run, and yet it ouerfloweth not.
1671 J. Gailhard Present State Princes Italy (new ed.) 43 A Cardinal being the Head of it, for which the Camera allowes him 1000 Crowns a year.
1692 M. Morgan Poem Late Victory 20 Into the Camera they pay their Fees, Have in return, Pardons and Jubilees.
a1713 M. Geddes Several Tracts against Popery (1715) 170 There are undoubtedly great Sums of Money paid upon every renewing, to the Papal Camera.
1841 W. Spalding Italy & Ital. Islands III. 114 The Camera or Treasury, whose president, the Camerlengo, is assisted by the Auditor, the Treasurer-general, and Assessors.
1891 Eng. Hist. Rev. 8 429 They [sc. minor penitentiaries]..evidently were expected to impose pecuniary penances for the benefit of the camera.
1941 Amer. Hist. Rev. 46 883 As time went on and the camera gained experience, the mandatory levy superseded the subsidy.
2006 R. B. Ekelund et al. Marketplace of Christianity v. 94 In the case of the Roman Catholic Church,..the curia and cardinals are upstream directors of various functions including a financial division collecting revenues called the papal camera (treasury).
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society > authority > rule or government > ruler or governor > deliberative, legislative, or administrative assembly > governing or legislative body of a nation or community > [noun]
thingOE
senatoryc1374
senate1560
camera1658
Thing1774
talking-shop1912
society > authority > rule or government > ruler or governor > deliberative, legislative, or administrative assembly > [noun] > place of > hall, house, or room
moot-houseOE
moot hall1305
council house1393
chamber1428
council-chamberc1515
session-house1599
camera1658
council-hall1683
council-room1774
1658 T. Bromhall Hist. Apparitions 136 The Judges commanded that she should touch the woman that was troubled with the charm, which is done very often by the Judges of Germany in the Imperial Camera.
1689 N. Bacon Hist. & Polit. Disc. Laws & Govt. Eng. 19 This Camera [sc. the Star Chamber], as I said, was the place of the joynt meeting of the Council, as well of those of the Chancery and Benches, as of those that attended upon matters of State.
1712 London Gaz. 5068/1 A Declaration read..by the Secretary of the Camera.
1778 W. J. Mickle tr. L. de Camoens Lusiad (ed. 2) App. p. ccxxxiii/2 The Municipal Court, under the name of Senate of the Camera.
2. An arched or vaulted roof, chamber, or building. Also more generally: any room or chamber.Frequently in the names of (parts of) buildings.
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society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > building of specific shape > [noun]
quadrangle1596
rotund1606
rotundo1614
camera1633
rotunda1648
tholosc1660
umbrella1680
octagon1767
round tower1790
cone1791
flat-iron1862
tetragon1884
tempietto1896
tetrapylon1904
igloo1956
shoebox1968
1633 A. Munday et al. Stow's Surv. of London (new ed.) 781 In this Camera, or arch'd and vaulted Structure..this H. the second..did keepe, or was supposed to have kept, that Iewell of his heart, faire Rosamond.
1708 J. Kersey Dict. Anglo-Britannicum Camera, (L.) a vaulted or arched Building, an Upper Chamber, or Gallery.
1775 R. Chandler Trav. Asia Minor liv. 182 They [sc. the sepulchres] consist mostly of a single camera, or vault.
1832 G. Downes Lett. from Continental Countries I. 343 The Camera, or Chamber, adjoining the body of the church, contains ten large frescoes by Raphael.
1861 Chambers's Encycl. II. 703/1 In later times the cameræ were frequently lined with plates of glass.
1887 Amer. Jrnl. Archaeol. & Hist. Fine Arts 3 504 Convocation at Oxford voted the following grants:..£730 for additional accommodation at the Bodleian Library and the Radcliffe Camera [etc.].
1911 J. A. Robinson Abbot's House at Westm. iv. 82 There was some building, forming a continuation of the Camera and providing the means of passing from the newel staircase to the Camera.
1996 A. Emery Greater Medieval Houses 77/2 The upper floor was a well-windowed camera, possibly partitioned, with garderobe and vaulted closet.
3. A (small) chamber or cavity in a mechanism, a part of the body, a shell, etc.
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1664 Minute 6 Jan. (Hooke Folio Online) 9 Mr. H[ooke] was desired to take care that the Instrument for the measure of time consisting of one only wheel with hollow cameras in it..be made.
1683 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 13 34 It was not one, but many Stomacks; for the cavity is divided by several tranverse membranes, into divers distinct Camera's.
1721 tr. D. Laurentius Compend. Anat 216 The Humours for Refracting the Rays of Light are three, viz. The Aqueous, filling each Camera of the Eye [etc.].
1796 Anat. Dialogues (ed. 4) ii. 107 One part is expanded on the inmost camera of the ear.
1863 Boston Jrnl. Nat. Hist. 7 536 A transverse horizontal membrane, which divides each of the four quadrant cameræ of the disc into two superposed spaces.
1921 Jrnl. Sci. Lab. Denison Univ. 19 263 This specimen [of a conch] consists of the living chamber with 11 camerae and part of a twelfth camera still attached.
1991 R. Goldring Fossils in Field iv. 77 If lithification was early, only the body chamber was filled with loose sediment, and the camerae (unless damaged) remained available for possible sparry fill.
4. † a. Short for camera obscura n. Obsolete.
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the world > physical sensation > sight and vision > optical instruments > instruments for projecting image > [noun] > camera obscura or lucida
darkroom1635
dark chamber1658
scioptric1704
dark tent1706
obscura camera1706
camera obscura1716
camera1734
camera lucida1753
box camera1828
1734 Philos. Trans. 1733–4 (Royal Soc.) 38 196 This Camera has several Advantages beyond the common one; for in this, Objects as big as the Life may be taken.
1760 L. Sterne Life Tristram Shandy I. xxiii. 171 Others..will make a drawing of you in the Camera.
1786 Daily Universal Reg. 15 Apr. 1/1 The difficulties justly complained of in both the camera and delineator, namely, the double reflection, which rendered them almost useless.
1816 Monthly Mag. Aug. 614/1 The Sultan got up, and went twice into the camera; I covered him with the baize all the while that he amused himself in contemplating the objects transmitted by it.
1878 M. Foster Text Bk. Physiol. (ed. 2) iii. ii. 397 The eye is a camera.
b. A device for taking photographs, using an aperture or lens to focus a visual image on to a light-sensitive material or (in later use) a digital sensor (cf. digital camera n. at digital n. and adj. Compounds 2).colour, digital, film, pinhole camera, etc.: see the first element.
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society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > photography > camera > [noun]
camera1840
digital1979
1840 Times 25 Aug. 4/5 Mr. Walcott also claims..the honour of adapting the substitution of reflectors for the camera, and thus reducing the length of the sitting to the short space of four to five minutes.
1859 G. A. Sala Twice round Clock 111 He throws the curtain of the camera over his head.
1889 Harper's Mag. Aug. 363/1 The camera reveals to us the presence of stars which the human eye has not seen.
1948 N. Coward Diary 22 Dec. (2000) 116 The..young man rushed at me and kissed me firmly and a Press photographer clicked his camera.
1984 J. Partridge One Touch Photogr. 22 When the weather is bright or you have loaded a faster film the camera selects faster speeds and smaller apertures.
2008 N.Y. Times (National ed.) 3 Apr. c1/1 A typical shirt-pocket camera, if you're lucky, can snap one photo a second.
c. A device for capturing moving pictures or video signals, typically through the storage of a series of images in quick succession on photographic film or videotape, or in digital form. Cf. camcorder n., webcam n.cine-, movie, television, video camera, etc.: see the first element.
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society > communication > record > recording or reproducing sound or visual material > production or use of video recording > [noun] > video camera
camera1909
video camera1939
cam1969
camcorder1982
1909 Moving Picture Girl Series (Grossett & Dunlap) (advt.) in C. Wells Marjorie's New Friend (end matter) The Moving Picture Girls Under The Palms Or Lost in the Wilds of Florida. How they went to the land of palms, played many parts in dramas before the camera; were lost; and aided others.
1919 Outing Mar. 289/3 I had a vague suspicion of how a camera worked. I had looked at several hundred feet of film in the cutting room.
1931 Movie Makers Feb. 81/1 Sound proof booths were used and in them the cameras and cameramen were locked.
1969 Times 16 July 4/1 The television pictures to be relayed back to earth will be taken by a camera fixed on a special attachment.
1981 J. Monaco How to read Film (rev. ed.) ii. 70 A director can change focus during a shot either to maintain focus on a subject moving away from or toward the camera.
1996 Web Techniques Aug. 75/2 You output the stream from the camera into the board and the board digitizes both video and audio files.
2007 Daily Tel. 30 Apr. 2/3 Lollipop wardens in Oxford are to have cameras fitted to the brims of their hats to film abusive motorists.
Phrases
the camera loves (a person or thing): used to indicate that a person or thing is photogenic or shows to advantage on film.
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1910 Washington Post 23 Oct. (Mag. section) 10/1 The camera loves a pretty woman.
1957 Lima (Ohio) News 27 July 9/4 He'd look at the rushes and she was wonderful: something came across on the screen that he had never seen while playing with her. He said, ‘The camera loves her.’
1984 Times 24 Sept. 8/2 She has a face the camera loves. Photographers say it's a marvellous, rewarding face.
2005 T. Mancuso Dog People do it Better iii. 63 Sunny stands out, for he is the biggest poser and the camera loves him. He could have been a model.
Compounds
camera angle n. the point or direction from which an object is photographed or filmed; cf. angle n.2 9a.
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society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > photography > action of taking photograph > technical factors > [noun] > camera angle
camera angle1919
1919 Oakland (Calif.) Tribune 6 Apr. (Mag.) 2/6 When it was all over I learned I hadn't been in the scene at all—(the ‘camera angle’ didn't include my table.
1968 A. Diment Great Spy Race viii. 151 You could see what was happening from two camera angles.
2004 Sci. Amer. Jan. 92/1 The stripe looks as if it is painted on the turf: when the camera angle changes, it stays in proper skew.
camera booth n. now historical a movable soundproof box with a glass front, in which a film camera is enclosed to prevent the noise of its mechanism intruding on the soundtrack of a film.
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society > leisure > the arts > performance arts > cinematography > filming > [noun] > place for filming > sound-proof box for camera
camera booth1927
1927 Ogden (Utah) Standard-Examiner 6 Sept. 4/5 The sound-proof camera booth used in the vitaphone synchronization of Al Jolson's..new picture, ‘The Jazz Singer’.
1999 J. Mullarkey New Bergson 214 By 1931, all studios were using Mitchell news cameras in blimps, and the camera-booth virtually disappeared overnight.
camera crew n. a team of people concerned with the technical aspects of recording a film or television programme.
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1911 Eau Claire (Wisconsin) Leader 26 Jan. 2/2 It may interest many people to see how a moving picture is made by an expert camera crew.
1999 Bingo Link Oct. 3/3 The camera crew followed the judges around the country for the regional heats.
camera eye n. the ability to record or recall detailed impressions of what one sees with photographic accuracy; (also) a person capable of unusually detailed or detached observation.
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the world > life > the body > sense organ > sight organ > types of sight organ > [noun]
ferret-eye1590
squirrel eyes1600
hawk's eye1684
piercer1752
gimlet-eye1825
lynx-eye1828
bug-eyes1905
camera eye1908
night eye1934
the world > physical sensation > sight and vision > one who sees > [noun] > observer > capable of unusually detailed observation
camera eye1908
the mind > mental capacity > memory > retention in the mind > image held in memory > [noun] > visually accurate memory
photographic memory1850
camera eye1908
1908 Oakland (Calif.) Tribune 30 Apr. 12/5 (headline) ‘Man with the camera eye’ will prevent crooks from ‘welcoming the fleet.’
1930 J. P. Burke in Amer. Mercury Dec. 455/1 Camera eye, a retentive memory for faces. ‘Put him on the door. He's camera eye.’
1960 Guardian 17 Nov. 8/2 The ‘I’ will be speaking, not an uninvolved camera eye, but a very much involved eye.
1997 N.Y. Rev. Bks. 6 Nov. 7/2 The documentary quality of his writing is on display on every page, and constantly pleasing not merely for..the camera eye he brings to bear on diverse contexts.
camera-eyed adj. possessing a camera eye.
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the mind > mental capacity > memory > retention in the mind > image held in memory > [adjective] > having a visual memory
camera-eyed1921
1921 Iowa City (Iowa) Press-Citizen 27 July 4/7 From behind black masks the camera eyed detectives, the pick of the thief hunters, watch and study as the faces pass in single file.
1962 Lowell (Mass.) Sun 19 June 14/7 A cool, camera-eyed customer, he worked opposing hurlers for eight walks, reached on a fielder's choice and banged out a single.
2006 Atlantic Monthly Nov. 115 A Single Man, by Christopher Isherwood (1964)... Herr Issyvoo at his stark, camera-eyed best.
camera gun n. now rare a camera attached to a gun, arranged to record what the gun is aiming at when fired and typically used in the training of fighter pilots; cf. gun-camera n. at gun n. Compounds 2.
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society > armed hostility > hostilities in the air > aircraft weapons or equipment > [noun] > aircraft gun > gunnery training device
camera gun1918
1918 F. H. Colvin Aircraft Mech. Handbk. xxii. 316 For machine-gun practice at enemy airplanes, the camera gun is..used.
1939 War Illustr. 2 Dec. 371 The first training of the gunners of fighting 'planes is given with a camera gun which registers on a photographic film the hits made by the gun.
cameraman n. a man who operates a camera professionally, now esp. in film or television.
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society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > photography > photographer > [noun] > professional
cameraman1883
press photographer1901
photojournalist1938
staff photographer1941
lensman1951
paparazzo1961
paparazzi1981
pap1988
1883 Daily Nebraska State Jrnl. 18 Dec. 2/2 He also sets up that in no sense is the camera man an author.
1912 C. Mathewson Pitching in Pinch x. 227 ‘Josh’ got sore and framed it up to have a camera man at the park the next day to take a moving picture of a mob scene.
1998 New Scientist 21 Nov. 49/2 The various failures of the cameraman to film a female diederik cuckoo entering a lesser masked weaver's nest.
camera move n. Film a camera movement (cf. camera movement n. (a)).
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1942 Amer. Cinematogr. May 235/2 The layout-man..figures out all of the camera moves such as..pans.
1991 Blitz Sept. 60/2 He's using very dramatic camera moves,..and he can get away with it because it is a thriller.
2006 New Yorker 6 Mar. 22/1 Curiously styled, with rap-video camera moves giving way to sensitive closeups, this reductive story of redemption milks the sentimentality..born of an extreme change of heart.
camera movement n. (a) Film (an instance of using) any of various techniques, such as zooming, panning, or tracking, which involve moving the camera or lens during a shot; (the use of) such techniques collectively; (b) Photography an adjustment of the position of the lens or film in a camera.
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society > leisure > the arts > performance arts > cinematography > filming > camera movements > [noun]
panning1917
pan1922
panoraming1927
camera movement1929
zooming1934
tilting1938
tilt1959
whip-pan1960
1929 Chicago Tribune 18 Aug. vii. 1/3 The audience will not be conscious of the camera movement.
1949 A. Huxley Let. 6 Mar. (1969) 593 Hitchcock..now shoots continuously a whole reel at a time,..getting the necessary close-ups and inserts..by camera movements and movement of the actors.
1975 Bull. Assoc. for Preserv. Technol. 7 39 The team could, with the proper use of camera movements, produce a rectified picture of the plane being photographed.
1991 Photo Answers Feb. 16/1 A plate camera..allows camera movements such as rising front so you can adjust the perspective and make the building look natural wherever you're shooting from.
1995 Village Voice (N.Y.) 7 Mar. 59/5 As much as the script, it's the aggressive but lyrical camera movement that accounts for much of the film's punch.
2005 Cineaste Spring 62/3 Godard was familiarly lauding ‘friend Boris’ for his ‘art of stylization’, his ‘camera movements, in which grace vies spontaneously with precision’.
camera operator n. a cameraman or camerawoman; spec. a person who directly controls a film or television camera during filming, typically acting upon the instructions of the director or cinematographer.
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society > leisure > the arts > performance arts > cinematography > filming > filming unit or team > [noun] > cameraman
camera operator1869
lenser1941
lighting cameraman1947
1869 Elyria (Ohio) Independent Democrat 29 Sept. Having a camera operator whose skill as a copyist is surpassed by none, I am prepared to do your work.
1913 Chautauquan 7 June 8/1 Camera operators had also to be taught, likewise scenic artists and stage carpenters.
1947 L. A. Sposa Television Primer ii. 14 The camera operator..has the responsibility of recording a sharp, well-composed image.
1991 Canada Lutheran Nov. 27/1 My camera operator..is a professional with a good eye. This means I could relax and concentrate on planning the shots.
2006 Plain Dealer (Cleveland, Ohio) (Nexis) 30 Aug. e1 The series seems to have been filmed by a camera operator with a perpetual case of the shakes.
camerapeople n. people who use cameras; spec. people who operate film or television cameras professionally.
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1896 Salem (Ohio) Daily News 30 July 4/6 (advt.) This weather of camping parties, vacation trips, and day excursions is just right for Camera people.
1937 ‘C. McCabe’ Face on Cutting-room Floor vii. 53 Vic took the meg and shouted something at the camera people.
2001 BBC Wildlife Sept. 2/3 The producers and camerapeople who have made Blue Planet..are among the luckiest people on Earth, having spent the past four years immersed in the sea.
cameraperson n. a person who uses a camera; spec. a person who operates a film or television camera professionally, a cameraman (now chiefly substituted as a gender-neutral term).
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1903 Washington Post 2 July 6/6 Even as the hand is about to release the shutter away will stalk the whole flock as if familiarity with the camera person had bred disgust.
1920 Daily Northwestern (Oshkosh, Wisconsin) 3 July 6/5 Only yesterday I accidentally stepped on one of those camera persons.
1996 D. F. Wallace Supposedly Fun Thing (1997) 181 The 2nd Asst. Cameraperson..fiddles complexly with the camera's anamorphic lens and various filters.
2004 I. McDonald River of Gods (2005) xxii. 261 The news channel camerapersons spot the Prime Minister in combats and charge her.
camera phone n. (a) (as one word, usually with capital initial) a device for synchronizing the projection of a cinematograph film with a soundtrack on gramophone records (now historical); (b) a telephone (now usually a mobile phone) which incorporates a digital camera.
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1907 Moving Picture World 22 June 250/1 The cameraphone, known as the ‘talking pictures’, opened Monday, June 10, at Hammerstein's and closed June 11.
1929 W. H. Hays See & Hear 41 About 1908, Edison again turned his attention to the talking picture, this time with a device known as the Cameraphone which coupled a phonograph with a film projector by means of a wire belt. Making a Cameraphone picture was very simple.
1999 Pop. Mech. (Electronic ed.) Jan. 42 For our viewing pleasure, MicroDisplay hooked one camera phone to another and sent images across the displays.
2005 Guardian 26 Apr. i. 9/1 ‘Happy slappers’—a youth craze in which groups of teenagers armed with camera phones slap or mug unsuspecting children or passersby while capturing the attacks on 3g technology.
camera-ready adj. (a) (of a person) ready to be filmed or photographed; attractive, photogenic; (of a book, etc.) intended to be made into a film; (b) Printing (originally in photo-offset printing, of a document) ready to be photographed (or digitally processed) for transferral to the printing plate.
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society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > photography > [adjective] > that photographs well
photogenic1922
photogenique1923
camera-ready1937
1937 L. T. Mowrer Journalist's Wife xvi. 211 I was to hold myself at their disposal, ‘camera-ready’ by nine o'clock on most days.
1959 Cedar Rapids (Iowa) Gaz. 8 Dec. 25/2 (advt.) Our expanding Lithography department needs young lady for vari-typer operator who can also prepare simple camera-ready paste-ups.
1979 Jrnl. Royal Soc. Arts July 486/1 By the second deadline..they were to have..completed the lay-out and paste-up so that their camera-ready flats were ready for printing.
1996 Entertainm. Weekly 16 Feb. 54 Three new camera-ready thrillers are arriving in bookstores already garlanded with fat motion picture deals.
2005 R. B. Taylor Clinician's Guide Med. Writing iv. 88 Copyeditors cannot change your camera-ready table, which sometimes may be disadvantageous when an error is found.
2008 Magnet No. 79. 56/2 Gone is the lobby-poster iconography of albums past, the cover shots of a camera-ready duo.
camera-ready copy n. Printing material which is ready to be photographed (or digitally processed) for transferral to the printing plate; abbreviated crc.
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1961 Anniston (Alabama) Star 31 Oct. 13/3 (advt.) Camera Ready Copy.
2002 R. Barrass Writing at Work 114 Cross-references must be added at the proof stage unless you are preparing camera-ready copy.
camera rehearsal n. a rehearsal for a film or television programme at which camera movements are planned and practised.
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society > leisure > the arts > performance arts > cinematography > filming > [noun] > rehearsal
camera rehearsal1935
society > communication > broadcasting > television > production of television broadcast > [noun] > camera rehearsal
camera rehearsal2005
1935 Daily News Standard (Uniontown, Pa.) 10 June 7/6 For lighting and camera rehearsals, Gale can do the same jig that Eddie does, and he hops about exactly like the banjo-eyed comedian.
2005 J.-N. Bassior Space Patrol viii. 143 Hopefully, there had been time on Friday for a camera rehearsal with the scenes in sequence.
camera script n. a script detailing which camera is to be used during each shot of a film or television shoot, and what its position, angle, etc., should be.
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1934 Daily Courier (Connellsville, Pa.) 4 Apr. 6/6 Berkeley now prepares a ‘camera script’ in which each shot is plotted and planned.
1986 J. Bentham Doctor Who—Early Years 172 It meant a lot of work for the Director preparing his camera script because he had to know exactly where to put his cameras to get the shots he wanted.
2003 P. Turner Secrets Screen Acting (ed. 2) xiii. 156 If the cameras cannot see you according to the preplanned camera script, then it is likely that you will be moved rather than a camera.
camera shake n. unintentional slight movement of a camera during photography or filming, liable to cause blurring of the image.
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society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > photography > action of taking photograph > technical factors > [noun] > unintentional movement of camera
camera shake1937
1937 Times 26 Oct. 46/4 There is a right way of holding every camera so that its balance in the hand is ‘comfortable’ and the risks of camera-shake are reduced to a minimum.
1962 L. Deighton Ipcress File xxiv. 154 A slow motion movie would be less subject to camera shake.
2005 Digital Photographer No. 31. 54/1 Many professional telephoto lenses employ a vibration reduction system to eliminate the effects of camera shake.
camera-shy adj. unwilling to be photographed or filmed.
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society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > photography > [adjective] > nervous of being photographed
camera-shy1903
1903 Lincoln (Nebraska) Evening News 12 May 3/4 These same camera shy dare devils of the mountains take particular delight in having their families and their cemeteries photographed.
1958 Manch. Guardian 30 June 6/4 It is not difficult to sympathise with the camera-shy M.P. who fears that his daily life is to become too public with the arrival of television in the House.
1994 Ticket Aug. 24/1 She now poses for photos while camera-shy Geoff does the talking.
camera tube n. (a) Photography (in a camera or scientific instrument) a tube along which light is directed from a lens or source into a device holding the film or plate (now chiefly historical); (b) Television any of various types of cathode ray tube used in television cameras to convert an optical image into a corresponding electrical signal; also called pick-up tube; cf. iconoscope n. 2, orthicon n., vidicon n.
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1855 U.S. Patent 13,093 1/1 My invention..enables the camera-box to be adjusted..for taking stereoscopic pictures... It gives by its arranging the lenses of the camera-tube exactly the same distance each time.
1889 G. M. Hopkins Exper. Sci. (1893) xv. 332 Nos. 1 to 12, Plate V., show a camera tube, box, and tripod, the materials of which cost less than a dollar.
1931 Science 2 Oct. (Advt. section) 8a The light enters by the slit, is reflected along the camera tube by a right-angled prism of quartz, [etc.].
1937 Bismark (N. Dakota) Daily Tribune 9 Jan. 2/3 Turning to the modern art, we find the heart of the television camera is this special camera tube.
1953 S. W. Amos & D. C. Birkinshaw Television Engin. I. iv. 79 A monoscope is a camera tube containing a target on which a pattern or photograph is printed and which..generates a picture signal corresponding to the printed image.
2004 Time Out N.Y. 17 June 63/1 It would be a challenge to find a TV executive who knows that the Emmys take their name from an early orthicon camera tube.
camerawoman n. a woman who uses a camera; spec. a woman whose job is to operate a film or television camera.
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1909 Every Where Feb. 344/2 The weaver..is, or was, till the camera-woman came, probably talking about neighborhood matters.
1928 Atlanta Constit. 15 July 17 a/3 She becomes filled with the desire to become a newsreel camerawoman.
2005 E. Buchanan From China with Love ii. 39 At the Heathrow check-in desk I met up with Sue, one of the few camerawomen to work in foreign news.
camerawork n. the use of a camera; (now esp.) the manner or technique of positioning and using a film or television camera.
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society > leisure > the arts > performance arts > cinematography > filming > [noun]
camerawork1858
chronophotography1895
filming1909
motion photography1912
picturizing1916
shooting1920
take1920
shoot1929
lensing1942
1858 Photographic Notes & Jrnl. Birmingham Photographic Soc. 15 May 126/1 Nor did I see anything very tempting for camera work, so instead of loitering on my road I determined on proceeding still further along the coast to Torquay.
1908 Daily Chron. 14 Mar. 3/3 They are most excellent examples of camera-work.
1998 L. Forbes Bombay Ice (1999) 13 The camerawork was amateurish, tracking too quickly from a sea spumy as boiling milk to catch the bare brown feet of a crowd.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, November 2010; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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n.1566- to run a book
- to run a buck
- to run a bye
- to run a close race
- to run a coup
- to run a fortune
- to run a game
- to run a good foot
- to run a good horse, dog, etc
- to run a great horse, dog, etc
- to run a hazard
- to run a line in the sand
- to run a mile
- to run a millstone
- to run a number
- to run a person a close race
- to run a person crazy
- to run a person off her feet
- to run a person off her legs
- to run a person off his feet
- to run a person off his legs
- to run a person on a rail
- to run a person out of breath
- to run a person out on a rail
- to run a person ragged