| 释义 |
▪ I. pageant, n.|ˈpædʒənt, ˈpeɪ-|
Forms: α. 4–6 pagyn, (6 pagen, -eon, padgin, -ion, paidgion, Sc. padȝ(e)ane, -yan) 6–7 pagin. β. 5 pagend(e, (padzhand, pachand, paiande, pageunt, pajant, padgeant, -iant, pacent, pachent), 5–6 pagent, 6 pageaunt, (-ia(u)nt, -ient, -y(a)nt, pageyond, paia(u)nt, -auntt, Sc. padȝand), 6–7 pageante, (7 paygend, pagiente), 5– pageant.
[Late ME. pagyn, padgin, etc., in contemporary Anglo-Latin, pagina; subseq. with accrescent -t or -d, as in ancient, etc.: see -ant3. Origin and history obscure: see Note below.]
1. a. A scene acted on the stage; spec. one scene or act of a mediæval mystery play. Obs. exc. Hist.
c1380Wyclif Wks. (1880) 206 He þat kan best pleie a pagyn [v.r. pagent] of þe devyl..schal haue most þank of pore & riche. 14..Cov. Myst. Prol. (passim) Pagent. 1427–8Coventry Leet Bk. lf. 45 b, The smythes of Coventre..shewen..how thei were discharged of the cotelers pachand be a lete in the tyme of Iohn Gote then meire. 1457Ibid. 173 b, She [Q. Margaret] sygh then alle the pagentes pleyde save domesday, which myght not be pleyde for lak of day. 1467in Eng. Gilds (1870) 372 That v. pageunts be hadd amonge the craftes. 1468J. Paston jr. in Lett. II. 317 Many pagentys wer pleyed in hyr wey in Bryggys to hyr welcomyng. 1500–20Dunbar Poems xxvi. 109 Than cryd Mahoun for a Heleand padȝane [v.r. padȝeane]. 1523Skelton Garl. Laurel 1383 Of paiauntis that were played in Ioyous Garde. 1530Palsgr. 250/2 Pagiant in a playe, mistere. 1548Udall, etc. Erasm. Par. Mark 21 a, I haue rehersed vnto thee..the persons of this scene or pageaunte. a1603T. Cartwright Confut. Rhem. N.T. (1618) 477 As they haue multiplyed the number of their Stages, so thus they multiply their pagins and parts. 1641Milton Animadv. (1851) 213 His former transition was in the faire about the Jugglers, now he is at the Pageants among the Whifflers. 1801Strutt Sports & Past. iii. ii. 137 The prologue..contains the argument of the several pageants, or acts, that constitute the piece. 1828Scott F.M. Perth xx, The morris-dancers..again played their pageant.
b. fig. The part acted or played by any one in an affair, or in the drama of life; performance; esp. in to play one's pageant, to act one's part. Obs. or arch.
c1380Wyclif Serm. Sel. Wks. I. 129 Þes pagyn playen þei þat hiden þe treuþe of Goddis lawe. 1470–85Malory Arthur x. lxxix, How now, said Launcelot vnto Arthur, yonder rydeth a knyght that playeth his pagents. 1478Sir J. Paston in P. Lett. III. 235 As ffor the pagent..the Erle off Oxenforde hathe pleyid atte Hammys..he lyepe the wallys, and wente to the dyke, and in to the dyke to the chynne. a1529Skelton Death Edw. IV 85, I have played my pageyond, now am I past. 1548Udall, etc. Erasm. Par. Matt. vi. 44 Ye must not playe your pageant in the sight of menne. 1574Studeley (title) The Pageant of Popes, contayninge the lyues of all the Bishops of Rome..to the Yeare of Grace 1555..written in Latin by Maister Bale [etc.]. 1878Browning Poets Croisic lxiii, We must play the pageant out.
†c. A part acted to deceive or impose upon any one; a trick. to play one a pageant, to play him a trick, to impose upon or deceive him. Obs.
c1380Wyclif Wks. (1880) 99 In þis manere þei pleien þe pagyn of scottis; for as scottis token þe skochen of armes of seynt george & here-bi traieden englischemen, so þes anticristis prelatis taken name & staat of cristis apostlis. 1530Palsgr. 658/2 He had thought to playe me a pagent, il me cuyda donner le bout. 1582Stanyhurst æneis i. (Arb.) 22 This spightful pageaunt of his owne syb Iuno remembring [Nec latuere doli fratrem Iunonis et iræ]. 1607R. C[arew] tr. Estienne's World of Wonders 88 This pageant was plaid by a Hollander.
†d. A scene represented on tapestry, or the like.
1557More's Wks. {fatpara}ij b, Mayster Thomas More in his youth deuysed in hys fathers house in London, a goodly hangyng of fyne paynted clothe, with nyne pageauntes, and verses ouer euery of those pageauntes: which verses..declared what the ymages in those pageauntes represented.
2. a. A stage or platform on which scenes were acted or tableaux represented; esp. in early use, the movable structure or ‘carriage’, consisting of stage and stage machinery (machine n. 6), used in the open air performances of the mystery plays. Obs. exc. Hist.
[1392–3Cartulary of St. Mary's, Coventry lf. 85 b (in Sharp Diss. Cov. Myst. 66), Domum pro le pagent pannariorum Coventre.] 1450Coventry Smith's Acct. (Ibid. 20) Spend to bryng the pagent in-to gosford-stret vd. 1453Ibid. 15 Þe kepers of the craft shall let bring forth þe pajant & find clothys that gon abowte þe pajant, and find russhes þerto. 1483Cath. Angl. 266/1 A Paiande, lusorium. 1500in York Myst. Introd. 35 The cartwryghts [are] to make iiij new wheles to the pagiaunt. 1535Covent. Weavers' Accts., Paid to the wryght for mendyng the pagent iijs. ijd. a1595Archd. Rogers in Sharp Diss. 17 The maner of these playes weare, euery company had his pagaint, or parte, which pageants weare a high scafolde with 2 rowmes, a higher and a lower, vpon 4 wheeles. 1691tr. Emilianne's Frauds Romish Monks (ed. 3) 344 Judith was one of the most beautiful young Women of Italy, and..round about her (upon the same Frame or Pageant) they had placed..Musicians. 1698Fryer Acc. E. India & P. 44 On a Pageant over-against the Pagod they had a Set of Dancers handed like Puppits, to the amusing of the Mobile. 1739Cibber Apol. (1756) II. 155 Pageants, that is, stages erected in the open street, were part of the entertainment. 1825T. Sharp Diss. Pageants Coventry 20 It is evident that the ‘scaffolds’ were placed upon wheels, and moved with the Pageant, to which it probably was attached. 1954Oxf. Jun. Encycl. XII. 261/1 Each guild was usually responsible for one play, which was performed on a special two-decker waggon called a Pageant. 1960Beckson & Ganz Reader's Guide to Lit. Terms (1961) 153 The pageant was built on wheels. 1974S. J. Kahrl Trad. Medieval Eng. Drama ii. 36 What distinguishes the pageants referred to in this procession from the stages otherwise described is that the structures for the Jesse tree, for St John and St Edward, the four Cardinal Virtues, and the censing angels..are all built around permanent architectural features.
†b. A piece of stage machinery; also a mechanical contrivance or machine generally. Obs.
1519W. Horman Vulg. 238 Of all the crafty and subtyle paiantis and pecis of warke made by mannys wyt, to go or moue by them selfe, the clocke is one of the beste. 1611Florio, Pegma, a frame or pageant, to rise, mooue, or goe it selfe with vices. a1719Addison (J.), The poets contrived the following pageant or machine for the pope's entertainment; a huge floating mountain, that was split in the top in imitation of Parnassus. 1861Wright Ess. Archæol. II. xxi. 173 Pageant—a word..subsequently in general use to denote stage machinery of all kinds.
3. A tableau, representation, allegorical device, or the like, erected on a fixed stage or carried on a moving car, as a public show; any kind of show, device, or temporary structure, exhibited as a feature of a public triumph or celebration. dumb pageant = dumb show. Obs. exc. Hist.
(This sense, in which ‘scene’ and ‘stage’ are combined, may have been the intermediate link between 1 and 2.)
[1432Let. in Munim. Gildh. (Rolls) III. App. 459 Parabatur machina, satis pulchra, in cujus medio stabat gigas miræ magnitudinis..ex utroque latere ipsius gigantis in eadem pagina erigebantur duo animalia vocata ‘antelops’.] 1511Sir R. Guylforde Pilgr. (Camden) 8 Bytwene euery of the pagentis went lytill children..gloryously and rychely dressyd. 1533Coronation Q. Anne in Arb. Garner II. 47 A rightly costly pageant of Apollo with the Nine Muses among the mountains. Ibid., A sumptuous and costly pageant in manner of a castle wherein was fashioned a heavenly roof and under it upon a green was a root or stock, whereout sprang a multitude of white and red roses [etc.]. 1560J. Daus tr. Sleidane's Comm. 330 At Millan..were set up..triumphant arkes, pageons, and images, with honourable posies written. 1611Cotgr., Pegmate, a stage, or frame whereon Pageants be set, or carried. 1642Rogers Naaman 55 To stand as a dumb pageant, without salutation. 1706Phillips, Pageant, a triumphal Chariot or Arch, or other pompous Device usually carry'd about in Publick Shews. a1745in Swift's Lett. (1768) IV. 27 You would have put me to an additional expence, by having a raree-shew (or pageant) as of old, on the lord-mayor's day. Mr. Pope and I were thinking to have a large machine carried through the city, with a printing-press, author, publishers, hawkers, devils, &c. and a satirical poem printed and thrown from the press to the mob. 1875A. W. Ward Eng. Dram. Lit. (1899) I. 145 Those pageants, in the generally accepted later and narrower use of the term, which consisted of moving shows devoid of either action or dialogue, or at least only employing the aid of these incidentally, by way of supplementing and explaining the living figures or groups of figures brought before the eyes of the spectators.
4. fig.
a. Something which is a mere empty or specious show without substance or reality.
1608Chapman Byron's Conspir. Plays 1873 II. 239 With⁓out which love and trust; honor is shame; A very Pageant, and a propertie. 1635Quarles Embl. i. ix. (1718) 37 Think ye the Pageants of your hopes are able To stand secure on earth, when earth itself's unstable? 1781Gibbon Decl. & F. (1869) II. xxxviii. 396 It was a name, a shadow, an empty pageant. 1818Jas. Mill Brit. India II. v. ii. 354 The sovereign, divested of all but the name of king, sinks into an empty pageant.
b. ? A specious tribute or token.
1750Johnson Let. to Printer Gen. Advert. 3 Apr. in Boswell Life, Many, who would, perhaps, have contributed to starve him when alive, have heaped expensive pageants upon his grave.
5. a. A brilliant or stately spectacle arranged for effect; esp. a procession or parade with elaborate spectacular display; a showy parade.
1805Southey Madoc in W. xv, Embroider'd surcoats and emblazon'd shields,..Made a rare pageant, as with sound of trump, Tambour and cittern, proudly they went on. 1820W. Irving Sketch Bk. I. 299 Few pageants can be more stately and frigid than an English funeral in town. 1852Tennyson Ode Wellington iii, Lead out the pageant sad and slow,..Let the long long procession go. 1855Prescott Philip II, I. i. ii. 17 The glittering pageant entered the gates of the capital. 1868Freeman Norm. Conq. II. vii. 6 The consecration of a King was then not a mere pageant.
b. A spectacular representation (usually in the form of a procession) of scenes or events belonging to the past history of a place.
1883D. Cook On Stage I. x. 219 In the pantomime season, or whenever any great pageant or spectacle is to be produced, these plots are of prodigious extent. 1905To-day 7 June 180/2 The inhabitants are preparing a pageant. 1908Westm. Gaz. 1 Oct. 2/3 On the sixth of these [days]..there will be presented a historical pageant. 1939W. Ward Theatre for Children xiii. 248 Many play⁓grounds end their season with a festival or pageant in which every group has some part. 1970Burton & Lane New Directions iii. 78 A great many pageants have been so gruesome—Merrie Englande with rain—the form has earned itself a bad reputation. 1977K. O'Hara Ghost of T. Penry xvii. 173 It was that charity pageant the old mistress put on up Kelletts one year. She needed a robe for an archbishop..when they were acting a crowning.
6. a. attrib. passing into adj. Of or acting in a pageant; stage-, puppet-; specious.
1659Parl. Speech Other Ho. 4 To these we are to stand bare, whilst their pageant stage Lordships daign to give us a conference upon their Breeches. 1701Lond. Gaz. No. 3758/3 We will..Assist Your Majesty against the French King, his Pageant Prince of Wales, and all others. 1736Hervey Mem. I. 73 France and England the pageant mediators in a quarrel..which was made up without their privity. c1800H. K. White Poet. Wks. (1837) 36 The pageant insects of a glittering hour. 1868J. H. Blunt Ref. Ch. Eng. I. 55 Campeggio was made to feel that he was a mere pageant-legate.
b. Comb., as pageant cart, pageant drama, pageant-master, pageant-play, pageant-plot, pageant stage, pageant-tableau, pageant vehicle, pageant wagon, pageant-wheel; pageant-like, pageant-loving adjs.; pageant-car, the car which carried, or served as, a stage for acting in the open air; † pageant-house, the house in which the stage and properties for the play were kept; † pageant-idol, an idol which is a mere ‘vain show’; † pageant-money, -pence, -silver, money contributed for the mystery-play; pageant-thing, a thing that is a mere ‘vain show’, an idol.
1893G. S. Tyack in Andrews Bygone Warwick. 66 The stages of the *pageant-cars.
1974S. J. Kahrl Trad. Medieval Eng. Drama ii. 39 Such structures occupy space, as they do in pictures of continental *pageant carts. 1975P. Happé Eng. Mystery Plays 27 The civic records of York and Chester show that the plays were performed on pageant carts.
1953Travel Apr. 36/2 This spectacular *pageant-drama is a civic non⁓profit enterprise of the twin cities of Hemet and San Jacinto in Riverside County, California. 1974Encycl. Brit. Macropædia XIII. 862/1 The pageant dramas of the West have tended to be largely open-air performances given in front of mass audiences.
1420in York Plays Introd. 36 Le *pagent-howse pellipariorum. 1531Order of Leet in Sharp Cov. Myst. (1825) 43 A pagiaunt, with the pagiaunt house & playing geire. 1626in York Myst. Introd. 36 Of the skinners for the pageante howse farme yerely due, xijd.
1696Tate & Brady Ps. xcvii. 7 All who of *Pageant-Idols boast.
1933R. Tuve Seasons & Months i. 41 A *pageant-like processional march of familiar figures. 1973M. Amis Rachel Papers 215 I've included a break-down of one of your more pageant-like essays.
1899Academy 12 Aug. 157/1 He provided ‘Trionfi’ for the delight of a *pageant-loving folk.
1479in York Myst. Introd. 41 To chuse searchers and *pageant master. 1937Auden Spain 11 Tomorrow the hour of the pageant-master and the musician. 1963Times 17 Apr. 13/3 Miss Gwen Lally, O.B.E., pageant master, play producer, and lecturer, died on Sunday. 1977Daily Tel. 23 June 18 Pageantmaster to Hammersmith & Fulham Silver Jubilee Committee.
1525in Sharp Weaver's Pageant 20 Rec. of the masters for the *pagynt⁓money xvjs. iiijd.
1551–2in Sharp Diss. Cov. Myst. 22 Reseyved of the craft for *pagent pencys iiis. 4d.
1607Middleton Your Five Gallants ii. i, Some *pageant-plot, or some device for the tilt-yard.
1492in York Myst. Introd. 23 note, *Paiaunt silver.
1974S. J. Kahrl Trad. Medieval Eng. Drama ii. 34 The most usual event which called for the erection of *pageant stages in the street was a royal entry.
1696Tate & Brady Ps. cxv. 6 The *Pageant-thing has Ears and Nose, But neither hears nor smells.
1825T. Sharp Diss. Pageants Coventry 18 The different Companies Accounts..refer to the *Pageant vehicles.
1932T. W. Stevens Theatre vii. 61 The *pageant wagon, interesting in itself, was a sterile device. 1958A. C. Cawley Wakefield Pageants p. xxvi, A pageant-wagon with the superstructure of a ship, would have provided a strong scenic attraction for the Processus Noe. 1974S. J. Kahrl Trad. Medieval Eng. Drama ii. 37 Nor, when we come to visualize the early pageant wagons as opposed to the fixed pageant stages, are we helped by the nature of the surviving evidence.
1584in Sharp Cov. Myst. (1825) 38 Payde for sope for the *pagent wheles iiijd.
[Note. The word in the preceding senses is known only in English, and in the Anglo-Latin pāgina. The two main early senses were ‘scene displayed on a stage’, and ‘stage on which a scene is exhibited or acted’. The relative order of these is not certain; but, so far as instances have been found, the sense ‘scene’ appears first. The Anglo-L. pāgina is in form identical with the known ancient L. pāgina leaf (of a book), page n.2; and it is noteworthy that from pāgina French had, beside the popularly descended page, a literary form pagine, pagene, ‘page of a book’, which also came into Eng. in the forms pagine, pagyn(e, pagen, and even (in 15th c.) pagent, forms which are identical with some of those of pageant. There is thus no difficulty so far as concerns form in identifying pāgina ‘pageant’ with pāgina, pagine, pagyn, pagent, ‘leaf’ or ‘page’. And it is easy to conceive how the sense ‘page’ or ‘leaf’ of a MS. play, might have passed into that of ‘scene’ or ‘act’; but direct evidence connecting the two has not been found. On the other hand, some, who take ‘stage’ as the earlier sense, have suggested for pāgina a possible passage of sense from ‘tablet or slab (for inscription)’ to ‘board’, and so to ‘stage’; or have seen in the 14–15th c. Anglo-Latin pāgina a more or less independent formation from the stem pag- of L. pangĕre to fix, cognate with L. compāges, compāgo, compāgina ‘fixing together’, ‘joining’, compāginata ‘fixed together’ (whence perh. ‘framework’); or have thought it a representative, in some way, of L. pēgma, Gr. πῆγµα ‘a framework fastened or joined together’, spec. ‘a movable stage or scaffold used in theatres’. This last exactly gives the sense of pāgina, ‘pageant’; and not only has Du Cange examples of med.L. pēgma as ‘a wooden machine on which statues are placed’, but Cotgrave has F. pegmate ‘a stage or frame whereon Pageants be set or carried’. Thus it is indisputable that ‘pageant’ in the sense ‘stage’ would exactly render L. pēgma, and it is further true that the stem pag- of pāgina is cognate with πηγ- of πῆγµα; but of any actual historical relation between the forms of these words, or any passage of pēgma into pāgina in med.L., there is no trace. It had been supposed that an earlier Anglo-L. example of pāgina, in a sense like ‘boarding’, existed in the final paragraph of the 12th or 13th c. treatise of Alexander Neckham De Utensilibus, printed (very inaccurately) in T. Wright's Vol. of Vocabularies 1857, pp. 96–119, from MS. Cott. Titus D. 20, lf. 48 b, where Wright has ‘ut lingnum hujus pagine forti aderat tegminibus’; but the actual reading of the MS. is ‘ut lingnum hic compagine forti ad[h]ereat tegminibus’; so that the supposed pāgina ‘boarding’ has no existence.]
▪ II. pageant, v.|ˈpædʒənt, ˈpeɪ-|
[f. prec.]
†1. trans. To imitate as in a pageant or play; to mimic. Obs. rare.
1606Shakes. Tr. & Cr. i. iii. 151 With ridiculous and aukward action, (Which Slanderer, he imitation call's) He Pageants vs.
2. To carry about as a show or in a procession.
1641Milton Reform. i. (1851) 4 Even that Feast of love and heavenly-admitted fellowship..became the subject of horror, and glouting adoration, pageanted about, like a dreadfull Idol. 1660― Free Commw. Wks. (1851) 429 To pageant himself up and down in Progress among the perpetual bowings and cringings of an abject People.
3. To honour with a pageant.
1891Murray's Mag. Oct. 599 She who once pageanted with sumptuous pomp victorious Doges returning trophy⁓laden.
Hence pageanting vbl. n., display of pageantry.
1873Masson Drumm. of Hawth. iv. 54 One may guess the amount of pageanting, banqueting, and speechifying. |