| 释义 |
Polovtsy, n. pl., collect.|pəʊˈlɒvtsɪ|
Also Polovtsi, Polovtzi, Polovzi.
[Russ.]
A union of the nomad tribes belonging to the Kipchak Turks, which inhabited the steppes between the Danube and the Volga in the 11th–13th centuries. So Poloˈvetsian, Poˈlovtsian a., of or pertaining to these people or their language; also as n.
1799W. Tooke View Russ. Empire III. xi. ii. 581 The trade of the Krimea was heretofore uncommonly gainful and extensive; for, in the eleventh century, when a part of this peninsula fell under the dominion of the Polovtzi, better known from the byzantine history under the appellation of the Romanians, they granted the Genoese..the permission to erect warehouses. 1803H. Card Hist. Revolutions of Russia 64 The Polovtsi took the imprudent resolution of observing a strict neutrality. Ibid. 66 One of the Polovtsian princes..demanded and received the sacrament of baptism. 1878Encycl. Brit. VIII. Pl. XII. opp. p. 715, Cumanians or Polovzians. 1885Ibid. XIX. 286/1 He entered Kieff with the Polovtzi as his auxiliaries. Ibid. 410/2 As early as 988 the Russians erected several towns on the Sula and Trubezh for their protection against the Petchenegs and Polovtsy, who held the south-eastern steppes. 1938Oxf. Compan. Mus. 750/2 Igor may go free if he will not make war on the Polovtsy again. 1954Grove's Dict. Mus. (ed. 5) I. 821/1 Toward the end of 1874 Borodin's interest in ‘Igor’ was revived; the ‘Polovtsian March’ was composed, and in the following summer the famous dances. 1965N. Poppe Introd. Altaic Linguistics 72 Kuman (Polovetsian, called so after the Russian name for Kumans) is also a Middle Turkic language. It was spoken in the XII–XVI centuries by Turkic nomads in Southern Russia, including the Crimea, and parts of Central Asia, and also by turkicized Armenians in the XV–XVIII centuries... There are no speakers of Kuman at the present time. 1968M. Guybon tr. Solzhenitsyn's First Circle I. 308 Half Polovtsian by blood, Prince Igor was for years an ally of the Polovtsians. 1973R. C. Howes Tale of Campaign of Igor 2 The Polovetsians (called Polovtsy, Cumans, or Kipchak Turks) had been moving into the steppes north of the Black Sea since the 1050s. Ibid. 3 The organization of two Polovetsian political units in the steppes..also boded ill for Kiev. 1974T. Szamuely Russian Tradition i. ii. 13 The Kievan state had been engaged in perpetual warfare since its foundation. Khazars, Pechenegs, Polovtsy—one wave followed the other. |