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单词 horseshoe
释义

horseshoen.

/ˈhɔːsʃuː/
Forms:

α. see horse n. and shoe n.; also Middle English horchon (plural), Middle English horscho, Middle English horschone (plural), Middle English horsho (in surnames), Middle English horshoon (plural); also Scottish pre-1700 horschone (plural).

β. Middle English horsissho.

Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: horse n., shoe n.
Etymology: In α. forms < horse n. + shoe n. In β. forms < the genitive of horse n. + shoe n.
1.
a. A shoe for a horse, now usually formed of a narrow iron plate bent to the outline of the horse's hoof and nailed to the animal's foot.Widely employed by the superstitious as an amulet, a protection from witchcraft, omen of good luck, etc.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > farming > animal husbandry > keeping or management of horses > shoeing of horses > [noun] > horseshoe
horseshoea1387
shoe1387
the world > the supernatural > the occult > sorcery, witchcraft, or magic > enchantment or casting spells > [noun] > charm or amulet > against witchcraft
antidemoniac1603
praefiscinal1652
horseshoe1665
witch-stone1782
witch ball1913
the world > the supernatural > the occult > sorcery, witchcraft, or magic > enchantment or casting spells > [noun] > charm or amulet > for luck > specific
nicetery1652
horseshoe1665
rabbit's foot1680
pocket-piece1695
luck penny1703
luck money1820
caul1826
windbag1870
wind-knot1870
billiken1914
four-leaf clover1927
paho1979
a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1876) VI. 255 Foure hors schoon.
1485 in W. H. Stevenson Rec. Borough Nottingham (1885) III. 245 Item for a hors shoo..jd. ob.
1596 J. Dalrymple tr. J. Leslie Hist. Scotl. (1895) II. 39 Makdonald..with horschone he schod his wife, and set thame on her solis with nailis.
1602 W. Shakespeare Merry Wives of Windsor iii. v. 112 To be throwne into Thames like a horshoo.
1665 R. Boyle Occas. Refl. vi. ix. sig. Oo5 The common people of this Country have a Tradition, that 'tis a lucky thing to find a Horse-shoe.
1751 Universal Mag. in W. Hone Every-day Bk. (1827) 2 1457 No horseshoe nor magpye shall baffle our skill.
1824 W. Scott Redgauntlet II. xi. 244 Your wife's a witch, man; you should nail a horse-shoe on your chamber-door.
1851 D. Wilson Archæol. & Prehistoric Ann. Scotl. iii. iv. 437 About this place most of the ancient horse-shoes have been discovered. One..is described..as consisting of a solid piece of iron.
1895 F. T. Elworthy Evil Eye vi. 217 Here in Somerset, horseshoes are nailed on stable doors, hung up to the ceilings above the horses, or fastened to the walls of the cow-house, ‘to keep off the pixies’.
b. horseshoes n. the game of quoits. dialect.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > quoits > [noun]
quoits1366
horseshoes1825
1825 J. T. Brockett Gloss. North Country Words
1846 W. E. Brockett J. T. Brockett's Gloss. North Country Words (ed. 3) I. 228 The game of quoits is called ‘horse-shoes’ in the North because sometimes played with horse-shoes.
2. Applied to things shaped like a horseshoe, or a circular arc larger than a semi-circle.
a. generally.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > shape > curvature > types of curvature > [noun] > horseshoe
horseshoe1489
1489 W. Caxton tr. C. de Pisan Bk. Fayttes of Armes i. xxiv. 73 The bataylle ought to be then ordred and made in manere of a hors-shoo.
1725 D. Defoe New Voy. round World i. 142 The River making a Kind of double Horse shoe.
1770 G. Washington Writings (1889) II. 298 The Ohio running round it in the nature of a horse~shoe.
1799 R. Kirwan Geol. Ess. 337 When the dip forms what is called a horse-shoe, descending from one mountain or hill, and ascending on the opposite.
1866 J. E. T. Rogers Hist. Agric. & Prices I. xx. 507 The horseshoe which lies between the wooded hills of Maidenhead, Wycombe and Marlow.
b. Fortification. (See quot. 1704.)
ΘΚΠ
society > armed hostility > defence > defensive work(s) > earthwork or rampart > [noun] > outwork > other outworks
field-sconce1639
redan1684
horseshoe1698
lunette1704
1698 tr. F. Froger Relation Voy. Coasts Afr. 108 Three pieces of Fortification call'd Horse-Shooes.
1704 J. Harris Lexicon Technicum I Horse-Shooe, in Fortification, is a Work sometimes of a round, and sometimes of an Oval Figure, raised in the Ditch of a Marshy Place, or in low Grounds, and border'd with a Parapet.
1717 tr. A. F. Frézier Voy. South-Sea 312 That Fortress has no other Out~works, besides a Horse-shooe next the Port, and a little Cover'd-way.
c. Shipbuilding. = horseshoe clamp n. at Compounds 4.
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > parts of vessels > body of vessel > bottom or part under water > [noun] > keel and kelson > keel > forward extremity > strap attaching
horseshoe1850
horseshoe clamp1875
1850 J. Greenwood Sailor's Sea-bk. 125 Horse-shoes, large straps of iron or copper shaped like a horse-shoe and let into the stem and gripe on opposite sides, through which they are bolted together to secure the gripe to the stem.
d. Turning-lathe. (See quot. 1875.)
ΚΠ
1875 E. H. Knight Pract. Dict. Mech. Horseshoe..2. A movable support for varying the gearing and the velocity of the screw which moves the slide.
e. A horseshoe bend. U.S.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the earth > water > rivers and streams > system > [noun] > bend > semicircular bend
horseshoe1795
oxbow1797
1795 in Amer. Speech (1963) 38 183 In the bend, or horse shoe..is a neck of land about 4 or 500 yards wide.
a1910 ‘M. Twain’ Autobiography (1924) I. 237 A brook that never goes straight for a minute..sometimes fetching a horse-shoe three quarters of a mile around.
f. Logic. (See quots. 1926, 1954.) Cf. hook n.1 10d.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > philosophy > logic > predicate or propositional logic > [noun] > mathematical or symbolic logic > Polish school of symbolic logic > symbols
parenthesis1880
incomplete symbol1910
stroke1925
horseshoe1926
Sheffer('s) stroke1932
hook1967
tilde1979
1926 H. M. Sheffer in Isis 8 231 The authors (1)..inform us, ‘unofficially’, that they are privately convinced that ‘either p is false or q is true’ (2) meansp implies q’; and they henceforth regard ‘p horseshoe q’ as meaningp implies q’.
1952 F. B. Fitch Symbolic Logic 15 The horseshoe symbol can be read as ‘implies’, but a more accurate reading is the if-then reading.
1954 I. M. Copi Symbolic Logic ii. 17 We introduce the new symbol ‘⊃’, called a horseshoe, to represent the partial meaning common to all conditional statements.
1959 Listener 30 Apr. 757/2 He spent another [term] worrying about the ordinary use of the words ‘if-then’ whereas logicians had assured us that nothing but the ‘horse-shoe’ was worth talking about.
3. Botany. The same as horse-vetch: see Compounds 4.
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > particular plants > plants and herbs > according to family > leguminous plants > [noun] > other leguminous plants
peaseOE
vetchc1400
hatchet vetch1548
mock liquorice1548
scorpion's tail1548
ax-fitch1562
ax-seed1562
axwort1562
treacle clover1562
lady's finger1575
bird's-foot1578
goat's rue1578
horseshoe1578
caterpillar1597
kidney-vetch1597
horseshoe-vetch1640
goat rue1657
kidney-fetch1671
galega1685
stanch1726
scorpion senna1731
Dolichos1753
Sophora1753
partridge pea1787
bauhinia1790
coronilla1793
swamp pea-tree1796
Mysore thorn1814
devil's shoestring1817
pencil flower1817
rattlebox1817
Canavalia1828
milk plant1830
joint-vetch1836
milk pea1843
prairie clover1857
oxytrope1858
rattleweed1864
wart-herb1864
snail-flower1866
poison pea1884
masu1900
money bush1924
Townsville stylo1970
orange bird's-foot2007
1578 H. Lyte tr. R. Dodoens Niewe Herball iv. xxxi. 490 The thirde kinde is called..in English Horse shoe.
1597 J. Gerard Herball ii. 1057 Horse shooe commeth vp in certaine vntilled and sunny places of Italy and Languedock.
1712 J. Petiver in Philos. Trans. 1710–12 (Royal Soc.) 27 387 Horse-shoes..The Pods of this elegant Plant resemble a Half moon, or Horse-shoe.
4. Zoology.
Thesaurus »
Categories »
a. A horseshoe-crab: see Compounds 4.
b. An American name of a bivalve mollusc, Lutraria elliptica, the oval otter-shell.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > invertebrates > subkingdom Metazoa > grade Triploblastica or Coelomata > class Pelecypoda or Conchifera > [noun] > section Siphonida > sinu-pallialia > family Mactridae > member of
horseshoe1775
hen clam1841
otter-shell1865
trough shell1867
surf clam1873
1775 B. Romans Conc. Nat. Hist. E. & W. Florida 302 A crab..called in the southern province a king crab, and to the northward a horse-shoe.
1850 N. Hawthorne Scarlet Let. xv. 215 She seized a live horseshoe by the tail.

Compounds

C1. Simple attributive ‘of a horseshoe’, as in horseshoe-fashion, horseshoe form, horseshoe shape.
ΚΠ
1712 J. James tr. A.-J. Dézallier d'Argenville Theory & Pract. Gardening 26 Great Stairs made Horse-shoo-Fashion.
1837 Penny Cycl. VII. 23/2 Nose..bordered by a wide crest of a horseshoe shape.
1849 J. H. Parker Introd. Study Gothic Archit. ii. 64 A few Norman arches are of the horse-shoe form.
C2. attributive passing into adj. ‘Of the form of a horseshoe, or arc larger than a semicircle’, as horseshoe arch, horseshoe bend, horseshoe brooch, horseshoe curve, horseshoe door, horseshoe moustache, horseshoe table.
ΚΠ
1770 Duchess of Northumberland Diary 10 June (1926) 139 In the midst of the Room were two Horse Shoe Tables the ends of which pretty near touching form'd a Kind of Oval.
1796 W. Combe Hist. Thames II. 71. The horse-shoe bend that begins at Mortlake.
1815 T. Rickman in J. Smith Panorama Sci. & Art I. 131 A horse-shoe arch has its centre above the spring.
1857 C. M. Yonge Let. 1 Oct. in C. R. Coleridge C. M. Yonge (1903) viii. 212 A great horse-shoe table, holding 116 people.
1873 W. A. Hayne in H. B. Tristram Land of Moab 375 Arches distinctly horse-shoe.
1875 ‘M. Twain’ in Atlantic Monthly Aug. 192/2 The water cuts the alluvial banks of the ‘lower’ river into deep horseshoe curves.
1884 Graphic 22 Nov. 538/1 The delegates took their places to the right and left of him at a horseshoe table.
1893 T. B. Foreman Trip to Spain 64 Through the usual horse-shoe door, we enter an open court.
1926 F. M. Ford Man could stand Up i. i. 17 The gentlemen with sergeant-majors' horse-shoe moustaches.
1950 G. Brenan Face of Spain ii. 42 The double horseshoe arches, striped buff-white and brick-rose, arrest one by their strangeness and novelty.
C3. similative, parasynthetic, etc., as horseshoe-shaped, horseshoe-like adjs.
ΚΠ
1777 T. Pennant Brit. Zool. (ed. 4, octavo) IV. vi. 57 A horse-shoe-shaped mark of deep purple.
1892 E. Reeves Homeward Bound 276 A small room entered by a horse-shoe-like arch.
1895 Westm. Gaz. 4 Sept. 3/3 The tunnel..is 21 ft. high and 19 ft. broad, and is horseshoe-shaped.
C4. Special combinations:
horseshoe anvil n. (see quot.).
ΚΠ
1875 E. H. Knight Pract. Dict. Mech. Horseshoe-anvil, one which corresponds in shape and size to the hoof of a horse, and has shanks which permit its adjustment in the socket-hole of the anvil, in either a natural or a reversed position.
horseshoe-bat n. any species of bat having a nose-leaf more or less horseshoe-shaped, esp. Rhinolophus ferrum-equinum, R. hipposideros, and Phyllorhina armigera.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > mammals > order Chiroptera or bat > [noun] > suborder Microchiroptera > miscellaneous members of
horseshoe-bat1774
nycterine1840
stenoderm1871
mystacine1876
1774 O. Goldsmith Hist. Earth IV. 140 The Horse shoe Bat, with an odd protuberance round its upper lip, somewhat in the form of an horse-shoe.
1847 W. B. Carpenter Zool.: Systematic Acct. I. §169 Two species are known in England under the name of the Greater and Lesser Horse-shoe Bats.
horseshoe clamp n. (see quot.).
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > parts of vessels > body of vessel > bottom or part under water > [noun] > keel and kelson > keel > forward extremity > strap attaching
horseshoe1850
horseshoe clamp1875
1875 E. H. Knight Pract. Dict. Mech. Horseshoe-clamp (Ship-building), an iron strap by which the gripe and fore-foot are attached.
horseshoe-crab n. a crab-like animal of the genus Limulus, so called from the shape of its shell; a king crab.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > order Xiphosura or Merostomata > [noun] > genus Limulus > member of
king crabc1612
horse-foot1672
Molucca crab1681
sea-louse1681
horse-hoof1699
horseshoe1775
saucepan crab1863
horseshoe-crab1865
fiddle-fish1867
xiphosurid1969
1865 F. Parkman Champlain iii, in Pioneers of France in New World 231 The horseshoe-crab awakened his especial curiosity.
Thesaurus »
Categories »
horseshoe-fern n. (in New Zealand) Marattia fraxinea, called in Australia potato-fern (Morris Austral Eng. 1898).
horseshoe goose n.
ΚΠ
1849 Zoologist 7 2393 The Egyptian goose is the ‘horse-shoe goose’.
horseshoe head n.
ΚΠ
1728 E. Chambers Cycl. at Horse Shoe Horse Shoe Head, a Disease in Infants, wherein the Sutures of the Head are too open, or too great a Vacuity is left between them.
horseshoe kidney n.
ΚΠ
1887 New Sydenham Soc. Lexicon Horse-shoe kidney..a variety of the kidneys in man in which they are connected by their lower ends, so as to make one horseshoe-shaped organ.
horseshoe magnet n. a magnet in the shape of a bar bent until the ends nearly meet.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > physics > electromagnetic radiation > magnetism > magnetic devices or materials > [noun] > a magnet > of specific shape
terrella1613
horseshoe magnet1785
bar magnet1821
U-magnet1888
1785 G. Adams Ess. Magn. (ed. 2) 419 To touch horseshoe magnets.
1822 T. Webster Imison's Elem. Sci. & Art (new ed.) I. 409 A magnet, bent so that the two ends almost meet, is called a horse-shoe magnet.
1832 Nat. Philos. (Libr. Useful Knowl.) II. Magnetism v. 53 These horse-shoe magnets..may be rendered magnetic by the same process as a straight bar.
1871 J. Tyndall Fragm. Sci. (1879) II. xvi. 441 He bent it into a continuous ring, which..he caused to rotate rapidly close to the poles of a horse-shoe magnet.
1930 Movie Makers Feb. 101/1 You will also need a bottle of black India ink..and a large horseshoe magnet.
horseshoe-nail n. a nail of soft iron for fastening on horseshoes; hence horseshoe-nail machine, horseshoe rod.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > farming > animal husbandry > keeping or management of horses > shoeing of horses > [noun] > horseshoe > nail or stud
frost-nail1339
horseshoe-nail1415
horse-nail1598
talon-nail1688
toenail1841
nail-stub1851
frost stud1864
frost cog1867
rougha1884
1415–16 Durham MS. Sacr. Roll Et in furfure et horsescho~nayle, xixs. xjd.
1800 tr. E. J. B. Bouillon-Lagrange Man. Course Chem. II. 97 Six parts of iron in small fragments, as points of horse-shoe nails.
1875 E. H. Knight Pract. Dict. Mech. Horse~shoe Nail-machine, one in which rods of iron are shaped into nails for the purpose stated.
1888 Law Rep.: Appeal Cases 13 401 A patent for the manufacture of horse-shoe nails.
1894 Daily News 22 Jan. 7/4 Rolled horseshoe nail rods (charcoal) are priced at £16 10s.
horseshoe-vetch n. a leguminous plant ( Hippocrepis comosa) bearing umbels of yellow flowers, and jointed pods each division of which resembles a horseshoe.
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > particular plants > plants and herbs > according to family > leguminous plants > [noun] > other leguminous plants
peaseOE
vetchc1400
hatchet vetch1548
mock liquorice1548
scorpion's tail1548
ax-fitch1562
ax-seed1562
axwort1562
treacle clover1562
lady's finger1575
bird's-foot1578
goat's rue1578
horseshoe1578
caterpillar1597
kidney-vetch1597
horseshoe-vetch1640
goat rue1657
kidney-fetch1671
galega1685
stanch1726
scorpion senna1731
Dolichos1753
Sophora1753
partridge pea1787
bauhinia1790
coronilla1793
swamp pea-tree1796
Mysore thorn1814
devil's shoestring1817
pencil flower1817
rattlebox1817
Canavalia1828
milk plant1830
joint-vetch1836
milk pea1843
prairie clover1857
oxytrope1858
rattleweed1864
wart-herb1864
snail-flower1866
poison pea1884
masu1900
money bush1924
Townsville stylo1970
orange bird's-foot2007
1640 J. Parkinson Theatrum Botanicum 1091 Many codded Horse shooe Vetch.
1640 J. Parkinson Theatrum Botanicum 1091 The greater Horse shooe Vetch.
1671 S. Skinner & T. Henshaw Etymologicon Botanicum in Etymologicon Linguæ Anglicanæ Horshoe Vetch, Ferrum Equinum.
1760 J. Lee Introd. Bot. Table i. 253 Hippocrepis, Horseshoe Vetch.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1899; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

horseshoev.

Etymology: < horseshoe n.: compare shoe v.Previous versions of the OED give the stress as: ˈhorseshoe.
1. transitive. To provide with horseshoes.
2. Architecture. To make (an arch) horseshoe-shaped.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > architecture > arch > [verb (transitive)] > make horseshoe shaped
horseshoe1874
1874 J. Fergusson Hist. Archit. (ed. 2) I. i. iv. vi. 391 A Sassanian arch..horse-shoed to the extent of one-tenth of its diameter.

Derivatives

horse-shoer n. /-ˌʃuːə(r)/ one who makes horseshoes, or shoes horses.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > farming > animal husbandry > keeping or management of horses > shoeing of horses > [noun] > one who
marshallOE
ferrer1426
shoer1483
farrier1562
horse-smith1580
horse-shoer1591
shoesmith1625
shoeing smith1809
smithy1847
1591 F. Sparry tr. C. de Cattan Geomancie 76 Craftsmen working by yron, as horse-shooers, locke-smiths, and such like.
1888 Pall Mall Gaz. 24 Sept. 11/2 The horse-shoers wore new russet leather aprons, with blood-red horseshoe stamped in the centre.
ˈhorse-shoeing n. the art or craft of shoeing horses.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > farming > animal husbandry > keeping or management of horses > shoeing of horses > [noun]
shoeingc1440
remove1512
ferrure1676
reshoeing1856
horse-shoeing1869
1869 G. Fleming (title) Horse-Shoes and Horse-Shoeing.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1899; most recently modified version published online June 2019).
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