| 释义 |
▪ I. rounder|ˈraʊndə(r)|
[f. round n.1 and v.1]
I.
1. One who goes round, in special senses: †a. One who goes the round of a watch or sentinels; esp. Mil., an officer or soldier of the round. Obs.
1624T. Lushington Serm. i. 41 In our modern Wars..sometime the Rounder will clap a musket-shot through a sleepy head. 1650R. Elton Art Mil. (1659) 188 Severall Rounders..are..to admonish the Sentinels (in case of neglect). 1672Venn Mil. & Mar. Discipl. 5 And upon his return there are four other Rounders to be sent twice in a night, to discover round the quarters. 1770Gentl. Mag. XL. 369 The boundary of the dockyard..visited once if not oftener in the night by the Rounders (those who have the immediate superintending of the watchmen).
b. A Methodist local preacher.
1820Polwhele Introd. to Lavington's Enthus. Meth. & Papists p. lxxxviii, Many..prefer..even the Rounder, whether male or female,..to the accredited and licensed Minister. 1893‘Q.’ Delect. Duchy 116 On Sundays he..became a Rounder, or Methodist local preacher.
c. = roundsman 1.
1896in Eng. Dial. Dict.
d. N. Amer. One who makes the round of prisons, workhouses, drinking saloons, etc.; a habitual criminal, loafer, or drunkard. Also transf.
1854Congress Globe 33rd Congress 1st Sess. App. 1220/3 I have always found him a very kind and agreeable man—what the ‘rounders’ in New York would term a ‘glover’. 1879A. Daly Let. 20 Oct. in J. F. Daly Life A. Daly (1917) xxi. 330 [We] are old ‘rounders’ and familiar with the voice, gait and peculiarities of most of the actors and actresses on the American stage. 1884[see repeater 5 b]. 1891Boston (Mass.) Jrnl. 7 July 2/4 The regular rounders who are beginning to receive long sentences under the new drunkenness law. 1894Outing XXIV. 440/2 A gay young bravo, one of New York's many ‘rounders’, or all-nighters. 1920C. Sandburg Smoke & Steel 51 A rounder leered confidential. 1935Z. N. Hurston Mules & Men (1970) i. iv. 93 ‘What make de rooster crow every morning at sun-up?’ ‘Dat's to let de pimps and rounders know de workin' man is on his way.’ 1943W. H. Chase Sourdough Pot v. 24 [She] possessed all the earmarks of a ‘rounder’—the evidence of much dissipation was remarkably developed. 1962‘K. Orvis’ Damned & Destroyed iv. 29 An all-night dive patronized by cheap women and rounders and drunks. 1975Globe & Mail (Toronto) 7 Oct. 4/5 He agreed that rounders—a term used to describe criminals whose haunts include hotels in the Jarvis Street–Dundas Street area of Toronto—have a great fear they will be seen talking to the police.
e. U.S. slang. (See quot. 1903.)
1881Bradstreet's 29 Jan. 51/4 The ‘rounder’ in alms⁓taking is headed off. 1903Charities 3 Oct. 283 The class of persons known as ‘rounders’, people who go from one hospital to another seeking advice and treatment, a species of medical mendicants.
f. U.S. slang. A transient railway worker.
1908Casey Jones (song) in Railroad Man's Mag. May 764/1 Come all you rounders, for I want you to hear The story told of an engineer, Casey Jones was the rounder's name, A heavy right-wheeler of a mighty fame. 1939F. J. Lee Casey Jones 287 The word ‘rounder’ as applied to Casey must be taken as a light, affectionate appellation. 1961Listener 24 Aug. 270/2 His was a six-pipe job whose moans sent every coloured ‘rounder’ from Chicago to New Orleans into ecstasies.
2. a. pl. A game, played with bat and ball between two sides, in which each player endeavours to hit and send the ball as far away as he can, and to run to a base or right round the course without being struck by the fielded ball.
For a full description of the game see Gomme Trad. Games (1898) II. 145–6.
1828W. Clarke Boy's Own Book (ed. 2, London) 20 Rounders. In the west of England this is one of the most favourite sports with bat and ball... In Rounders, the players divide into two equal parties, and chance decides which shall have the first innings. 1854Dickens Let. 12 July (1938) II. 566 The keeping up of a ‘home’ at rounders. 1856Stonehenge Brit. Rural Sports 500/1 Rounders, besides an ordinary field, requires only a ball and a stick resembling a common rolling-pin. 1862Dublin Univ. Mag. I. 642 What schoolboy has not played rounders in his youth? 1894Sir J. D. Astley 50 Years Life I. 7 Rounders and marbles were our principal amusements. 1939Bull. N.Y. Public Libr. Apr. 303 Is baseball an offshoot of rounders? 1969I. & P. Opie Children's Games 5 At Sedgley Park School in Staffordshire, about 1805, the boys were content with Kites, Marloes (marbles),..Rounders,..and even with ‘playing horses’. 1977Cleethorpes News 27 May 18/1 In addition to exploring the mines, they played rounders among the sheep on the hillside.
b. A complete run at the game of rounders.
1856Stonehenge Brit. Rural Sports 501/1 When only one of the side is left in, the others being all put out, he may call for ‘three fair hits for the rounder’. 1898A. B. Gomme Trad. Games II. 146 When a complete rounder is obtained, the player has the privilege of..counting the rounder to the credit of his side.
3. A round of thanks, applause, etc.
1882Blackmore Christowell II. xv. 299 Mrs. Cork..was off, amid a rounder of ‘Thank'e, ma'am; thank'e’.
4. A round blow.
1883Reade in Harper's Mag. Dec. 132/1 The carter,..while endeavoring a tremendous rounder,..received a dazzler with the left.
II.
5. A round tower. Cf. roundel 8 a.
1774T. Pennant Tour in Scotl. & Voy. Hebrides 1772 I. 99 On each side the gateway..are two rounders. 1782Pennant Journ. Chester to London 11 A strong wall fortified with round towers... Some of the walls, and about six or seven rounders, still exist.
6. A round oath.
1885Mrs. C. Praed Head Station I. vii. 120 Though we can all swear a rounder in the stockyard or on the drafting camp.
III. 7. slang. One who rounds on others.
1884Good Words June 399/2 ‘Rounders’—that is, informers—..will quietly give ‘the tip’ to a detective.
8. One who rounds any kind of work; esp. in shoemaking (see quot. 1893).
1881Instructions Census Clerks (1885) 40 Bookbinding:..Rounder. Ibid. 45 Needle Maker:..Rounder. Ibid. 76 Boot and Shoe Making:..Rounder and all Rounder. 1889Daily News 23 Dec. 2/6 The manufacturers determined..to suspend clickers, machinists, and rough stuff cutters, and the rounders and finishers. 1893Labour Comm. Gloss., Rounders, a country expression for the youths in the boot and shoe industry who cannot be trusted to cut the best materials, and who therefore cut such materials as common outsides, fittings, and linings. In London they are termed improvers.
9. a. A kind of boring-tool.
1839Ure Dict. Arts 966 The boring tools are represented in the following figures:—..10. The rounder. 1869Greenwell Mine Engin. 139 The rounder resembles a bèche externally, but it is solid and well steeled at the bottom. 1894Heslop Northumbld. Gloss., Rounder, a boring tool used for breaking or cutting off any projection which may have occurred in the hole.
b. A tool by which a rounded form is given to something.
1846Holtzapffel Turning II. 642 A rod of wood..reduced to a cylinder by a rounder or witchet. 1875Knight Dict. Mech. 1994/2 Rounder,..a plane used by wheelwrights for rounding off tenons.
10. Phonetics. A sign used to indicate the rounding of a vowel.
1888Sweet Hist. Eng. Sounds 2 When a mid vowel is formed with the rounding of a high vowel, it is said to be over-rounded, which is denoted by adding the ‘rounder’.
11. Newfoundland. Small unsplit cod, freq. eaten as a delicacy.
1908C. W. Townsend Along Labrador Coast v. 132 The very small cod are not boned, but are salted whole. These are called ‘leggies’ or ‘rounders’. 1966A. R. Scammell My Newfoundland 32 School fees could not be put on the account and the schoolmaster wouldn't accept fish, tomcods or rounders. Ibid. 91 When the last rounder was aboard he gave a quizzical glance at the sun. 1974National Geogr. Mag. Jan. 129/2 We dined sumptuously on native dishes..‘rounders’ (baby cod, salted and dried whole like kippers, and boiled for breakfast).
▪ II. rounder
see roundure. |