cressn.

Brit.

/krɛs/, U.S.

/krɛs/

Forms: Old English cresse, cerse, cærse, Old English–1500s kerse, Middle English carse, crasse, kers, cres, Middle English–1700s cresse, 1500s kars, 1500s–1600s karsse, 1500s– cress. Plural Old English cressan, Middle English cressen; Middle English–1500s kersis, Middle English– cresses, 1500s–1600s creeses (still dialect).

Etymology: Old English cresse , cerse = Old Low German *kressa (feminine), Middle Dutch, Middle Low German kerse , Dutch kers (also Middle Low German karse , Low German (Bremen) kasse ), Old High German chressa < (chresso , masculine), Middle High German and modern German kresse , apparently of native origin < Old Germanic *krasjôn- , from root of Old High German chresan to creep, as if ‘creeper’. The Danish karse , Swedish krasse , Norwegian kars , Latvian krese , Russian kress , appear to be adopted < German. For the metathesis of r , in cresse , cerse , compare grass n.¹The synonymous Romanic words, Italian crescione, French cresson, Picard kerson, Catalan crexen, medieval Latin crissonus (9th cent. Littré) are generally held to be from German, though popularly associated with Latin crēscĕre to grow (as if from a Latin type crēsciōn-em) with reference to the rapid growth of the plant.

1. The common name of various cruciferous plants, having mostly edible leaves of a pungent flavour. (Until 19th cent. almost always in plural; sometimes construed with a verb in the singular.)

a. spec. garden cress, Lepidium sativum, or watercress n., Nasturtium officinale.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > plants and herbs > according to family > Cruciferae (crucifers) > [noun] > cress

cressa700

pepperworta1500

dittany1548

sciatica cress1562

way-cresses1562

churl's cress1578

churl's mustard1578

dittander1578

cockweed1585

colt1585

green mustard1597

peasant's mustard1597

sciatica grass1597

scar-wort1657

yellow-seed1818

money tree1934

the world > food and drink > food > fruit and vegetables > vegetables > leaf vegetables > [noun] > cress

cressa700

town cresseOE

nasturtiumOE

watercressa1400

cresson1657

tongue-grass1726

poor man's pepper1738

mustard and cress1808

fen-cress1818

Para cress1857

the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > particular vegetables > [noun] > leaf vegetables > cress

cressa700

town cresseOE

fen-cressc1000

well-cressOE

nasturtiumOE

watercressc1300

garth-cress?14..

watercress?a1450

women's meadwort?a1450

garden cressa1500

peppergrass?a1500

nosewort1563

nosesmart1589

water-rocket1605

nosewort1608

well grassa1646

cresson1657

water grass1708

tongue-grass1726

poor man's pepper1738

marsh-rocket1739

passerage1879

a700 [see sense 1b].

c1000 Sax. Leechd. I. 116 Ðeos wyrt..þe man nasturcium, & oðrum naman cærse nemneð.

c1000 Sax. Leechd. II. 68 Do earban to and cersan and smale netelan and beowyrt.

1393 W. Langland Piers Plowman C. ix. 322 With carses [v.r. crasses, cresses] and oþer herbes.

c1420 Pallad. on Husb. ii. 218 Now cresses sowe.

c1450 Alphita (Anecd. Oxon.) 39 Cressiones, gall. cressouns, anglice cressen.

1541 T. Elyot Castel of Helthe (new ed.) 9 b Onyons, Rokat, Karses [1561 Kersis].

1548 W. Turner Names of Herbes sig. E.vj^v Nasturtium is called..in englishe Cresse or Kerse.

1578 H. Lyte tr. R. Dodoens Niewe Herball v. lix. 623 Cresses are commonly sowen in all gardens.

1664 J. Evelyn Kalendarium Hortense 62 in Sylva Sow also Carrots, Cabbages, Cresses.

1724 N. Bailey Universal Etymol. Eng. Dict. (ed. 2) Cresses, the Name of an Herb.

1770 O. Goldsmith Deserted Village 132 To strip the brook with mantling cresses spread.

1830 Ld. Tennyson Ode to Memory iv, in Poems 61 The brook that loves To purl o'er matted cress and ribbéd sand.

1855 Ld. Tennyson Brook in Maud & Other Poems 110 I loiter round my cresses.

b. With defining words, applied to many different cruciferous plants, and occasionally to plants of other families resembling cress in flavour or appearance: as:bank cress, bastard cress, bitter cress, churl's cress, cow-cress, dock-cress, garden cress, Indian cress, lamb's cress, land cress, meadow cress, mouse-ear cress, pennycress, pepper cress, Peter's cress, rock cress, Spanish cress, swine's cress, Thale cress, tooth-cress, tower cress, town cress, wall cress, wart cress, winter cress, yellow cress: see at first element; American cress or Belleisle cress, Barbarea præcox; Australian cress = golden cress; brown cress = watercress n.; French cress, Barbarea vulgaris; golden cress, a variety of garden cress n. at garden n. Compounds 5b; spring cress, Cardamine rhomboidea; violet cress, Ionopsidium acaule; wild cress, species of Thlaspi.

ΚΠ

a700 Epinal Gloss. 676 Nasturcium, tuuncressa.

a800 Erfurt Gloss. 676 Nasturcium, leccressae.

c1000 Sax. Leechd. II. 94 Eacersan getrifula oððe geseoð on buteran.

a1475 Liber Cocorum (Sloane) (1862) 42 Town cresses, and cresses þat growene in flode.

1548 W. Turner Names of Herbes sig. D.vij Irio is named in greeke Erisimon, in englishe wynter cresse.

1562 W. Turner 2nd Pt. Herball f. 20^v It may be called in Englishe way-cresses, wilde cresses, or sciatica cresses, because the herbe is good for the sciatica.

1578 H. Lyte tr. R. Dodoens Niewe Herball i. lxiv. 95 We do now call it Coronopus Ruellij..in some places of England they call it Swynescressis.

1578 H. Lyte tr. R. Dodoens Niewe Herball v. lix. 623 This herbe is called..in English, Cresses, Towne Kars, or Towne Cresses.

1578 H. Lyte tr. R. Dodoens Niewe Herball v. lxii. 627 There be foure kindes of wilde Cresse, or Thlaspi, the which are not..vnlyke cresse in taste.

1597 J. Gerard Herball ii. 196 This beautifull plant is called..in English Indian Cresses.

1597 J. Gerard Herball ii. 198 Bancke Cresses is found in stony places.

1620 T. Venner Via Recta vii. 158 Water-Cresse, or Karsse, is.. of like nature..as Towne-Karsse is.

1712 J. Petiver in Philos. Trans. 1710–12 (Royal Soc.) 27 381 The largest of these Leaves resemble our Wart or Swines Cress.

1851 J. H. Balfour Man. Bot. (ed. 2) §822 The unripe fruit of Tropæolum majus, common Indian cress, has been pickled and used as capers.

1866 J. Lindley & T. Moore Treasury Bot. I. 347 Australian Cress, the Golden Cress, a broad yellowish-leaved variety of Lepidium sativum.

†2. As the type of something of little worth or significance; in such phrases as not worth a cress (kerse), not to count (a thing) at a cress. Obsolete. (Cf. rush n.¹, straw n.¹)

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > importance > unimportance > [adjective] > paltry, mean, or contemptible

unworthlyc1230

wretcha1250

seely1297

vilec1320

not worth a cress (kerse)1377

the value of a rushc1380

threadbarec1412

wretched1450

miserable?a1513

rascal1519

prettya1522

not worth a whistlea1529

pegrall1535

plack1539

pelting1540

scald1542

sleeveless1551

baggage1553

paltering1553

piddling1559

twopenny1560

paltry1565

rubbish1565

baggagely1573

pelfish1577

halfpenny1579

palting1579

baubling1581

three-halfpenny1581

pitiful1582

triobolar1585

squirting1589

not worth a lousea1592

hedge1596

cheap1597

peddling1597

dribbling1600

mean1600

rascally1600

three-farthingc1600

draughty1602

dilute1605

copper1609

peltry?a1610

threepenny1613

pelsy1631

pimping1640

triobolary1644

pigwidgeon1647

dustya1649

fiddling1652

puddlinga1653

insignificant1658

piteous1667

snotty1681

scrubbed1688

dishonourable1699

scrub1711

footy1720

fouty1722

rubbishing1731

chuck-farthing1748

rubbishy1753

shabby1753

scrubby1754

poxya1758

rubbishly1777

waff-like1808

trinkety1817

meanish1831

one-eyed1843

twiddling1844

measly1847

poking1850

picayunish1852

vild1853

picayune1856

snide1859

two-cent1859

rummagy1872

faddling1883

finicking1886

slushy1889

twopence halfpenny1890

jerk1893

pissy1922

crappy1928

two-bit1932

piddly1933

chickenshit1934

pissing1937

penny packet1943

farkakte1960

pony1964

gay1978

the mind > attention and judgement > importance > unimportance > [noun] > that which is unimportant > of little worth

ivy-leafc1000

needle?c1225

sloec1250

peasea1275

strawc1290

bean1297

nutc1300

buttonc1330

leekc1330

trifle1375

cress1377

goose-wing1377

sop1377

niflec1395

vetcha1400

a pin's head (also point)c1450

trump1513

plack1530

toy1530

blue point1532

grey groat1546

cherry-stone1607

jiggalorum1613

candle-enda1625

peppercorn1638

sponge1671

sneeshing1686

snottera1689

catchpenny1705

potato1757

snuff1809

pinhead1828

traneen1837

a hill of beans1863

gubbins1918

1377 W. Langland Piers Plowman B. x. 17 Wisdome and witte now is nouȝt worth a carse [v.r. kerse].

c1380 Sir Ferumbras (1879) l. 5442 Þe Amerel ne dredeþ hym noȝt..þe value of a kerse.

c1400 (?c1380) Pearl l. 343 For anger gaynez þe not a cresse.

c1405 (c1390) G. Chaucer Miller's Tale (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 568 Of peramours he sette noght a kers.

a1440 Sir Degrev. 191 Y counte hyme nat at a cres.

Compounds

C1. attributive and in other combinations, as cress-flower, cress-green, cress-taste, etc.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > colour > named colours > green or greenness > [noun] > shade or tint of green > other greens

beech-greenc1450

frost on green1559

sap1572

apple green1648

sap-green1686

myrtle green1717

Brunswick green1790

pistachio1791

pistachio green1793

mountain green1794

lettuce green1834

copper-green1843

canard1872

myrtle1872

leaf-green1880

cress-green1883

cresson1883

watercress green1883

lizard-green1897

jade1921

apple1923

laurel1923

mango1930

laurel-green1938

lettuce1963

mint1967

1707 J. Floyer Physician's Pulse-watch 332 The Cresse Tastes, Mustard-Seed, Spirit of Scurvy-Grass.

1813 J. Hogg Queen's Wake ii. xiii. 176 And pu' the cress-flower round the spring.

1883 Cassell's Family Mag. Oct. 698/2 The velvet is the new cress-green..known by the name of ‘cresson’.

C2.

cress-rocket n. a name for the cruciferous genus Vella ( Treasury Bot. 1866).

ΚΠ

1775 J. Jenkinson Linnæus' Generic & Specific Descr. Brit. Plants 147 Vella annua. Cresse Rocket with pinnatifid leaves.

1822 S. Clarke Hortus Anglicus II. 146 Vella Pseudo Cytisus, Shrubby Cress Rocket.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1893; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	cress
释义	cressn. Brit. /krɛs/, U.S. /krɛs/ Forms: Old English cresse, cerse, cærse, Old English–1500s kerse, Middle English carse, crasse, kers, cres, Middle English–1700s cresse, 1500s kars, 1500s–1600s karsse, 1500s– cress. Plural Old English cressan, Middle English cressen; Middle English–1500s kersis, Middle English– cresses, 1500s–1600s creeses (still dialect). Etymology: Old English cresse , cerse = Old Low German kressa (feminine), Middle Dutch, Middle Low German kerse* , Dutch kers (also Middle Low German karse , Low German (Bremen) kasse ), Old High German chressa < (chresso , masculine), Middle High German and modern German kresse , apparently of native origin < Old Germanic krasjôn- , from root of Old High German chresan* to creep, as if ‘creeper’. The Danish karse , Swedish krasse , Norwegian kars , Latvian krese , Russian kress , appear to be adopted < German. For the metathesis of r , in cresse , cerse , compare grass n.¹The synonymous Romanic words, Italian crescione, French cresson, Picard kerson, Catalan crexen, medieval Latin crissonus (9th cent. Littré) are generally held to be from German, though popularly associated with Latin crēscĕre to grow (as if from a Latin type crēsciōn-em) with reference to the rapid growth of the plant. 1. The common name of various cruciferous plants, having mostly edible leaves of a pungent flavour. (Until 19th cent. almost always in plural; sometimes construed with a verb in the singular.) a. spec. garden cress, Lepidium sativum, or watercress n., Nasturtium officinale. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > plants and herbs > according to family > Cruciferae (crucifers) > [noun] > cress cressa700 pepperworta1500 dittany1548 sciatica cress1562 way-cresses1562 churl's cress1578 churl's mustard1578 dittander1578 cockweed1585 colt1585 green mustard1597 peasant's mustard1597 sciatica grass1597 scar-wort1657 yellow-seed1818 money tree1934 the world > food and drink > food > fruit and vegetables > vegetables > leaf vegetables > [noun] > cress cressa700 town cresseOE nasturtiumOE watercressa1400 cresson1657 tongue-grass1726 poor man's pepper1738 mustard and cress1808 fen-cress1818 Para cress1857 the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > particular vegetables > [noun] > leaf vegetables > cress cressa700 town cresseOE fen-cressc1000 well-cressOE nasturtiumOE watercressc1300 garth-cress?14.. watercress?a1450 women's meadwort?a1450 garden cressa1500 peppergrass?a1500 nosewort1563 nosesmart1589 water-rocket1605 nosewort1608 well grassa1646 cresson1657 water grass1708 tongue-grass1726 poor man's pepper1738 marsh-rocket1739 passerage1879 a700 [see sense 1b]. c1000 Sax. Leechd. I. 116 Ðeos wyrt..þe man nasturcium, & oðrum naman cærse nemneð. c1000 Sax. Leechd. II. 68 Do earban to and cersan and smale netelan and beowyrt. 1393 W. Langland Piers Plowman C. ix. 322 With carses [v.r. crasses, cresses] and oþer herbes. c1420 Pallad. on Husb. ii. 218 Now cresses sowe. c1450 Alphita (Anecd. Oxon.) 39 Cressiones, gall. cressouns, anglice cressen. 1541 T. Elyot Castel of Helthe (new ed.) 9 b Onyons, Rokat, Karses [1561 Kersis]. 1548 W. Turner Names of Herbes sig. E.vj^v Nasturtium is called..in englishe Cresse or Kerse. 1578 H. Lyte tr. R. Dodoens Niewe Herball v. lix. 623 Cresses are commonly sowen in all gardens. 1664 J. Evelyn Kalendarium Hortense 62 in Sylva Sow also Carrots, Cabbages, Cresses. 1724 N. Bailey Universal Etymol. Eng. Dict. (ed. 2) Cresses, the Name of an Herb. 1770 O. Goldsmith Deserted Village 132 To strip the brook with mantling cresses spread. 1830 Ld. Tennyson Ode to Memory iv, in Poems 61 The brook that loves To purl o'er matted cress and ribbéd sand. 1855 Ld. Tennyson Brook in Maud & Other Poems 110 I loiter round my cresses. b. With defining words, applied to many different cruciferous plants, and occasionally to plants of other families resembling cress in flavour or appearance: as:bank cress, bastard cress, bitter cress, churl's cress, cow-cress, dock-cress, garden cress, Indian cress, lamb's cress, land cress, meadow cress, mouse-ear cress, pennycress, pepper cress, Peter's cress, rock cress, Spanish cress, swine's cress, Thale cress, tooth-cress, tower cress, town cress, wall cress, wart cress, winter cress, yellow cress: see at first element; American cress or Belleisle cress, Barbarea præcox; Australian cress = golden cress; brown cress = watercress n.; French cress, Barbarea vulgaris; golden cress, a variety of garden cress n. at garden n. Compounds 5b; spring cress, Cardamine rhomboidea; violet cress, Ionopsidium acaule; wild cress, species of Thlaspi. ΚΠ a700 Epinal Gloss. 676 Nasturcium, tuuncressa. a800 Erfurt Gloss. 676 Nasturcium, leccressae. c1000 Sax. Leechd. II. 94 Eacersan getrifula oððe geseoð on buteran. a1475 Liber Cocorum (Sloane) (1862) 42 Town cresses, and cresses þat growene in flode. 1548 W. Turner Names of Herbes sig. D.vij Irio is named in greeke Erisimon, in englishe wynter cresse. 1562 W. Turner 2nd Pt. Herball f. 20^v It may be called in Englishe way-cresses, wilde cresses, or sciatica cresses, because the herbe is good for the sciatica. 1578 H. Lyte tr. R. Dodoens Niewe Herball i. lxiv. 95 We do now call it Coronopus Ruellij..in some places of England they call it Swynescressis. 1578 H. Lyte tr. R. Dodoens Niewe Herball v. lix. 623 This herbe is called..in English, Cresses, Towne Kars, or Towne Cresses. 1578 H. Lyte tr. R. Dodoens Niewe Herball v. lxii. 627 There be foure kindes of wilde Cresse, or Thlaspi, the which are not..vnlyke cresse in taste. 1597 J. Gerard Herball ii. 196 This beautifull plant is called..in English Indian Cresses. 1597 J. Gerard Herball ii. 198 Bancke Cresses is found in stony places. 1620 T. Venner Via Recta vii. 158 Water-Cresse, or Karsse, is.. of like nature..as Towne-Karsse is. 1712 J. Petiver in Philos. Trans. 1710–12 (Royal Soc.) 27 381 The largest of these Leaves resemble our Wart or Swines Cress. 1851 J. H. Balfour Man. Bot. (ed. 2) §822 The unripe fruit of Tropæolum majus, common Indian cress, has been pickled and used as capers. 1866 J. Lindley & T. Moore Treasury Bot. I. 347 Australian Cress, the Golden Cress, a broad yellowish-leaved variety of Lepidium sativum. †2. As the type of something of little worth or significance; in such phrases as not worth a cress (kerse), not to count (a thing) at a cress. Obsolete. (Cf. rush n.¹, straw n.¹) ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > importance > unimportance > [adjective] > paltry, mean, or contemptible unworthlyc1230 wretcha1250 seely1297 vilec1320 not worth a cress (kerse)1377 the value of a rushc1380 threadbarec1412 wretched1450 miserable?a1513 rascal1519 prettya1522 not worth a whistlea1529 pegrall1535 plack1539 pelting1540 scald1542 sleeveless1551 baggage1553 paltering1553 piddling1559 twopenny1560 paltry1565 rubbish1565 baggagely1573 pelfish1577 halfpenny1579 palting1579 baubling1581 three-halfpenny1581 pitiful1582 triobolar1585 squirting1589 not worth a lousea1592 hedge1596 cheap1597 peddling1597 dribbling1600 mean1600 rascally1600 three-farthingc1600 draughty1602 dilute1605 copper1609 peltry?a1610 threepenny1613 pelsy1631 pimping1640 triobolary1644 pigwidgeon1647 dustya1649 fiddling1652 puddlinga1653 insignificant1658 piteous1667 snotty1681 scrubbed1688 dishonourable1699 scrub1711 footy1720 fouty1722 rubbishing1731 chuck-farthing1748 rubbishy1753 shabby1753 scrubby1754 poxya1758 rubbishly1777 waff-like1808 trinkety1817 meanish1831 one-eyed1843 twiddling1844 measly1847 poking1850 picayunish1852 vild1853 picayune1856 snide1859 two-cent1859 rummagy1872 faddling1883 finicking1886 slushy1889 twopence halfpenny1890 jerk1893 pissy1922 crappy1928 two-bit1932 piddly1933 chickenshit1934 pissing1937 penny packet1943 farkakte1960 pony1964 gay1978 the mind > attention and judgement > importance > unimportance > [noun] > that which is unimportant > of little worth ivy-leafc1000 needle?c1225 sloec1250 peasea1275 strawc1290 bean1297 nutc1300 buttonc1330 leekc1330 trifle1375 cress1377 goose-wing1377 sop1377 niflec1395 vetcha1400 a pin's head (also point)c1450 trump1513 plack1530 toy1530 blue point1532 grey groat1546 cherry-stone1607 jiggalorum1613 candle-enda1625 peppercorn1638 sponge1671 sneeshing1686 snottera1689 catchpenny1705 potato1757 snuff1809 pinhead1828 traneen1837 a hill of beans1863 gubbins1918 1377 W. Langland Piers Plowman B. x. 17 Wisdome and witte now is nouȝt worth a carse [v.r. kerse]. c1380 Sir Ferumbras (1879) l. 5442 Þe Amerel ne dredeþ hym noȝt..þe value of a kerse. c1400 (?c1380) Pearl l. 343 For anger gaynez þe not a cresse. c1405 (c1390) G. Chaucer Miller's Tale (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 568 Of peramours he sette noght a kers. a1440 Sir Degrev. 191 Y counte hyme nat at a cres. Compounds C1. attributive and in other combinations, as cress-flower, cress-green, cress-taste, etc. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > colour > named colours > green or greenness > [noun] > shade or tint of green > other greens beech-greenc1450 frost on green1559 sap1572 apple green1648 sap-green1686 myrtle green1717 Brunswick green1790 pistachio1791 pistachio green1793 mountain green1794 lettuce green1834 copper-green1843 canard1872 myrtle1872 leaf-green1880 cress-green1883 cresson1883 watercress green1883 lizard-green1897 jade1921 apple1923 laurel1923 mango1930 laurel-green1938 lettuce1963 mint1967 1707 J. Floyer Physician's Pulse-watch 332 The Cresse Tastes, Mustard-Seed, Spirit of Scurvy-Grass. 1813 J. Hogg Queen's Wake ii. xiii. 176 And pu' the cress-flower round the spring. 1883 Cassell's Family Mag. Oct. 698/2 The velvet is the new cress-green..known by the name of ‘cresson’. C2. cress-rocket n. a name for the cruciferous genus Vella ( Treasury Bot. 1866). ΚΠ 1775 J. Jenkinson Linnæus' Generic & Specific Descr. Brit. Plants 147 Vella annua. Cresse Rocket with pinnatifid leaves. 1822 S. Clarke Hortus Anglicus II. 146 Vella Pseudo Cytisus, Shrubby Cress Rocket. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1893; most recently modified version published online March 2022). > see also also refers to : † crestcressn.³ < n.a700 see also
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cressn.

Compounds

> see also