| 释义 |
▪ I. hunch, v.|hʌn(t)ʃ|
Also 7 hunsh.
[Of obscure origin: but cf. hinch v. If sense 3 belongs to the same word as 1 and 2 (which is doubtful), the sense-development may have been ‘to thrust or shoot out’, ‘to cause to stick out’, and hence ‘to form a projection or protuberance’.
It is noteworthy that the first trace of sense 3 appears, not in the simple hunch vb or n., but in the comb. hunch-backed substituted in the 2nd Quarto of Shakespeare's Richard III (1598) iv. iv. 81, for the earlier and ordinary 16–17th c. word bunch-backed, which the 1st Quarto and all the Folios have here, and which all the Quartos and all the Folios have in the parallel passage i. iii. 246. This substitution of hunch-backed in the one passage might be thought to be a mere misprint of the 2nd Qo., but it is retained in all the five subsequent Quartos 1602–1634; and the word appears again in 1635, and becomes frequent after 1675. Then we have huncht back 1656, to hunch the back 1678, hunchback 1712, hunch back 1718, and finally, hunch n. c 1800. Johnson 1755–87 knew only hunch vb. (in our senses 2 and 3) and hunch-backed. With these words must be considered hulch n., hulch back, and hulch-backed, in the same senses, given by Cotgr. 1611, which are thus earlier than the hunch group, except for hunch-backed in the Shakes. Qos.; also the forms hutch back, hutch-back'd, hutch-shouldered, found 1624–1667. We have further to compare the somewhat similar case of hump, where hump-backed is known earlier than hump n. or vb., or hump-back.]
I.
†1. intr. To push, thrust, shove. Also fig. to ‘kick against’ a thing; to show reluctance; to spurn. Obs.
1581R. V. Caluine on Gal. iv. 30. 112 The heritage is saued for vs, howsoeuer bragly they hunche at vs for a time. 1598R. Bernard tr. Terence, Heautont. iv. v. (1607) 215, I will doe thee some good turne..without any hunching [ac lubens]. 1619J. Dyke Caveat (1620) 17 Would we then hunch at a litle bodily paines? 1621Bp. R. Montagu Diatribæ 52 God..will send such curst Cowes short hornes, and keepe them from hurting, though they hunsh. 1658W. Gurnall Chr. in Arm. verse 15. ix. §3 (1669) 145/1 Conscience is as much huncht at, and spighted among sinners, as Joseph was among the Patriarchs.
2. a. trans. To push, shove, thrust. Obs. exc. dial.
1659in Sussex Archæol. Collect. (1864) XVI. 77 [Her husband] Did so hunch and Pincht her, that she Could not Lift her armes to her head. 1668R. L'Estrange Vis. Quev. (1708) 148 Hunching and Justling one another. 1670Covel Diary (Hakluyt Soc.) 204, I have been caryed in when Turkes have been huncht away. 1706Phillips (ed. Kersey), To Hunch one, to give him a thrust with the Elbow. 1712Arbuthnot John Bull iii. iii, Then Jack's friends begun to hunch and push one another. ‘Why don't you go and cut the poor fellow down?’ 1715Lady Cowper Diary (1864) 43 A world of shouldering and hunching People. 1748Richardson Clarissa (1811) II. i. 8 A great overgrown..boy, who would be hunched and punched by everybody. 1755Johnson, Hunch, to strike or punch with the fist. 1806–7J. Beresford Miseries Hum. Life xviii. xii. 136 You are stoutly hunched aside, by the huge carcase of a panting fellow. a1825Forby Voc. E. Anglia, Hunch, to shove; to heave up. 1891‘J. S. Winter’ Lumley the Painter xi. 79 [The dog] hunching his large person heavily against her.
b. To nudge (a person) so as to direct attention to someone. Also fig. U.S.
a1852F. M. Whitcher Widow Bedott Papers (1883) 76 She kept a hunchin' Miss Coon and grinnin'. 1884‘Mark Twain’ Huck. Finn xxv. 246 Then the king he hunched the duke, private. 1906Life 1 Feb. 147 Soon some fellow hunched the Legislature, and then there had to be more or less investigating done.
c. intr. To push or lunge forward. U.S.
1911S. E. White Bobby Orde (1916) xvii. 196 Bending to his task the pusher at the rear dug his toes in, while the others hunched. 1913G. S. Porter Laddie viii. 232 She sat astride the foot log, and hunched along with her hands. 1925C. E. Mulford Cottonwood Gulch xix. 259 They hunched closer, hugging knees under chin.
II.
3. a. trans. To thrust out or up, or bend, so as to form a ‘hunch’ or hump; to compress, bend, or arch convexly. Also without up.
1678Dryden & Lee Œdipus i. 6 Thy crooked mind within hunch'd out thy back. 1738Swift Pol. Conversat. 70, I was hunch'd up in a Hackney-Coach with Three Country Acquaintances. 1858Hughes Scouring White Horse iv. 62 Peter..kept pulling away at his forelock, and hunching up his shoulders. 1863W. E. Forster in T. W. Reid Life (1888) I. 215 Shutting his eyes and hunching himself up on the seat with hands clenched. 1892E. Lawless Grania II. 7 He sat..hunched up, with his knees and his chin together. 1906U. Sinclair Jungle xviii, Hiding his hands in his pockets and hunching his shoulders together. 1906‘K. Howard’ Old Game ii. i. 54 She merely hunched her shoulders, swung on her heel, and marched off.
b. intr. ? To ‘set one's back up’.
1873Miss Thackeray Old Kensington xv. 126 ‘Nonsense’, said G., hunching up sulkily.
▪ II. hunch, n.|hʌn(t)ʃ|
[In sense 1 from hunch v.; in sense 2 app. deduced from hunch-backed. Sense 3 may belong to a distinct word; this, although known only from 1790, is found in vulgar use before 1830 in southern and northern dialects, in the West Indies, and in New England. Cf. also hunk in same sense, exemplified from 1813.]
1. a. The act of ‘hunching’ or pushing; a push, thrust, shove. Obs. exc. dial.
1630J. Taylor (Water P.) Wks. (N.), When he quaffing doth his entrailes wash, 'Tis call'd a hunch, a thrust, a whiffe, a flash. 1768–74Tucker Lt. Nat. (1852) I. 473 Suppose..you should give him a good hunch with your foot. a1825Forby Voc. E. Anglia, Hunch, a lift, or shove.
b. A hint, ‘tip’. (Cf. prec. 2 b.)
1849T. M. Garrett in Amer. Speech (1951) XXVI. 183/1 Another piece [of writing] gave a few hunches to the inexperienced freshman. 1901‘H. McHugh’ John Henry 57 The reason it's so good is because I took my hunch from Rud. Kipling's style. 1922Z. Grey To Last Man ii. 36 All shootin' arms an' such are at a premium in the Tonto... An' I was givin' you a hunch to come loaded.
2. A protuberance; a hump. (As to the late appearance of this see note to hunch v.)
1804W. Tennant Ind. Recreat. (ed. 2) II. 103 The common draught cattle of India are distinguished by..a large hunch, or protuberance, above the shoulders. 1823Scoresby Whale Fishery 36 His back carried a huge hunch. 1828Stark Elem. Nat. Hist. I. 144 Camelus,..back with fleshy hunches. 1833J. Hodgson in Raine Mem. (1858) II. 306 The old birches have on their crooked stems great hunches and wens.
3. A thick or clumsy piece, a lump, a hunk.
1790Grose Provinc. Gloss. (ed. 2), Hunch, a great hunch; a piece of bread. South. 1818M. G. Lewis Jrnl. W. Ind. (1834) 359 Another bit of cold ham..I ordered Cabina to give her a great hunch of it. 1823E. Moore Suffolk Words 180 Hunch, a good big slice, or lump, of bread or meat. 1828Craven Dial., Hunch, a large slice of any thing, as bread and cheese. 1828Webster, Hunch,..2. A lump..as, a hunch of bread; a word in common vulgar use in New-England. 1849James Woodman xxiii, A hunch of ewe⁓milk cheese.
4. A premonition or intuitive feeling that something will happen or may be the case; a presentiment.
1904S. E. White Silent Places xviii. 200 ‘I hope your hunch is a good one,’ replied Dick. 1907R. W. Service Songs of Sourdough (1908) 52 Then you've a haunch [sic] what the music meant. 1918E. M. Roberts Flying Fighter 62 This particular night Fritz had a hunch that somebody was going to pass the place behind the screen. 1926G. D. H. & M. Cole Blatchington Tangle xiii. 97, I had an awful hunch what it was. 1938Brit. Jrnl. Psychol. July 7, I relied not so much on conscious thought, as on what Americans call a ‘hunch’. 1955Times 9 May 5/2 A churchwarden's ‘hunch’ could never be a wholly satisfactory substitute for professional knowledge in regard to the care of churches. 1960M. Spark Ballad of Peckham Rye ii. 14 ‘Only a hunch,’ said Dougal. ‘I may be wrong.’ 1973‘H. Howard’ Highway to Murder viii. 89 My sixth sense told me I'd got myself an extra shadow. That hunch was all I had to go on.
▪ III. hunch, a. dial.
[? f. hunch v.]
That shrivels or pinches (with cold).
a1825Forby Voc. E. Anglia, Hunch-weather, cold weather, which makes men hunch up their shoulders, and animals contract their limbs, and look as if they were hunch-backed. 1897R. E. G. Cole Hist. Doddington 149 They [hops]..suffered from the ‘cold hunch springs’. |