hustingn.

/ˈhʌstɪŋ/

Forms: Usually in plural hustings. Forms: Old English, Middle English (1800s Historical) husting, Middle English husteng(e; plural Middle English hustingis, 1500s hustinges, hoysting(e)s, 1500s–1600s hoistings, Middle English– hustings.

Origin: A borrowing from early Scandinavian. Etymon: Norse hús-þing.

Etymology: Old English hústing , < Old Norse hús-þing, house-assembly, a council held by a king, earl, or other leader, and attended by his immediate followers, retainers, etc., in distinction from the ordinary þing or general assembly of the people (the Old English folcgemót , folkmoot n.).The t is probably due to weakening of the stress on the second syllable; compare nostril from older nos-þril . The change may conceivably have already taken place in Danish, as in Old Norse estu for es þu . The form hoistings found in 16–17th cent. may have been due to association with hoist v.; but there is no evidence that the word was taken to mean ‘platform’ before 1682; Blount (1656), who suggests a derivation < French haulser (hausser) to raise, does so on the ground that it is ‘the principal and highest court in London’.

I. In form husting.

1. An assembly for deliberative purposes, esp. one summoned by a king or other leader; a council. rare (in general sense). Obsolete exc. Historical.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > rule or government > ruler or governor > deliberative, legislative, or administrative assembly > types of deliberative or legislative assembly > [noun]

hustinga1030

prime1389

citizens' assembly1836

kgotla?1900

society > authority > rule or government > ruler or governor > deliberative, legislative, or administrative assembly > council of state > [noun]

hustinga1030

Great Councilc1275

council1297

parliamentc1300

privy councilc1390

divan1586

Council of State1611

legislative council1651

society > authority > rule or government > ruler or governor > deliberative, legislative, or administrative assembly > types of deliberative or legislative assembly > [noun] > assembly held by sovereign

hustinga1030

court1154

kine-mootc1225

a1030 Anglo-Saxon Chron. (MS. C) anno 1012 Hi [the Danes] genamon þa ðone biscop [Ælfeah], læddon hine to hiora hustinge [Laud MS. heora hustinga].

c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) l. 6482 Þa comen to Lundenne. al þis leodisce folc to heore hustinge [c1300 Otho to one speking].

c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) l. 5759 Octaues ure king. i Lundene heold his husting þat hustinge wes god hit wes witene-imot.

c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) l. 2379 Belin in Euerewic huld eorlene husting.

1861 C. H. Pearson Early & Middle Ages Eng. 149 Ælfeg..proceeded to preach to the hus-ting.

1864 C. Kingsley Roman & Teuton viii. 224 They might drag him out into their husting, and threaten him with torture.

II. In form husting, plural hustings.

a. A court held in the Guildhall of London by the Lord Mayor, Recorder, and Sheriffs (or Aldermen), long the supreme court of the city.The early history of this is in many points obscure. The mention of ‘husting's weight’ in the charter of Cnut (see Compounds 1) suggests that the husting had already then become a permanent institution for the transaction of civic business.The Hustings or Court of Hustings was formerly a court of common pleas, of probate, of appeal against decisions of the sheriffs, a court of record for the formal conveyance of property, etc.; but it is now convoked only for the purpose of considering and registering gifts made to the City. In the Calendar for 1898 ‘Hustings’ were set down for 31 Tuesdays during the year, although there had been only one meeting since 1885.

(a) singular husting. Obsolete exc. Historical.

ΚΠ

c1100 Carta civibus London. §9 in Schmid Gesetze 435 Et amplius non sit miskenninga in hustenge, neque in folkes~mote..Et husting sedeat semel in ebdomada, videlicet die lunæ.

?c1140 Docmt. of Sale in Spelman Gloss. (at cited word) Wlfnothus de Walebroc de London vendidit..quandam suam terram..coram omni Hustingo de London, in domo Alfwini.

?12.. Lois de la cite de Lond. (BL Add. 14252) (Godef.) En la cort le rei, ço est a saveir el husteng.

1237 in A. Thierry Mon. inéd. du Tiers Etat I. 805 (Godef.) Donné en pleyn hustenge de Londres, devant Andreu Bekerel, adonk meyre de Londres.

1289–90 in Madox Hist. Exch. xx. 553 Rex..vult quod Scaccarium suum usque Hustengum Londoniæ transferatur.

1368 Charter in T. Madox Formulare Anglicanum (1702) 200 In pleno Hustengo Londoniæ de Communibus placitis.

1866 C. Kingsley Hereward the Wake II. i. 2 We will give you your lands in full husting.

1888 Athenæum 27 Oct. Session of the Court of Husting.]

(b) plural hustings in same sense as the singular.

ΚΠ

c1462 in T. Stapleton Plumpton Corr. (1839) 5 He haith taken his exigi facias de novo & is with us called in the hustings.

1494 Act 11 Hen. VII c. 21 §2 The Hustynges of London holden for Comen Plees before the Maire and Aldermen.

a1535 T. More Hist. Richard III in Wks. (1557) 61/2 In the east ende of the hall where the maire kepeth the hustinges [1568 Grafton, where the hoystinges be kept].

1613 H. Finch Law (1636) 349 In London, where their hustings are as the Countie Courts.

1704 J. Harris Lexicon Technicum I. at Inrolment Entring of any Lawful Act in the Rolls of the Chancery..or in the Hustings of London, or by the Clerk of the Peace in any County.

1707 J. Chamberlayne Angliæ Notitia (ed. 22) iii. xi. 355 The highest and most ancient Court, is that called the Hustings..which doth preserve the Laws, Rights, Franchises, and Customs of the City.

1768 W. Blackstone Comm. Laws Eng. (1809) III. vi. 89 (note) The sheriffs' courts..from which a writ of error lies to the court of hustings, before the mayor, recorder, and sheriffs.

1818 W. Cruise Digest Laws Eng. Real Prop. (ed. 2) I. 206 Enrolled in the court of hustings.

1863 H. Cox Inst. Eng. Govt. ii. xi. 585 The Hustings is the supreme Court of London.

1890 C. Gross Gild Merchant I. 125 An alien was to be admitted to the freedom only at the Hustings.

figurative.1883 Standard 24 Sept. 5/2 Determined to have their differences out while science is in full hustings.

†b. According to Cowell, a similar court anciently held in other cities: but it is doubtful whether this is the meaning of the passage in Fleta. For a hustings court, curia hustengorum, in Oxford, see Wood's Life & Times (O.H.S.) IV. 183-4.

ΚΠ

1607 J. Cowell Interpreter sig. Nn2^v/1 Hustings,..Other Cities and townes also haue had a court of the same name, as Winchester, Lincolne, Yorke, and Sheppey, and others [ Fleta ii. lv, Habet etiam Rex curiam suam in civitatibus..et locis..sicut in Hustengis Londoñ Wintoñ Lincolñ Ebor' & apud Shepey & alibi] where the Barons or Citizens haue a record of such things as are determinable before them.

III. In form hustings, now usually construed as singular.

†3. The upper end of the Guildhall, where this Court was held; the platform on which the Mayor and Aldermen took their seats. Obsolete.

ΚΠ

1682 London Gaz. No. 1738/3 The Common-Hall met..where the Lord Mayor and Aldermen being come down to the Hustings, etc.]

a1734 R. North Examen (1740) iii. viii. §22 598 When..the Lord-Mayor and Court of Aldermen are come upon the Suggestum, called the Hustings [etc.].

1761 Brit. Mag. 2 603 The royal family returned into the hall, and were conducted to the upper end of it, called the Hustings; where a table was provided for them.

4. The temporary platform from which, previous to the Ballot Act of 1872, the nomination of candidates for Parliament was made, and on which these stood while addressing the electors. Hence, contextually, the proceedings at a parliamentary election.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > office > appointment to office > choosing or fact of being chosen for office > election of representative body by vote > proceedings at election > [noun] > platform from which electors addressed

husting1719

society > authority > office > appointment to office > choosing or fact of being chosen for office > election of representative body by vote > proceedings at election > [noun]

husting1850

1719 T. D'Urfey Wit & Mirth II. 242 What Tricks on the Hustings Fanaticks would play.

1774 E. Burke Speech Electors Bristol in Wks. III. 14 I stood on the hustings..less like a candidate, than an unconcerned spectator of a publick proceeding.

1796 S. T. Coleridge Lett. (1895) 164 In the market place stands the hustings.

1850 T. Carlyle Latter-day Pamphlets vi. 32 One thing the stupidest multitude at a hustings can do.

1850 H. Martineau Introd. Hist. Peace II. v. ii. 231 The Church question was the leading one on the hustings.

1883 S. C. Hall Retrospect Long Life I. 23 An unpopular candidate had frequently to beat a hasty retreat from the hustings.

Compounds

C1. General attributive.

husting-court n.

ΚΠ

1889 Academy 1 June 374/3 A husting court was held in 1885, and again in 1888 [for the enrolment of deeds relating to benefactions to the City of London School].

husting-day n.

ΚΠ

1671 F. Philipps Regale Necessarium 281 Some Courts or Husting dayes.

hustings-cry n.

ΚΠ

1844 B. Disraeli Coningsby I. ii. i. 139 The hustings-cry at the end of 1832.

hustings-movement n.

hustings-orator n.

ΚΠ

1837 B. Disraeli Let. 21 Nov. in Corr. with Sister (1886) 75 A second-rate hustings orator.

hustings-topic n.

C2.

hustings-weight n. (in Old English hustinges gewiht) a standard weight for precious metals in the 11th cent. (cf. hustinum pondus in Du Cange).

ΚΠ

c1000 in Thorpe Dipl. Angl. Ævi Sax. (1865) 533 Duos cyphos argenteos de xij marcis ad pondus Hustingie Londonensis.]

1032 Charter of Cnut in Kemble Cod. Dipl. IV. 37 Mid hundeahtigum marcan hwites seolfres be hustinges gewihte.

1720 J. Strype Stow's Surv. of London (rev. ed.) II. v. xxviii. 369/2 Troy-Weight, was in the Time of the Saxons called, the Hustings Weight of London.

hustings court n. = sense 2; also, a court of local jurisdiction in Richmond and other cities of Virginia, U.S.

ΚΠ

1675 J. Ogilby Britannia Introd. 4 The High and Antient Hustings-Court for Preservation of the Laws.

1898 E. W. James Let. to Editor (O.E.D. Archive) In Richmond and other cities the Corporation Courts, frequently called Hustings Courts, exercise both civil and criminal jurisdiction. The Hustings Court of Richmond has appellate jurisdiction in small civil matters coming from the police courts or justices' courts.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1899; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	husting
释义	hustingn. /ˈhʌstɪŋ/ Forms: Usually in plural hustings. Forms: Old English, Middle English (1800s Historical) husting, Middle English husteng(e; plural Middle English hustingis, 1500s hustinges, hoysting(e)s, 1500s–1600s hoistings, Middle English– hustings. Origin: A borrowing from early Scandinavian. Etymon: Norse hús-þing. Etymology: Old English hústing , < Old Norse hús-þing, house-assembly, a council held by a king, earl, or other leader, and attended by his immediate followers, retainers, etc., in distinction from the ordinary þing or general assembly of the people (the Old English folcgemót , folkmoot n.).The t is probably due to weakening of the stress on the second syllable; compare nostril from older nos-þril . The change may conceivably have already taken place in Danish, as in Old Norse estu for es þu . The form hoistings found in 16–17th cent. may have been due to association with hoist v.; but there is no evidence that the word was taken to mean ‘platform’ before 1682; Blount (1656), who suggests a derivation < French haulser (hausser) to raise, does so on the ground that it is ‘the principal and highest court in London’. I. In form husting. 1. An assembly for deliberative purposes, esp. one summoned by a king or other leader; a council. rare (in general sense). Obsolete exc. Historical. ΘΚΠ society > authority > rule or government > ruler or governor > deliberative, legislative, or administrative assembly > types of deliberative or legislative assembly > [noun] hustinga1030 prime1389 citizens' assembly1836 kgotla?1900 society > authority > rule or government > ruler or governor > deliberative, legislative, or administrative assembly > council of state > [noun] hustinga1030 Great Councilc1275 council1297 parliamentc1300 privy councilc1390 divan1586 Council of State1611 legislative council1651 society > authority > rule or government > ruler or governor > deliberative, legislative, or administrative assembly > types of deliberative or legislative assembly > [noun] > assembly held by sovereign hustinga1030 court1154 kine-mootc1225 a1030 Anglo-Saxon Chron. (MS. C) anno 1012 Hi [the Danes] genamon þa ðone biscop [Ælfeah], læddon hine to hiora hustinge [Laud MS. heora hustinga]. c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) l. 6482 Þa comen to Lundenne. al þis leodisce folc to heore hustinge [c1300 Otho to one speking]. c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) l. 5759 Octaues ure king. i Lundene heold his husting þat hustinge wes god hit wes witene-imot. c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) l. 2379 Belin in Euerewic huld eorlene husting. 1861 C. H. Pearson Early & Middle Ages Eng. 149 Ælfeg..proceeded to preach to the hus-ting. 1864 C. Kingsley Roman & Teuton viii. 224 They might drag him out into their husting, and threaten him with torture. II. In form husting, plural hustings. 2. a. A court held in the Guildhall of London by the Lord Mayor, Recorder, and Sheriffs (or Aldermen), long the supreme court of the city.The early history of this is in many points obscure. The mention of ‘husting's weight’ in the charter of Cnut (see Compounds 1) suggests that the husting had already then become a permanent institution for the transaction of civic business.The Hustings or Court of Hustings was formerly a court of common pleas, of probate, of appeal against decisions of the sheriffs, a court of record for the formal conveyance of property, etc.; but it is now convoked only for the purpose of considering and registering gifts made to the City. In the Calendar for 1898 ‘Hustings’ were set down for 31 Tuesdays during the year, although there had been only one meeting since 1885. (a) singular husting. Obsolete exc. Historical. ΚΠ c1100 Carta civibus London. §9 in Schmid Gesetze 435 Et amplius non sit miskenninga in hustenge, neque in folkes~mote..Et husting sedeat semel in ebdomada, videlicet die lunæ. ?c1140 Docmt. of Sale in Spelman Gloss. (at cited word) Wlfnothus de Walebroc de London vendidit..quandam suam terram..coram omni Hustingo de London, in domo Alfwini. ?12.. Lois de la cite de Lond. (BL Add. 14252) (Godef.) En la cort le rei, ço est a saveir el husteng. 1237 in A. Thierry Mon. inéd. du Tiers Etat I. 805 (Godef.) Donné en pleyn hustenge de Londres, devant Andreu Bekerel, adonk meyre de Londres. 1289–90 in Madox Hist. Exch. xx. 553 Rex..vult quod Scaccarium suum usque Hustengum Londoniæ transferatur. 1368 Charter in T. Madox Formulare Anglicanum (1702) 200 In pleno Hustengo Londoniæ de Communibus placitis. 1866 C. Kingsley Hereward the Wake II. i. 2 We will give you your lands in full husting. 1888 Athenæum 27 Oct. Session of the Court of Husting.] (b) plural hustings in same sense as the singular. ΚΠ c1462 in T. Stapleton Plumpton Corr. (1839) 5 He haith taken his exigi facias de novo & is with us called in the hustings. 1494 Act 11 Hen. VII c. 21 §2 The Hustynges of London holden for Comen Plees before the Maire and Aldermen. a1535 T. More Hist. Richard III in Wks. (1557) 61/2 In the east ende of the hall where the maire kepeth the hustinges [1568 Grafton, where the hoystinges be kept]. 1613 H. Finch Law (1636) 349 In London, where their hustings are as the Countie Courts. 1704 J. Harris Lexicon Technicum I. at Inrolment Entring of any Lawful Act in the Rolls of the Chancery..or in the Hustings of London, or by the Clerk of the Peace in any County. 1707 J. Chamberlayne Angliæ Notitia (ed. 22) iii. xi. 355 The highest and most ancient Court, is that called the Hustings..which doth preserve the Laws, Rights, Franchises, and Customs of the City. 1768 W. Blackstone Comm. Laws Eng. (1809) III. vi. 89 (note) The sheriffs' courts..from which a writ of error lies to the court of hustings, before the mayor, recorder, and sheriffs. 1818 W. Cruise Digest Laws Eng. Real Prop. (ed. 2) I. 206 Enrolled in the court of hustings. 1863 H. Cox Inst. Eng. Govt. ii. xi. 585 The Hustings is the supreme Court of London. 1890 C. Gross Gild Merchant I. 125 An alien was to be admitted to the freedom only at the Hustings. figurative.1883 Standard 24 Sept. 5/2 Determined to have their differences out while science is in full hustings. †b. According to Cowell, a similar court anciently held in other cities: but it is doubtful whether this is the meaning of the passage in Fleta. For a hustings court, curia hustengorum, in Oxford, see Wood's Life & Times (O.H.S.) IV. 183-4. ΚΠ 1607 J. Cowell Interpreter sig. Nn2^v/1 Hustings,..Other Cities and townes also haue had a court of the same name, as Winchester, Lincolne, Yorke, and Sheppey, and others [ Fleta ii. lv, Habet etiam Rex curiam suam in civitatibus..et locis..sicut in Hustengis Londoñ Wintoñ Lincolñ Ebor' & apud Shepey & alibi] where the Barons or Citizens haue a record of such things as are determinable before them. III. In form hustings, now usually construed as singular. †3. The upper end of the Guildhall, where this Court was held; the platform on which the Mayor and Aldermen took their seats. Obsolete. ΚΠ 1682 London Gaz. No. 1738/3 The Common-Hall met..where the Lord Mayor and Aldermen being come down to the Hustings, etc.] a1734 R. North Examen (1740) iii. viii. §22 598 When..the Lord-Mayor and Court of Aldermen are come upon the Suggestum, called the Hustings [etc.]. 1761 Brit. Mag. 2 603 The royal family returned into the hall, and were conducted to the upper end of it, called the Hustings; where a table was provided for them. 4. The temporary platform from which, previous to the Ballot Act of 1872, the nomination of candidates for Parliament was made, and on which these stood while addressing the electors. Hence, contextually, the proceedings at a parliamentary election. ΘΚΠ society > authority > office > appointment to office > choosing or fact of being chosen for office > election of representative body by vote > proceedings at election > [noun] > platform from which electors addressed husting1719 society > authority > office > appointment to office > choosing or fact of being chosen for office > election of representative body by vote > proceedings at election > [noun] husting1850 1719 T. D'Urfey Wit & Mirth II. 242 What Tricks on the Hustings Fanaticks would play. 1774 E. Burke Speech Electors Bristol in Wks. III. 14 I stood on the hustings..less like a candidate, than an unconcerned spectator of a publick proceeding. 1796 S. T. Coleridge Lett. (1895) 164 In the market place stands the hustings. 1850 T. Carlyle Latter-day Pamphlets vi. 32 One thing the stupidest multitude at a hustings can do. 1850 H. Martineau Introd. Hist. Peace II. v. ii. 231 The Church question was the leading one on the hustings. 1883 S. C. Hall Retrospect Long Life I. 23 An unpopular candidate had frequently to beat a hasty retreat from the hustings. Compounds C1. General attributive. a. husting-court n. ΚΠ 1889 Academy 1 June 374/3 A husting court was held in 1885, and again in 1888 [for the enrolment of deeds relating to benefactions to the City of London School]. husting-day n. ΚΠ 1671 F. Philipps Regale Necessarium 281 Some Courts or Husting dayes. b. hustings-cry n. ΚΠ 1844 B. Disraeli Coningsby I. ii. i. 139 The hustings-cry at the end of 1832. hustings-movement n. hustings-orator n. ΚΠ 1837 B. Disraeli Let. 21 Nov. in Corr. with Sister (1886) 75 A second-rate hustings orator. hustings-topic n. C2. hustings-weight n. (in Old English hustinges gewiht) a standard weight for precious metals in the 11th cent. (cf. hustinum pondus in Du Cange). ΚΠ c1000 in Thorpe Dipl. Angl. Ævi Sax. (1865) 533 Duos cyphos argenteos de xij marcis ad pondus Hustingie Londonensis.] 1032 Charter of Cnut in Kemble Cod. Dipl. IV. 37 Mid hundeahtigum marcan hwites seolfres be hustinges gewihte. 1720 J. Strype Stow's Surv. of London (rev. ed.) II. v. xxviii. 369/2 Troy-Weight, was in the Time of the Saxons called, the Hustings Weight of London. hustings court n. = sense 2; also, a court of local jurisdiction in Richmond and other cities of Virginia, U.S. ΚΠ 1675 J. Ogilby Britannia Introd. 4 The High and Antient Hustings-Court for Preservation of the Laws. 1898 E. W. James Let. to Editor (O.E.D. Archive) In Richmond and other cities the Corporation Courts, frequently called Hustings Courts, exercise both civil and criminal jurisdiction. The Hustings Court of Richmond has appellate jurisdiction in small civil matters coming from the police courts or justices' courts. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1899; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < n.a1030
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