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单词 impure
释义 I. impure, a. (n.)|ɪmˈpjʊə(r)|
[ad. L. impūr-us, f. im- (im-2) + pūrus pure. Cf. F. impur, -e (13th c. in Hatz.-Darm.).]
A. adj.
I.
1. a. Containing some defiling or offensive matter; dirty, unclean.
1597A. M. tr. Guillemeau's Fr. Chirurg. 46 b/1 We then sowe a cleane white Compresse on the impured compresse, and then we draw away the impure compresse from vnder the Fracture.1647Cowley Mistress, Bathing in River v, Thou No priviledge dost know Above th' impurest streams that thither flow.1774Goldsm. Nat. Hist. (1776) I. 170 The impurest fresh water that we know, is that of stagnating pools and lakes.1807Med. Jrnl. XVII. 103 Want of due discrimination between the effects of an impure atmosphere and of contagion.
b. Not pure ceremonially; unhallowed, unclean.
1612–15Bp. Hall Contempl., O.T. xviii. vi, His [God's] only command sanctifies those creatures, which, by a general charge, were legally impure.1662J. Davies tr. Olearius' Voy. Ambass. 204 Their meat..if it happen that any one..should blow or breath upon it, they cast it away as impure.1804W. Tennant Ind. Recreat. (ed. 2) I. 120 An honest man, by touching impure food,..will be degraded.1840Thirlwall Greece liv. VII. 49 The invader, who had touched the hallowed soil with impure feet.1841Lane Arab. Nts. (Rtldg.) 51 Dogs, which, according to the tenets of the Mussulman religion, are impure animals.
2. Not pure morally; defiled by sin; unclean, unchaste; filthy.
a. of persons.
a1536Tindale Expos. Matt. v. 6. 18 Impure and vnclean herted then ar al they that study to breake God's commaundementes.1591Spenser Teares of Muses 120 The wretchednes of world impure.1620Granger Div. Logike 140 It is then more intollerable to serve an impure fellow.1784Cowper Task ii. 751 Jockeys, brothellers impure, Spend⁓thrifts, and booted sportsmen.1818Shelley Rev. Islam x. vi, Those slaves impure, Each one the other thus from ill to ill did lure.
b. of actions or things.
1613Purchas Pilgrimage (1614) 66 Astrologie, which..he defiled with impure Magicke.1667Milton P.L. iv. 746 Defaming as impure what God declares Pure.1780Cowper Progr. Err. 584 The temple of impure delight.1864J. Walker Faithf. Ministry 103 We fill the hearts of others with impure desires.
II.
3. Mixed with or containing some extraneous or foreign matter, esp. of an inferior or baser kind; contaminated, adulterated. a. Of things physical.
1626Bacon Sylva §98 The Oyly, Crude, Pure, Impure, Fine, Grosse Parts of Bodies, and the like.1799G. Smith Laboratory I. 334 In this manner are extracted from roses..the three impure parts, phlegm, water, and earthy residuum.1811Pinkerton Petral. I. 317 Another cove..which affords a greyish impure steatites, spotted with black.1816J. Smith Panorama Sc. & Art II. 370 Impure mercury also soils white paper, and the presence of lead may be detected by agitating the metal with water.1838T. Thomson Chem. Org. Bodies 114 The catechuic acid obtained in this way was still impure.
b. Of things immaterial.
1704Norris Ideal World ii. iii. 179 That [act of the will] may be said to be impure or mixt, partly voluntary, partly involuntary.Ibid. 180, I call that an impure thought, whose object is material or corporeal.1844D. R. Hay Orig. Geom. Diaper Designs 3 Many of the kinds of ornaments called styles being themselves impure, in so far as they are destitute of the first principles of beauty.1894Daily News 6 Mar. 7/4 The testator died..possessed of considerable personal property, the pure personalty amounting to 25,000l., and the impure to 3,500l.1895Holman Hunt ibid. 14 Aug. 6/2 The nation has adopted the impure entanglements of the Art of previous races.
c. Of a language, style, etc.: Containing foreign idioms or grammatical blemishes.
1613Purchas Pilgrimage (1614) 47 By reason of their traffique, it [the language] proved impure there also.1814[implied in impurely].
d. Of a colour: Containing an admixture of some other colour or colours; also said of a spectrum when the colours overlap.
1860Tyndall Glac. ii. i. 227 The rainbow is an imperfect or impure spectrum.1869Fragm. Sc. (1879) I. 115 The sky-blue is gradually rendered impure by the growth of the particles.1882P. G. Tait in Encycl. Brit. XIV. 593/1 The spectrum produced in this way is very impure, i.e., the spaces occupied by the various homogeneous rays overlap one another.1892Nature 22 Sept. 485/1 ‘Impure’..may be an objectionable term to apply to a colour when mixed with white, but..it can only be used in that sense.
B. n. An unchaste or lewd person; a harlot.
1784New Spectator No. 3. 4/2 Balloon hats now adorn the heads of..the parading impures.1825C. M. Westmacott Eng. Spy II. 24 Four fashionable impures.1830H. Ingelo Reminisc. II. 282 The destiny of those unfortunate impures.
Hence imˈpurist, one who is not a purist.
1937V. Woolf Writer's Diary 3 Apr. (1953) 280 The purists and the impurists.1959‘F. Newton’ Jazz Scene vi. 113 The jazz public has always been divided, but before the modernist revolution normally only into ‘purists’ and ‘impurists’.
II. imˈpure, v. Obs.
[f. impure a.]
1. trans. To render impure; to defile.
1597[see impure a. 1].1612–15Bp. Hall Contempl., O.T. xx. iv, One drop of that wicked blood was enough..to impure and spill all the rest.1641Answ. Vind. Smectymnuus 59 To take up gold mislaid in a channell, which could not impure it.1673Caryl Nat. & Princ. Love 46 Sin did impure his whole inner Man.
2. intr. To become impure.
a1618Sylvester Mem. Mortal. lxx, Pure in she [the soul] came, there living she impures And suffers there a thousand woes the while.
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