reference

ref·er·ence

R0114200 (rĕf′ər-əns, rĕf′rəns)n.1. The act of referring to something: filed away the article for future reference.2. a. Significance for a specified matter; relation or relationship: Her speeches have special reference to environmental policy.b. Meaning or denotation: The reference of the word "lion" is to a kind of wild cat.3. A mention of an occurrence or situation: made frequent references to her promotion.4. a. A note in a publication referring the reader to another passage or source.b. The passage or source so referred to.c. A work frequently used as a source.d. A mark or footnote used to direct a reader elsewhere for additional information.5. Law a. Submission of a case to a referee.b. Legal proceedings conducted before or by a referee.6. a. A person who is in a position to recommend another or to vouch for his or her fitness, as for a job.b. A statement about a person's qualifications, character, and dependability.tr.v. ref·er·enced, ref·er·enc·ing, ref·er·ences 1. To supply (a text) with references: The author hadn't adequately referenced the third chapter, so the copyeditor suggested adding more citations. This article is thoroughly referenced with up-to-date sources.2. a. To cite as a reference: The monograph doesn't reference any peer-reviewed articles.b. Usage Problem To mention or allude to: The comedian's monologue referenced many Hollywood stars.Idiom: in/with reference to In connection with; in relation to: This letter is in reference to the invoice that accompanied the package.

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ref′er·enc·er n.ref′er·en′tial (-ə-rĕn′shəl) adj.ref′er·en′tial·ly adv.Usage Note: Though originally a noun, reference is often used as a transitive verb meaning "to supply (a book, article, or other work) with references." People also use the verb to mean "To cite as a reference" or simply "To mention or allude to." Though some traditionalists oppose these latter two uses of reference, the usage is most widely accepted when the context involves actual citing of sources. For instance, in our 2013 survey, fully 70 percent of the Usage Panel found The paper references several articles on global warming at least somewhat acceptable, while only 37 percent accepted the sentence During the press conference, the mayor referenced the recent floods.

reference

(ˈrɛfərəns; ˈrɛfrəns) n1. the act or an instance of referring2. something referred, esp proceedings submitted to a referee in law3. a direction of the attention to a passage elsewhere or to another book, document, etc4. a book or passage referred to5. a mention or allusion: this book contains several references to the Civil War. 6. (Philosophy) philosophy a. the relation between a word, phrase, or symbol and the object or idea to which it refersb. the object referred to by an expression. Compare sense¹²7. a. a source of information or factsb. (as modifier): a reference book; a reference library. 8. a written testimonial regarding one's character or capabilities9. a person referred to for such a testimonial10. a. (foll by to) relation or delimitation, esp to or by membership of a specific class or group; respect or regard: all people, without reference to sex or age. b. (as modifier): a reference group. 11. point of reference a fact forming the basis of an evaluation or assessment; criterion12. terms of reference the specific limits of responsibility that determine the activities of an investigating body, etcvb (tr) 13. to furnish or compile a list of references for (an academic thesis, publication, etc)14. to make a reference to; refer to: he referenced Chomsky, 1956. prepcommerce with reference to: reference your letter of the 9th inst. Abbreviation: re ˈreferencer n referential adj

ref•er•ence

(ˈrɛf ər əns, ˈrɛf rəns)

n., v. -enced, -enc•ing. n. 1. an act or instance of referring. 2. a mention; allusion. 3. something for which a name or designation stands; denotation. 4. a. a direction of the attention, as in a book, to some other book, passage, etc. b. the book, passage, etc., to which one is directed. 5. reference mark. 6. use or recourse for purposes of information: a library for public reference. 7. a book or other source of useful facts or information. 8. a. a person to whom one refers for testimony as to another's character, abilities, etc. b. a statement regarding a person's character, abilities, etc. 9. regard or connection; relation: without reference to age. v.t. 10. to furnish with references. 11. to mention in or as a reference. 12. to arrange for easy reference. [1580–90]

reference

Past participle: referenced
Gerund: referencing

Imperative
reference
reference

Present
I reference
you reference
he/she/it references
we reference
you reference
they reference

Preterite
I referenced
you referenced
he/she/it referenced
we referenced
you referenced
they referenced

Present Continuous
I am referencing
you are referencing
he/she/it is referencing
we are referencing
you are referencing
they are referencing

Present Perfect
I have referenced
you have referenced
he/she/it has referenced
we have referenced
you have referenced
they have referenced

Past Continuous
I was referencing
you were referencing
he/she/it was referencing
we were referencing
you were referencing
they were referencing

Past Perfect
I had referenced
you had referenced
he/she/it had referenced
we had referenced
you had referenced
they had referenced

Future
I will reference
you will reference
he/she/it will reference
we will reference
you will reference
they will reference

Future Perfect
I will have referenced
you will have referenced
he/she/it will have referenced
we will have referenced
you will have referenced
they will have referenced

Future Continuous
I will be referencing
you will be referencing
he/she/it will be referencing
we will be referencing
you will be referencing
they will be referencing

Present Perfect Continuous
I have been referencing
you have been referencing
he/she/it has been referencing
we have been referencing
you have been referencing
they have been referencing

Future Perfect Continuous
I will have been referencing
you will have been referencing
he/she/it will have been referencing
we will have been referencing
you will have been referencing
they will have been referencing

Past Perfect Continuous
I had been referencing
you had been referencing
he/she/it had been referencing
we had been referencing
you had been referencing
they had been referencing

Conditional
I would reference
you would reference
he/she/it would reference
we would reference
you would reference
they would reference

Past Conditional
I would have referenced
you would have referenced
he/she/it would have referenced
we would have referenced
you would have referenced
they would have referenced

Thesaurus

Noun	1.	reference - a remark that calls attention to something or someone; "she made frequent mention of her promotion"; "there was no mention of it"; "the speaker made several references to his wife"mentioncomment, remark, input - a statement that expresses a personal opinion or belief or adds information; "from time to time she contributed a personal comment on his account"allusion - passing reference or indirect mentionretrospection - reference to things past; "the story begins with no introductory retrospections"name-dropping - the practice of casually mentioning important people in order to impress your listener; "the hard thing about name-dropping is to avoid being too obvious about it"
	2.	reference - a short note recognizing a source of information or of a quoted passage; "the student's essay failed to list several important citations"; "the acknowledgments are usually printed at the front of a book"; "the article includes mention of similar clinical cases"cite, quotation, mention, acknowledgment, citation, creditannotation, notation, note - a comment or instruction (usually added); "his notes were appended at the end of the article"; "he added a short notation to the address on the envelope"photo credit - a note acknowledging the source of a published photographcross-index, cross-reference - a reference at one place in a work to information at another place in the same work
	3.	reference - an indicator that orients you generally; "it is used as a reference for comparing the heating and the electrical energy involved"point of reference, reference pointbench mark, benchmark - a surveyor's mark on a permanent object of predetermined position and elevation used as a reference pointlandmark - a mark showing the boundary of a piece of landlubber line, lubber's line, lubber's mark, lubber's point - a fixed line on a ship's compass indicating its headingtarget, mark - a reference point to shoot at; "his arrow hit the mark"white line - a white stripe in the middle of a road to mark traffic lanesindicator - a signal for attracting attentionbuoy - bright-colored; a float attached by rope to the seabed to mark channels in a harbor or underwater hazards
	4.	reference - a book to which you can refer for authoritative facts; "he contributed articles to the basic reference work on that topic"book of facts, reference book, reference workbook - a written work or composition that has been published (printed on pages bound together); "I am reading a good book on economics"cookbook, cookery book - a book of recipes and cooking directionsinstruction book - a book of directions for using or operating some piece of equipmentsource book - a collection of historically important documents published together as a bookwordbook - a reference book containing words (usually with their meanings)enchiridion, handbook, vade mecum - a concise reference book providing specific information about a subject or locationdirectory - an alphabetical list of names and addressesyearly, annual, yearbook - a reference book that is published regularly once every yearbook of maps, map collection, atlas - a collection of maps in book formcyclopaedia, cyclopedia, encyclopaedia, encyclopedia - a reference work (often in several volumes) containing articles on various topics (often arranged in alphabetical order) dealing with the entire range of human knowledge or with some particular specialty
	5.	reference - a formal recommendation by a former employer to a potential future employer describing the person's qualifications and dependability; "requests for character references are all too often answered evasively"character reference, charactergood word, recommendation, testimonial - something that recommends (or expresses commendation of) a person or thing as worthy or desirable
	6.	reference - the most direct or specific meaning of a word or expression; the class of objects that an expression refers to; "the extension of `satellite of Mars' is the set containing only Demos and Phobos"denotation, extensionmeaning, substance - the idea that is intended; "What is the meaning of this proverb?"
	7.	reference - the act of referring or consulting; "reference to an encyclopedia produced the answer"consultationaction - something done (usually as opposed to something said); "there were stories of murders and other unnatural actions"
	8.	reference - a publication (or a passage from a publication) that is referred to; "he carried an armful of references back to his desk"; "he spent hours looking for the source of that quotation"sourcepublication - a copy of a printed work offered for distribution
	9.	reference - (computer science) the code that identifies where a piece of information is storedaddress, computer addresscomputer science, computing - the branch of engineering science that studies (with the aid of computers) computable processes and structurescomputer code, code - (computer science) the symbolic arrangement of data or instructions in a computer program or the set of such instructionsparameter, argument - (computer science) a reference or value that is passed to a function, procedure, subroutine, command, or programuniform resource locator, universal resource locator, URL - the address of a web page on the world wide web
	10.	reference - the relation between a word or phrase and the object or idea it refers to; "he argued that reference is a consequence of conditioned reflexes"meaning, substance - the idea that is intended; "What is the meaning of this proverb?"
Verb	1.	reference - refer to; "he referenced his colleagues' work"citeauthorship, penning, writing, composition - the act of creating written works; "writing was a form of therapy for him"; "it was a matter of disputed authorship"indite, pen, write, compose - produce a literary work; "She composed a poem"; "He wrote four novels"

reference

noun1. allusion, note, comment, mention, remark, quotation, citation He summed up his philosophy, with reference to Calvin.2. citation, note, source, credit, footnote, authority I would have found a brief list of references useful.3. passing on, transfer, handing over, submission, turning over, committal, consignment, deliverance The claimants are seeking a reference to the European court of Justice.4. testimonial, recommendation, credentials, endorsement, certification, good word, character reference The firm offered to give her a reference.verb1. refer to, mention, cite, speak of, bring up, invoke, touch on, allude to, make reference, make mention of It specifically referenced a 1928 book on the subject.with reference to concerning, regarding, relating to, in connection with, with respect to I'm calling with reference to your series on prejudice.

reference

nounA statement attesting to personal qualifications, character, and dependability:character, recommendation, testimonial.

Translations

介绍信参考书目引文推荐信提到

refer

(rəˈfəː) – past tense, past participle reˈferred – verb (with to). 1. to talk or write (about something); to mention. He doesn't like anyone referring to his wooden leg; I referred to your theories in my last book. 提到，談起 提到，（谈）到 2. to relate to, concern, or apply to. My remarks refer to your last letter. 針對，有關 提到，针对，关系到指的是 3. to send or pass on to someone else for discussion, information, a decision etc. The case was referred to a higher law-court; I'll refer you to the managing director. 提交 提交4. to look for information (in something). If I'm not sure how to spell a word, I refer to a dictionary. 查閱 查阅referee (refəˈriː) noun1. a person who controls boxing, football etc matches, makes sure that the rules are not broken etc. The referee sent two of the players off the field. 裁判 裁判员2. a person who is willing to provide a note about one's character, ability etc, eg when one applies for new job. 介紹人，推薦人 介绍人，推荐人鉴定人 verb – past tense, past participle ˌrefeˈreed – to act as a referee for a match. I've been asked to referee (a football match) on Saturday. 擔任裁判 担任裁判reference (ˈrefərəns) noun1. (an) act of referring (to something); a mention (of something). He made several references to her latest book; With reference to your request for information, I regret to inform you that I am unable to help you. 提及，涉及 提及，涉及 2. a note about one's character, ability etc, eg when one applies for a new job. Our new secretary had excellent references from her previous employers. 推薦函 推荐信，介绍信关于品行、能力等的）证明、介绍 3. an indication in a book, report etc, showing where one got one's information or where further information can be found. 參考文獻，出處 参考书目，引文 reference book a book which is not usually read from beginning to end but which is consulted occasionally for information, eg a dictionary or encyclopaedia. 參考書 参考书reference library a library of books to be looked at for information but not borrowed. 參考圖書館 参考书阅览室

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reference, noun, is spelt with -r-.
referred and referring are spelt with -rr-.

reference

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