| 释义 |
hyoid, a. and n. Anat.|ˈhaɪɔɪd|
[ad. F. hyoïde (16th c. in Paré), ad. mod.L. hyoïdes, Gr. ὑοειδής, shaped like the letter υ; ὀστοῦν ὑοειδές (also ὑψῑλοειδές), the hyoid bone. Cf. hyo-.]
A. adj.
1. hyoid bone: the tongue-bone or os linguæ, situated between the chin and the thyroid cartilage. In man it is a horseshoe-shaped or U-shaped bone (whence the name) imbedded horizontally in the root of the tongue, with its convexity pointing forwards, and held in place by several ligaments.
In most mammals it is comparatively larger than in man, and is a more complicated and important structure, consisting of several distinct pieces.
1811Hooper Med. Dict. 394/2 Hyoid bone. 1830R. Knox Béclard's Anat. 35 This aperture is..furnished with a branchial membrane supported by rays from the hyoid bone, and an osseous operculum. 1880M. Mackenzie Dis. Throat & Nose I. 4 The cornua of the hyoid bone.
2. Pertaining to the hyoid bone.
hyoid arch, hyoid apparatus, the second visceral arch in Vertebrates, lying between the hyomandibular and hyobranchial clefts.
1842E. Wilson Anat. Vade M. 271 The Hyoid branch passes forwards beneath the thyro-hyoideus. 1854Owen Skel. & Teeth in Circ. Sc., Organ. Nat. I. 185 The hyoid arch is the chief support of the branchial arches and gills. 1870Rolleston Anim. Life Introd. 71 Fish have no salivary gland, and the tongue is only moveable as a part of the hyoid apparatus upon which it is carried.
B. n.
1. The hyoid bone: see A. 1.
[1706Phillips (ed. Kersey), Hyoides, a Bone at the root of the Tongue. 1727–41Chambers Cycl. s.v., The basis of the hyoides is about a thumb's breadth long on the outer side.] 1872Mivart Elem. Anat. xii. 490 His hyoid is a small structure with one pair of cornua, instead of several branchial arches. 1888Rolleston & Jackson Anim. Life 18 The greater cornu of the hyoid.
2. The hyoid artery.
1883H. Gray's Anat. (ed. 10) 340 The hyoid runs along the upper border of the hyoid bone, supplying the muscles attached to it.
Hence hyˈoidal, hyˈoidan adjs. = next.
1852Th. Ross Humboldt's Trav. II. xvii. 70 The bony drum of the hyoidal bone of the araguato. 1888Rolleston & Jackson Anim. Life 93 The embryonic hyoidan cartilage. |