| 释义 |
▪ I. crame, n.1 Sc.|kreɪm|
Forms: 5– crame; also 6 craym, creame, 8 creme, 9 craim, cream, kraim, krame.
[Adopted in 15th c. Sc. from MDu. (Flem.), or MLG. krâme, kraeme, krâm, kraem, in mod.Du. kraam, LG. kraam, krâm, tent, booth, stall, stock of wares. A word common to continental WGer.: cf. OFris., EFris. krâm (WFris. kream, Wang. krôm); OHG. chram, cram masc., MHG. krâm m., krâme f., Ger. krâm m. dial., krame m., f. The original sense is shown by OHG. to be ‘tent-covering, awning’. In the transferred sense ‘wares, merchandise, toys’ the word went with German traders to the north (Icel., Norw., Sw., Da. kram n.), and into Slavonic and Lithuanian (Pol. kram, Boh. krâm, Illyr. krama, Lith. krômas), and prob. entered Scotland in a similar way. There is no trace of it in Gothic, or in OE.]
1. A booth or stall where goods are sold in a market or fair. (In common use in Sc.)
1477Jas. III Charter in W. Maitland Hist. Edin. i. i. (1753) 8 The Cramys of Chapmen. 1531Edin. Council Regul. in R. Chambers Tradit. Edin. (1846) 307 Ony maner of burdis or cramis to sell siklyke stuff. 1692Acts of Sederunt 29 Feb. (Jam.), If they make any merchandise privily in a shop or crame. 1794Statist. Acc. Scot. X. 207 (Lessuden, Roxb.) (Jam.) Booths, (or as they are here called, craims) containing hardware and haberdashery goods, are erected..at the fare. 1808J. Mayne Siller Gun iv. 137 Kraims, tents, and stands were swept away. 1881Macgregor Hist. Glasgow xiii. 113 Freemen whose ‘crames’ might stand opposite their own doors. 1884Harrison Oure Tounes Colledge ii. 41 The ‘Old Kirk’ is barnacled round with ‘krames’.
†2. A pack or bundle of goods carried about for sale; a pedlar's stock of wares. Obs.
1560Aberdeen Reg. V. 24 (Jam.) To help him to ane craym, that he may trawell to win his lifing in the cuntray. 1597Skene De Verb. Sign. s.v. Pede pulverosus, Ane pedder, is called an marchand, or creamer, quha bearis ane pack or creame vpon his back. a1706Mare of Collington in J. Watson Collect. Sc. Poems (1706) I. 40 Oft have I turst your hether crame.
3. Comb., as crame-folk; crame-ware [Ger. kramwaare], goods sold in a crame.
1701J. Brand Descr. Zetland 131 (Jam.) Set up booths or shops, where they sell..several sorts of creme ware, as linen, muslin, etc.
▪ II. † crame, n.2 north. dial. Obs.
[cf. Du. kram cramp, cramp-iron, hook.]
1614–5Vestry Bks. (Surtees) 165 Pd. for iron crames for the Church coffins.
▪ III. † crame, v. north. dial. Obs.
[cf. Du. and dial. Ger. krammen to fasten with cramps, f. Du. kram cramp, hook, fastening.]
trans. To fasten or mend with cramps or hold-fasts.
1614Vestry Bks. (Surtees) 165 Pd for craminge our church leades with iron, viij d. 1667Ibid. 223 For crameing the shovell, 2 d. |