| 释义 |
entrench, intrench, v.|ɛn-, ɪnˈtrɛnʃ|
Also 7 entrensh.
[f. en-1, in- + trench n. and v.
The form intrench is that favoured by mod. Dicts., but in recent use entrench seems to be more frequent.]
1. trans. (Mil.) To place within a trench; to surround or fortify (a post, army, town, etc.) with trenches. Also refl.
α1563Golding Cæsar 205 They shoulde be as good as entrenched. 1629S'hertogenbosh 47 The Gouernour..propounding that the Vuchteren wall should be entrenched. 1643Cromwell Lett. 11 Sept., The Enemy hath entrenched himself over against Hull. 1693Mem. Cnt. Teckeley iv. 34 One side covered by a Hill, which was not entrenched. 1783Watson Philip III (1839) 23 Giving them instructions to entrench themselves at the village of Hervorden. 1813Wellington in Gurw. Disp. XI. 177 A camp which they had strongly entrenched. 1845S. Austin Ranke's Hist. Ref. II. 353 They might entrench themselves opposite to the enemy. 1873Dixon Two Queens I. i. i. 3 They lay entrenched along the Ebro.
β1555Eden Decades W. Ind. i. iii. (Arb.) 78 Open gardens, not intrenched with dykes. 1603Knolles Hist. Turks (1638) 303 Mustapha intrenched his army vpon the rising of a hill. 1757Burke Abridgm. Eng. Hist. Wks. 1808 X. 409 Here he found the enemy strongly intrenched. 1810Wellington in Gurw. Disp. VI. 39 It might be advantageous to intrench one or more positions. 1864Sala in Daily Tel. 21 Sept., They retire, and intrench themselves somewhere else.
b. absol.
1583T. Stocker Civ. Warres Lowe Countr. II. 59 This night, likewise, the Enemie beganne to entrenche in Isseene waie. 1590Marlowe 2nd Pt. Tamburl. iii. iii, Raise mounts, batter, intrench, and undermine. 1623Bingham Xenophon 31 Hee is intrenching or raising a wall somewhere to blocke vp our way. 1769Goldsm. Rom. Hist. (1786) I. 461 Cæsar..began to entrench also behind him.
2. transf. and fig.; spec. in Politics, to safeguard the position of (an individual, a group, etc.) by constitutional provisions.
αa1594Marlowe & Nashe Dido i. i, Finding æolus entrench'd with storms. 1609Holland Amm. Marcel. xxiv. ii. 242 The same [stronghold] entrenched, as it were about with the course of the river. 1649Selden Laws Eng. ii. i. (1739) 7 Against this danger he entrenches himself in an Act of Parliament. 1732Berkeley Alciphr. iv. §3 Entrenched within tradition, custom, authority, and law. 1866G. Macdonald Ann. Q. Neighb. xxxii. (1878) 553 Still keeping himself entrenched in the affectation of a supercilious indifference. 1962Listener 12 Apr. 627/1 The most weighty criticism which can be made of all schemes to draw up a list of human rights and to entrench them in a constitution relates to the practical problem of selecting the rights to be protected and of formulating them in legal language.
β1607Schol. Disc. agst. Antichr. i. ii. 78 Within which [bound] God hath intrencht all humane power. 1759Johnson Idler No. 61 ⁋7 He intrenches himself in general terms. 1796Burke Regic. Peace Wks. 1842 II. 332 One of the parties to a treaty intrenches himself up to the chin in these ceremonies.
†3. To make (a wound) by cutting. Obs. rare.
1590Spenser F.Q. iii. xii. 20 A wide wound therein..Entrenched deep with knyfe accursed keene. 1601Shakes. All's Well ii. i. 45 One Captaine Spurio his sicatrice, with an Embleme of warre..this very sword entrench'd it.
4. intr. = trench. to entrench upon: to take, use, or occupy a portion of (something) reserved; to encroach or trespass upon; to infringe (rights, † laws); to come within the definition of. Now rare.
α1640Canterb. Self-convic. Postscr. 4 Exceeding the Sphere of man, and entrenshing upon Gods proper glorie. 1710Prideaux Orig. Tithes ii. 119 This would be to entrench upon his own Grant. 1769Wesley Wks. (1872) XIII. 18 Let not the gentlewoman entrench upon the Christian. 1831Q. Rev. XLIV. 269 Far..from entrenching upon the privileges of parliament. 1837J. H. Newman Proph. Office Church 15 Without seeming to entrench upon political principles.
β1633Ford Broken H. iii. i, Intrenching on just laws Whose sovereignty is best preserved by justice. 1642Fuller Holy & Prof. St. iii. xiii. 183 Intrench not on the Lord's day to use unlawfull sports. 1649Jer. Taylor Gt. Exempl. i. §1 (R.) It intrenches very much upon impiety. 1722Wollaston Relig. Nat. i. 17, I might intrench upon truth by doing this. 1761Hume Hist. Eng. I. viii. 180 Concessions which intrenched so deeply on the honour and dignity of the crown.
†b. simply. To make encroachments. Obs. rare.
1634Sir T. Herbert Trav. 86 The kings prime House is within the Mydan, yet no way entrenching further than the other Houses. a1635Naunton Fragm. Regalia (Arb.) 46 Where it did not intrench, neither invade her interest. |