| 释义 |
▪ I. mango, n.1|ˈmæŋgəʊ|
Pl. mangoes, -gos |ˈmæŋgəʊz|. Forms: 6–7 manga(s, 7 mangue, manggo, mengue, 7– mango(e.
[a. Pg. manga (whence F. mangue, † mengue, mod.L. mang(h)as, the source of some Eng. forms), a. Malay maŋgā, a. Tamil mān-kāy (mān mango-tree + kāy = fruit).]
1. The fruit of Mangifera indica (family Anacardiaceæ), a tree extensively cultivated in India and other tropical countries; it is a fleshy drupe, with more or less of a turpentine flavour; the best kinds are highly esteemed for eating ripe; the green fruit is used for pickles and conserves.
1582N. Lichefield tr. Castanheda's Conq. E. Ind. i. xvi. 42 The one sort of these [fruits] is called Lacas [read Iacas] and the other Mangas. 1598W. Phillip Linschoten i. li. 94 The Mangas is inwardly yealowish, but in cutting it is waterish... The season when Mangas are ripe is in Lent. 1655Terry Voy. E. India 96 Another most excellent Fruit they have, called a Manggo. 1681Dryden Prol., ‘Gallants, a bashful poet’ 28 Mangos and berries, whose nourishment is little, Though not for food, are yet preserved for pickle. 1727Arbuthnot John Bull Postscr. ch. x, How he long'd for Mangos, Spices and Indian Birds-Nests. 1891S. Dickinson in Boston (Mass.) Jrnl. 21 Feb. 5/3 Bananas, pineapples, mangoes, and grenadillos are plentiful in Fiji.
2. The tree producing this fruit.
1678J. Phillips tr. Tavernier's Trav. ii. i. iv. 34 All along the high-way, there grows a vast number of great Trees, which they call Mangues. 1693Phil. Trans. XVII. 683 We have a compleat History of that Pruniferous Tree, called Mango by the English. c1796T. Twining Trav. Amer. (1894) 172 It appears to me that the cajoor-tree of Bengal might be successfully introduced into the Southern States, as also possibly the mango. 1825Gentl. Mag. XCV. i. 318 The mango, with the ‘bread-fruit tree’ was brought here [i.e. Jamaica] from Otaheite, about 30 years ago. 1871Kingsley At Last ii, Handsome houses..embowered in mangos, tamarinds, and palmistes. 1903Pilot 22 Aug. 173/1 Long groves of palm and mango and bamboo.
3. With prefixed word, applied to various other trees and their fruits, as mountain mango, Clusia flava (West Indies); † water-mango (Barbados), some West Indian fruit-tree (see quot. 1700); West India mango, the anchovy pear (Grias cauliflora); wild mango (tree), (a) the bread-tree of Western Africa (Irvingia barteri); (b) = mountain mango; (c) Spondias mangifera of India.
1700Plukenet Mantissa (1769) 126 Manghas aquæ Americana, folio subrotundo, Barbadensibus Water Mangoes dicta. 1774Long Hist. Jamaica III. 810 Anchovy Pear or West India Mango. 1813W. Ainslie Mat. Med. Hindostan 222 Wild Mango. Spondias Mangifera. Lin... This fruit has got its name from its resemblance to a Mango. 1866Treas. Bot. 628/1 The drupaceous fruits of two at least of the three species [of Irvingia] known are edible, and known under the name of Wild Mangos. Ibid. 717/1 Mango..Mountain or Wild, Clusia flava. 1878H. M. Stanley Dark Cont. II. xiii. 365 Wild mango-tree.
4. Cookery. A pickle, esp. of melons or cucumbers, resembling that made of green mangoes. (Cf. mango v.)
1699Evelyn Acetaria App., Mango of Cucumbers. Ibid., To make a Mango with them [i.e. walnuts]. 1728E. S[mith] Compl. Housew. (ed. 2) 59 To make Melon Mangoes. 1828–32Webster, Mango, a green muskmelon pickled. 1845E. Acton Mod. Cookery (ed. 2) 503 The peaches may be converted into excellent mangoes by [etc.]. 1859Bartlett Dict. Amer., Mango. We apply this name to a green musk⁓melon stuffed with horse-radish,..etc., and then pickled.
5. Short for mango-bird, mango-fish.
1819Rees Cycl., Mango, in Ornithology, a species of Trochilus. 1879Rossiter Dict. Sci. Terms, Mango..2. A fish = Polynemus risua.
6. attrib. and Comb., as mango blossom, mango bud, mango-chutney, mango-fruit, mango grove, mango pickle, mango-seed, mango-spray, mango-tree; mango-bird, (a) an oriole (Oriolus kundoo), native of India; (b) a humming-bird (Lampornis mango), native of Jamaica; mango-fish, a golden-coloured fish, Polynemus paradiseus or risua, inhabiting the tropical seas between India and the Malay archipelago; the tupsee; mango-fool, a dish made of mangoes beaten to a pulp and mixed with cream or milk; mango-ginger, the pungent root of an East Indian plant (Curcuma Amada) nearly allied to turmeric; mango-humming-bird, Lampornis mango; mango-showers, ‘used in Madras for showers which fall in March and April, when the mangoes begin to ripen’ (Y.); mango-tope, a grove or plantation of mangoes; mango (tree) trick, an Indian juggling trick in which a mango-tree appears to spring up and bear fruit within an hour or two.
1738E. Albin Nat. Hist. Birds III. 45 This Bird I had by the Name of the *Mango Bird, which I believe to be an imposed Name: It is one of the Humming Birds. 1839Jerdon in Madras Jrnl. X. 262 Oriolus melanocephalus L.—Black headed Mango bird or Oriole.
1841Elphinstone Hist. Ind. I. 289 The languid odour of the *mangoe blossoms.
1861D. Greenwell Poems 104 The *Mango buds grow pale.
1751G. Edwards Nat. Hist. Birds, etc. iv. 208, I believe it is call'd a *Mango-Fish, because it is of the Colour that Fruit bears when ripe. 1835Macaulay in Trevelyan Life (1876) I. 420 We support nature..by means of plenty of eggs, mango-fish, snipe-pies, and frequently a hot beef-steak.
1864Trevelyan Compet. Wallah (1866) 117 Roast kid and mint-sauce, and *mango-fool.
1681R. Knox Hist. Ceylon 1 A Tree the Natives call Ambo, (which bears the *Mango-fruit).
1840Paxton Bot. Dict., *Mango ginger, see Curcuma Amada.
1800Asiat. Ann. Reg., Misc. Tr. 256 A pretty thick *mangoe grove, on the south-west end of the town.
1782Latham Gen. Syn. Birds II. 758 *Mango Humming-Bird.
1699Evelyn Acetaria 22 The *Mango Pickle.
1903Blackw. Mag. Apr. 467/2 A spearhead..shaped like a *mango-seed.
1879E. Arnold Lt. Asia (1889) 37 In the *mango sprays The sun-birds flashed.
1800Asiat. Ann. Reg., Misc. Tr. 200 The *mangoe tope in the middle of the village.
1687A. Lovell tr. Thevenot's Trav. ii. 175 *Mango-Trees. 1698Fryer Acc. E. India & P. 192 Others [Juglers] presented a Mock-Creation of a Mango-Tree.
1888Scientific American 26 May 327/1 The celebrated *Mango tree trick.
1889S. Laing Probl. Future vii. 182 The *mango and other tricks of Indian jugglers.
Add:[6.] mango fly, (a) = mangrove fly s.v. mangrove n.1 3; (b) = tumbu fly n.
1910Castellani & Chalmers Man. Trop. Med. xvi. 424 It has been thought by Manson that the further stages of the life-history will be found in the *mango-fly (Chrysops dimidiatus), but others suspect not merely Tabanidæ, but Glossinæ and Stomoxys. 1962Gordon & Lavoipierre Entomol. for Students of Med. xxxi. 195 Cordylobia anthropophaga, locally known as the ‘tumbu fly’ or ‘mango fly’ is distributed in Africa from Senegal and Ethiopia in the North to Natal in the South. 1972M. Pugh Murmur of Mutiny iii. 21 The heat built up and the high whine of mango flies arose. 1980M. W. Service Guide Med. Entomol. xiii. 114/1 This species [sc. Cordylobia anthropophaga] is known as the tumbu or mango fly and is found only in Africa. 1987C. R. Schull Common Med. Probl. in Tropics xxxii. 367/1 The adult produces microfilaria which circulate in the blood. These infect Chrysops (‘mango’ or ‘softly-softly’ flies) which then give the infection back to man.
▪ II. † ˈmango, n.2 Obs. rare—1.
[a. L. mango.]
A slave dealer.
1601B. Jonson Poetaster iii. i, And your fat Foole there, my Mango, bring him too [cf. supra, You mangonizing slave].
▪ III. mango, n.3|ˈmængəʊ|
(See quot.)
1870J. W. Slater Man. Colours 114 Mango, a name given in the linen districts of Ireland to bleaching-powder and bleaching liquor.
▪ IV. † ˈmango, v. Cookery. Obs.
[f. mango n.1]
trans. To pickle as green mangoes are pickled.
1728E. Smith Compl. Housew. (ed. 2) 63 To mango Cucumbers. Cut a little Slip out of the side of the Cucumber [etc.]. |