| 释义 |
graded, ppl. a.|ˈgreɪdɪd|
[f. grade n. and v.2 + -ed.]
1. a. Formed like a flight of steps.
1850Ecclesiologist XI. 113 Three graded sedilia..with trefoiled heads. 1865Athenæum No. 1984. 612/3 A graded, low, broad wall. 1874J. Thomson City Dreadful Nt. xxi. (1880) 52 The bronze colossus of a wingèd Woman Upon a graded granite base foursquare.
b. Her. Of a cross: = degraded ppl. a.2
1874Papworth's Coats of Arms 607/1 Arg., a cross graded of three sa.—Wyntworth. 1894Parker's Gloss. Her. 161 s.v. Cross.
2. Divided or arranged according to grades of rank, quality, etc. graded school (chiefly U.S.): ‘a school divided into departments taught by different teachers, in which the children pass from the lower departments to the higher as they advance in education’ (Cent. Dict.).
1859Amer. Cycl. V. 553/2 A system of graded schools for each town. 1867Nation (N.Y.) 12 Sept. 207 He especially recommends that our system of graded schools be imitated in the large towns of England. 1873–6F. Jenkin Electr. & Magnet. (ed. 3) 197 Sir William Thomson has given the name of graded galvanometer to an instrument constructed as above, and [etc.]. 1877Blackie Wise Men 32 Thus earth and fire, the heavy and the light, Are bound together by the graded kinds of air and water.
3. Of a road, etc.: Reduced to levels or practicable gradients.
1840Tanner Canals and Rail Roads U.S. 151 The graded surface of the road. 1847Emerson Repr. Men, Napoleon Wks. (Bohn) I. 371 ‘There shall be no Alps’, he said; and he built his perfect roads, climbing by graded galleries their steepest precipices. 1857R. Tomes Amer. in Japan iii. 82 Here are to be found wide and well-graded streets. 1882W. H. Bishop in Harper's Mag. Dec. 60/2 A half mile of graded road-bed alone remains.
4. Of cattle: Improved by crossing with a superior breed.
1876H. T. Williams Pacific Tourist 185/2 The immense range fenced in at this point is occupied by a select herd of graded stock. 1879U.S. Dept. Agric. Spec. Rep., No. 12. Invest. Dis. Swine 187 The graded calves of this county have this year suffered severely by a disease called black-leg. 1887F. Francis Jr. Saddle & Mocassin ix. 161 Graded cattle are more valuable, ain't they?
5. Physical Geogr. Of a river or its profile: at grade (see grade n. 10 d); having attained grade.
1894W. M. Davis in Jrnl. Geol. II. 77 Mr. Gilbert has recently suggested to me that a stream in this condition of balance between degrading and aggrading might be called a graded stream; and its slope, a graded slope. 1934C. R. Longwell et al. Outl. Physical Geol. iii. 42 When a part of a main stream reaches grade, the local tributaries soon become graded with respect to it. 1944A. Holmes Princ. Physical Geol. x. 154 When the profile is developed so that it everywhere provides the necessary minimum gradient, it is called a graded profile or a profile of equilibrium. 1946L. D. Stamp Britain's Struct. v. 47 A river tends to reach a state of equilibrium and its longitudinal profile will form a smooth curve from source to mouth. When it reaches this stage a river is said to be graded. 1970[see grade n. 10 d]. |