| 释义 |
tamp, v.|tæmp|
[app. a 19th c. workmen's word; perh. a back-formation from tampin (var. of tampion) taken as = tamping.]
1. trans. Mining.
a. To stop up (a bore-hole) with clay, sand, etc., rammed in upon the charge before firing the shot; also, to pack up (a gallery of a military mine) before firing it, in order to concentrate the effect.
b. To ram home (the charge) in a bore-hole. Also absol.
1819Faraday in B. Jones Life (1870) I. 301 Men..employed in making holes, tamping and blasting the rock. 1834J. S. Macaulay Field Fortif. 203 Then tamp strongly and carefully the ends of the gallery, leaving the space intended to be demolished void. 1838Civil Eng. & Arch. Jrnl. I. 292/1 The hole is tamped with dry clay to the top. 1843Ibid. VI. 165/1 To form these chambers the rock was perforated.., and the different proportions of powder were introduced..and ‘tamped up’ close. 1860Russell Diary India I. 199 The mines will soon be tamped, and the whole nest of temples [over the river at Cawnpore] will leap into the air amid fire and thunder. 1899Westm. Gaz. 4 Dec. 2/1 All charges should be ‘tamped’—that is, pressed or secured in position with stones or other material wedged around them—wherever possible.
2. To stop up with clay or loamy earth the issues of a blast-furnace (Knight Dict. Mech. 1877).
3. a. To ram down hard, so as to consolidate (earth, gravel, etc.); to pun; = pound v.1 6; also to pack (anything) round with earth so rammed down.
1879L. Stockbridge Investig. Rainfall (Boston, U.S.) 5 [The lysimeter] was finished by throwing back and tamping in the earth which had been excavated on three sides. 1890T. C. Clarke in Railways Amer. 38 The track is raised, the gravel tamped well under the ties, and the track is ready for use. 1909Installation News III. 63 If the conductor is tamped round with granulated carbon.
b. To pack or consolidate tobacco in (a pipe or cigarette) by a series of light taps. Also with tobacco as obj. and const. down. orig. U.S.
1920in Webster. 1939R. P. Warren Night Rider ii. 42 The Captain took out his pipe, tamped it, and with an excess of care lighted it. 1940Sun (Baltimore) 14 Aug. 8/6 The pipe stoppers used to tamp tobacco in the pipe bowl will be on view. 1941‘A. MacDonald’ in Astounding Sci. Fiction Oct. 18/2 The man..took out another cigarette, tamped it on one end, turned it and tamped the other. 1959J. Cary Captive & Free xxx. 134 Syson settled himself more comfortably and tamped his pipe with the end of a pencil. 1979PN Rev. No. 9. 35/1 A pipe-smoker Tamps tobacco Down to the base of the pipe bowl. 1981Guardian 12 Oct. 10/4 A local soul, resting from his labours, tamping the dottle in his pipe.
4. transf. and fig. To oppress or constrict as by ramming; to subdue or contain by force. Also const. down. U.S.
1959N. Mailer Advts. for Myself 19 We've all been flattened by the dead air of this time, dinched and tamped into a flat-footed class. a1963S. Plath Ariel (1965) 74 Perfection... Cold as snow breath, it tamps the womb. 1976Time 27 Sept. 27/2 While inflation has been tamped to just over 6%, unemployment is still high. 1977Time 18 Apr. 53/2 Carter may be gambling that..he can tamp down the debate over the safety of nuclear power.
5. Comb., as tamp-work, a surface made hard by tamping.
1855R. F. Burton El-Medinah I. xiii. 370 He sees a plain like tamp-work, where knobs of granite act daisies.
Hence tamped |tæmpt| ppl. a., made hard and solid by pounding.
1875R. F. Burton Gorilla L. (1876) II. 204 The flooring is hard, tamped clay. 1878H. M. Stanley Dark Cont. II. iii. 83 The compact clay and tamped floor. |