| 释义 |
▪ I. travis1, trevis|ˈtrævɪs, ˈtrɛvɪs|
Forms: α. 5 traveys, 6 traveis, 8 travice; β. 6 trevys, 9 trevis.
[A variant of traverse n. in sense of OF. travers (= ‘travail, machine pour ferrer’ in Godef., who cites ‘Ung travers a ferrer chevaulx’ from a document of 1472), ad. L. traversum.
In Eng. the word has undergone the same popular deformation as traverse n. and v., and is now identified in form with next, of which indeed in the Eng. Dial. Dict. it is treated as a sense.]
A framework or railed enclosure in which restive horses are put to be shod; a smith's shoeing shed; = trave n. 2.
α14..Voc. in Wr.-Wülcker 617/19 Tramerium, traveys, ergasterium idem est. 1583Burgh Rec. Edinb. (1882) IV. 287 To sett vp ane traveis of tymmer for shoing of horsis besyde his smiddy. 1727Bailey vol. II, Travice, a small Inclosure..consisting of four Pillars or Posts, kept together by cross Poles, for keeping in and holding unruly Horses in the time of Shoeing, or any other Operation. 1905in Eng. Dial. Dict. s.v. Traverse, recorded from Cheshire, E. Anglia, Sussex.
β1530Palsgr. 283/1 Trevys to shoe a wylde horse in, trauayl a cheual. 1831Youatt Horse xxii. (1847) 430 The trevis is a machine indispensible in every continental forge.
▪ II. travis2, trevis|ˈtrævɪs, ˈtrɛvɪs|
Also 8 treves, 8–9 travisse, 9 trevesse, -vis, -ise, -iss, travis, -ise, -iss; Sc. dial. traivis, triviss, -ess, trivage; Eng. dial. travvis, travase, trivitch.
[dial. var. of traverse n. q.v.
Similar forms occur as obs. or dial., variants in senses for which traverse is the current form; but in the following senses the altered forms are alone in use.]
1. A wooden partition 4½ to 6 feet high, separating two stalls in a stable. (See traverse n., branch IV, of which this is a specific sense.)
1818Scott Hrt. Midl. xxv[i], Beyond the ‘treviss’, which formed one side of the stall, stood a cow. 1826― Woodst. i, Stakes and trevisses of rough-hewn timber..seemed to intimate that the hallowed precincts had been..made the quarters of a troop of horse. 1827Hogg in Blackw. Mag. XXI. 69 As I was suppering the horses the night..behold I looks up, and there's my auld master standing leaning against the trivage. 1833Loudon Encycl. Archit. §1070 The trevises to be 6 feet high at the front posts, and 4 feet and a half high at the hind posts. Ibid. §1103 The back posts of the trivesses to be made of oak 6 inches square. 1844Stephens Bk. Farm I. 125 The hind posts of travises should be of solid wood rounded in front.
2. A horse's stall in a stable.
(Bears the same relation to 1 as traverse n. 14 to 13.)
1756M. Calderwood in Coltness Collect. (Maitl. Cl.) 152 There were fifty-eight treveses in one end [of the stables]. 1859J. Brown Rab & Fr. (1862) 33 He [Rab] lay in the treviss wi' the mear, and wadna come oot. 1884J. Purves in Gd. Words Nov. 766/2 The horses crunching their food and rattling their halter-chains in the treviss. 1896J. Lumsden Battle of Dunbar, etc. 13 Her neibor in the nearer triviss The maist redoubted naig alive is!
3. Comb. travis- or trevis-board, travis-boarding (in a stable).
1833Loudon Encycl. Archit. §1070 1½-inch trevise-boards to be mortised into the hind post, which must be set 8 feet from the front wall. Ibid. §1103 The trivess boarding to be 7 feet high in front, and 8 feet at the back end.
▪ III. travis, -ish, -iss
obs. forms of traverse. |