majolican.adj.

Brit.

/məˈdʒɒlᵻkə/,

/məˈjɒlᵻkə/, U.S.

/məˈdʒɑləkə/,

/məˈjɑləkə/

Forms: 1500s maiolica, 1500s maiolique, 1800s– majolica. Also with capital initial. See also maiolica n. and adj.

Origin: A borrowing from Italian. Etymons: Italian maiolica, majolica.

Etymology: < Italian maiolica, †majolica (a1498; earlier catinum de maiolica 1431; in 16th cent. also in form maiorica ) lustreware in the Spanish manner, as shipped from or via Majorca (later applied to any tin-glaze pottery; 1584 in sense A. 1 in passage translated in 1598 at sense A. 1) < Maiolica , Majolica Majorca (in Dante, now obsolete; compare post-classical Latin Majolica (1368)) < post-classical Latin Maiorica Majorca (see Majorcan adj. and n.).It is uncertain whether ‘woorke of Maiolica’ in quot. 1555 at sense A. 2 is a periphrasis for ‘Majolica ware’ or whether ‘Maiolica’ here denotes the island itself. Quot. 1585 at sense A. 2 shows an isolated borrowing via Middle French majolique (1556; also in 16th cent. in forms majoricque , majorique ; compare earlier phrase platz de terre de Mailloreque (1447)). In both of these quots., and in quot. 1598 at sense A. 1, the precise value of the -i- is uncertain. Compare also:1600 J. Pory tr. J. Leo Africanus Geogr. Hist. Afr. iii. 127 The walles..are adorned with plaister-worke of Majorica. 19th-cent. uses probably represent a reborrowing of the Italian word, rapidly current in two distinct forms, majolica and maiolica , the second of which (see maiolica n. and adj.) subsequently became for many speakers distinguished also in sense. During the 19th cent. majolica was the predominant spelling, with j pronounced /dʒ/, although maiolica also occurs (see maiolica n. and adj.). Cent. Dict. (1890) added an ‘Italian pronunciation’ with /j/, while N.E.D. (1904) and Webster (1909) gave alternative naturalized pronunciations, with /dʒ/ and /j/. The j spelling, though not uncommon, became less frequent than the i spelling during the 20th cent. in British use in sense A. 2, the spelling maiolica frequently being used in sense A. 2 (especially by art historians) contrastively with majolica in sense A. 3; U.S. dictionaries, however, still record the j spelling and corresponding pronunciation with /dʒ/ as commoner (compare French, in which the spelling maïolique is in the late 20th cent. much less common than majolique, with corresponding pronunciation with /ʒ/; for the j spelling compare also German Majolika, Dutch majolica).

A. n.

†1. A red earth used as a pigment. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > colour > named colours > red or redness > red colouring matter > [noun] > earths as colouring matter

red stoneeOE

red eartheOE

redding1292

raddlea1350

ruddle1353

rubric?1440

red ochre1481

sinoper1501

red1538

red chalk1538

sinople1548

terra sigillata1563

almagre1598

majolica1598

minium1613

orell1614

reddle1648

India red1668

Indian red1672

riddle1681

smit1728

Persian earth1735

red marl1748

abraum1753

Terra Sienna1760

tivera1825

kokowai1836

sinopia1844

sinopis1857

1598 R. Haydocke tr. G. P. Lomazzo Tracte Artes Paintinge iii. iv. 99 Reddes are made..of the red earth called Maiolica, otherwise browne of spaine.

2. A fine kind of Renaissance Italian earthenware with coloured decoration on an opaque white tin glaze; (more generally) any tin-glazed earthenware in the same stylistic tradition, esp. Hispano-Moresque lustreware; (also) an example of such earthenware; = maiolica n.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > clay compositions > baked clay > pottery or ceramics > [noun] > Italian pottery

Raphael ware1785

Della Robbia1805

majolica1820

maiolica1831

mezza-maiolica1850

terraglia1850

Faenza1856

Castel Durante1857

tondino1885

1555 R. Eden in tr. Peter Martyr of Angleria Decades of Newe Worlde f. 239^v The fine whyte earthe cauled Porcellana, of the which are made the earthen dysshes of the woorke of Maiolica.

1585 T. Washington tr. N. de Nicolay Nauigations Turkie i. xi. 13 Two great platters of Maiolique [printed Macolique].]

1820 W. A. Cadell Journey Carniola, Italy & France iv. 187 A room contains majolica, the thick and clumsy earthenware, made by Castelfranco, ornamented with mythological designs.

1850 Gentleman's Mag. Aug. 165/1 The early specimens of Majolica of the fourteenth century..are..ornamented with arabesque patterns in yellow and green upon a blue ground.

1851 Art Jrnl. Illustr. Catal. 282/1 Messrs. Minton & Co., of Stoke-upon-Trent, Staffordshire, exhibit some excellent flower-vases, coloured after the style of the old Majolica.

1856 J. C. Robinson Catal. Soulages Coll. 50 The pieces..which, in the fifteenth century, were curtly termed by the Italians ‘Majorca’ or ‘Majorica’, and thence by corruption ‘Majolica’, a term which..ultimately obtained a place in the language, and was applied indiscriminately to all kinds of glazed earthenware.

1907 L. M. Solon & W. Burton Hist. & Descr. Ital. Majolica 2 The brilliant and picturesque majolica of Italy.

1969 R. Mayer Dict. Art Terms & Techniques 231/1 The high reputation of majolica as a ware of outstanding design and quality was gained in Renaissance Italy from the 15th to the 17th century.

1989 J. Rasmussen Ital. Majolica (Metrop. Museum of Art, N.Y.) Introd. p. xi The finest and most comprehensive collection of Italian Renaissance majolica in the United States.

2002 R. W. Jamieson Domest. Archit. & Power vi. 190 The lack of locally produced majolicas in the seventeenth-century-excavated context suggests that Panamanian majolicas were the only tin-glazed wares available in early colonial Cuenca.

3. A type of earthenware first made in the 19th cent., with coloured decoration on an opaque white tin (or sometimes lead) glaze, of vaguely Renaissance inspiration; (also) the technique of painting on to unfired opaque white glaze.Majolica was introduced by Henry Minton in 1851; it is typically used for large decorative items, tableware, tiles, and figures.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > clay compositions > baked clay > pottery or ceramics > [noun] > English pottery > imitating foreign wares

Gombroon1698

Bristol1776

majolica1851

1851 London Jrnl. Arts, Sci., & Manuf. 39 61 The specimens of the revived majolica in the Exhibition are by Minton; but the style of art in which they are executed does not deserve commendation.

1877 Aldine 8 286/3 The Minton majolica of to-day is composed of materials brought together from the ends of the earth, selected with greatest care.

1892 Pop. Sci. Jan. 294 In 1879 the firm name was changed to Griffen, Smith & Co., and in the following year the manufacture of ‘Etruscan’ majolica was added.

1903 H. Ries Clays of U.S. (U.S. Geol. Surv.) 37 Ornamental pottery, terra cotta, majolica, garden furniture, tombstones.

1921 D. H. Lawrence Lost Girl iv. 58 Fields and roads, all golden and floating like atmospheric majolica.

2008 Penland Bk. Ceramics 94/2 When I began doing majolica, bright, stable, food-safe reds were not available.

†4. A compact white limestone found in Italy. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > structure of the earth > constituent materials > rock > sedimentary rock > [noun] > limestone > type of

mailley1747

madrepore1809

limestone1813

roach1813

madrepore marble1839

majolica1866

post rock1958

1866 P. H. Lawrence tr. B. von Cotta Rocks Classified 283 Majolica, a white compact limestone.

B. adj.

Of, made of, or of the nature of majolica (senses A. 2, A. 3).

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > clay compositions > baked clay > pottery or ceramics > [adjective] > types of majolica

Faenza1669

majolica1814

Urbino1836

Pesaro1856

Gubbio1857

Castelli1868

Orvieto1925

1814 Sunday School Repository Jan. 517 The walls, floor, and portions of the ceiling, are covered with encaustic and majolica tiles of a delicate tint and pattern.

1848 H. R. Forster Stowe Catal. 13 Ornamental China, and Majolica, or Raffaelle Ware, from the Duchess's Drawing-room.

1861 Our Eng. Home 153 Majolica dishes were every day more in request.

1873 F. B. Palliser tr. A. Jacquemart Hist. Ceramic Art 245 In the first years of the sixteenth century, a Florentine artist carried the majolica art into Spain.

1919 E. Hendrick Chem. Everyday Life 93 A partial list of these uses is porcelain, table ware, cooking vessels, majolica stoves, polishing brick, [etc.].

1938 H. G. Wells Apropos of Dolores iii. 113 A vast majolica plaque insisting upon the Rape of the Sabines.

1947 J. C. Rich Materials & Methods Sculpt. ii. 49 There are many types of glazes, including glass or Majolica glazes, matt and semimatt glazes, crystalline and crackle glazes.

1969 Canad. Antiques Collector Dec. 27/1 Maiolica..not to be confused with Majolica earthenware made at the Minton factory in England during the late 1800's.

1988 Christie's (Amsterdam) Sale Catal.: Saturday Sales 25 June 14/2 A very large Cantagalli-Florence majolica wreath and medallion, in the della Robbia style.

1991 Victoria Apr. 21/2 Other whimsical pieces featured are an 1880's majolica teapot that looks like a cauliflower.

2011 M. F. Moran Warman's Antiques & Collectibles 2012 (ed. 45) 195 (caption) J. B. Owens Majolica jardiniere in blended green and blue glaze.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2000; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	majolica
释义	majolican.adj. Brit. /məˈdʒɒlᵻkə/, /məˈjɒlᵻkə/, U.S. /məˈdʒɑləkə/, /məˈjɑləkə/ Forms: 1500s maiolica, 1500s maiolique, 1800s– majolica. Also with capital initial. See also maiolica n. and adj. Origin: A borrowing from Italian. Etymons: Italian maiolica, majolica. Etymology: < Italian maiolica, †majolica (a1498; earlier catinum de maiolica 1431; in 16th cent. also in form maiorica ) lustreware in the Spanish manner, as shipped from or via Majorca (later applied to any tin-glaze pottery; 1584 in sense A. 1 in passage translated in 1598 at sense A. 1) < Maiolica , Majolica Majorca (in Dante, now obsolete; compare post-classical Latin Majolica (1368)) < post-classical Latin Maiorica Majorca (see Majorcan adj. and n.).It is uncertain whether ‘woorke of Maiolica’ in quot. 1555 at sense A. 2 is a periphrasis for ‘Majolica ware’ or whether ‘Maiolica’ here denotes the island itself. Quot. 1585 at sense A. 2 shows an isolated borrowing via Middle French majolique (1556; also in 16th cent. in forms majoricque , majorique ; compare earlier phrase platz de terre de Mailloreque (1447)). In both of these quots., and in quot. 1598 at sense A. 1, the precise value of the -i- is uncertain. Compare also:1600 J. Pory tr. J. Leo Africanus Geogr. Hist. Afr. iii. 127 The walles..are adorned with plaister-worke of Majorica. 19th-cent. uses probably represent a reborrowing of the Italian word, rapidly current in two distinct forms, majolica and maiolica , the second of which (see maiolica n. and adj.) subsequently became for many speakers distinguished also in sense. During the 19th cent. majolica was the predominant spelling, with j pronounced /dʒ/, although maiolica also occurs (see maiolica n. and adj.). Cent. Dict. (1890) added an ‘Italian pronunciation’ with /j/, while N.E.D. (1904) and Webster (1909) gave alternative naturalized pronunciations, with /dʒ/ and /j/. The j spelling, though not uncommon, became less frequent than the i spelling during the 20th cent. in British use in sense A. 2, the spelling maiolica frequently being used in sense A. 2 (especially by art historians) contrastively with majolica in sense A. 3; U.S. dictionaries, however, still record the j spelling and corresponding pronunciation with /dʒ/ as commoner (compare French, in which the spelling maïolique is in the late 20th cent. much less common than majolique, with corresponding pronunciation with /ʒ/; for the j spelling compare also German Majolika, Dutch majolica). A. n. †1. A red earth used as a pigment. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > colour > named colours > red or redness > red colouring matter > [noun] > earths as colouring matter red stoneeOE red eartheOE redding1292 raddlea1350 ruddle1353 rubric?1440 red ochre1481 sinoper1501 red1538 red chalk1538 sinople1548 terra sigillata1563 almagre1598 majolica1598 minium1613 orell1614 reddle1648 India red1668 Indian red1672 riddle1681 smit1728 Persian earth1735 red marl1748 abraum1753 Terra Sienna1760 tivera1825 kokowai1836 sinopia1844 sinopis1857 1598 R. Haydocke tr. G. P. Lomazzo Tracte Artes Paintinge iii. iv. 99 Reddes are made..of the red earth called Maiolica, otherwise browne of spaine. 2. A fine kind of Renaissance Italian earthenware with coloured decoration on an opaque white tin glaze; (more generally) any tin-glazed earthenware in the same stylistic tradition, esp. Hispano-Moresque lustreware; (also) an example of such earthenware; = maiolica n. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > clay compositions > baked clay > pottery or ceramics > [noun] > Italian pottery Raphael ware1785 Della Robbia1805 majolica1820 maiolica1831 mezza-maiolica1850 terraglia1850 Faenza1856 Castel Durante1857 tondino1885 1555 R. Eden in tr. Peter Martyr of Angleria Decades of Newe Worlde f. 239^v The fine whyte earthe cauled Porcellana, of the which are made the earthen dysshes of the woorke of Maiolica. 1585 T. Washington tr. N. de Nicolay Nauigations Turkie i. xi. 13 Two great platters of Maiolique [printed Macolique].] 1820 W. A. Cadell Journey Carniola, Italy & France iv. 187 A room contains majolica, the thick and clumsy earthenware, made by Castelfranco, ornamented with mythological designs. 1850 Gentleman's Mag. Aug. 165/1 The early specimens of Majolica of the fourteenth century..are..ornamented with arabesque patterns in yellow and green upon a blue ground. 1851 Art Jrnl. Illustr. Catal. 282/1 Messrs. Minton & Co., of Stoke-upon-Trent, Staffordshire, exhibit some excellent flower-vases, coloured after the style of the old Majolica. 1856 J. C. Robinson Catal. Soulages Coll. 50 The pieces..which, in the fifteenth century, were curtly termed by the Italians ‘Majorca’ or ‘Majorica’, and thence by corruption ‘Majolica’, a term which..ultimately obtained a place in the language, and was applied indiscriminately to all kinds of glazed earthenware. 1907 L. M. Solon & W. Burton Hist. & Descr. Ital. Majolica 2 The brilliant and picturesque majolica of Italy. 1969 R. Mayer Dict. Art Terms & Techniques 231/1 The high reputation of majolica as a ware of outstanding design and quality was gained in Renaissance Italy from the 15th to the 17th century. 1989 J. Rasmussen Ital. Majolica (Metrop. Museum of Art, N.Y.) Introd. p. xi The finest and most comprehensive collection of Italian Renaissance majolica in the United States. 2002 R. W. Jamieson Domest. Archit. & Power vi. 190 The lack of locally produced majolicas in the seventeenth-century-excavated context suggests that Panamanian majolicas were the only tin-glazed wares available in early colonial Cuenca. 3. A type of earthenware first made in the 19th cent., with coloured decoration on an opaque white tin (or sometimes lead) glaze, of vaguely Renaissance inspiration; (also) the technique of painting on to unfired opaque white glaze.Majolica was introduced by Henry Minton in 1851; it is typically used for large decorative items, tableware, tiles, and figures. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > clay compositions > baked clay > pottery or ceramics > [noun] > English pottery > imitating foreign wares Gombroon1698 Bristol1776 majolica1851 1851 London Jrnl. Arts, Sci., & Manuf. 39 61 The specimens of the revived majolica in the Exhibition are by Minton; but the style of art in which they are executed does not deserve commendation. 1877 Aldine 8 286/3 The Minton majolica of to-day is composed of materials brought together from the ends of the earth, selected with greatest care. 1892 Pop. Sci. Jan. 294 In 1879 the firm name was changed to Griffen, Smith & Co., and in the following year the manufacture of ‘Etruscan’ majolica was added. 1903 H. Ries Clays of U.S. (U.S. Geol. Surv.) 37 Ornamental pottery, terra cotta, majolica, garden furniture, tombstones. 1921 D. H. Lawrence Lost Girl iv. 58 Fields and roads, all golden and floating like atmospheric majolica. 2008 Penland Bk. Ceramics 94/2 When I began doing majolica, bright, stable, food-safe reds were not available. †4. A compact white limestone found in Italy. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > structure of the earth > constituent materials > rock > sedimentary rock > [noun] > limestone > type of mailley1747 madrepore1809 limestone1813 roach1813 madrepore marble1839 majolica1866 post rock1958 1866 P. H. Lawrence tr. B. von Cotta Rocks Classified 283 Majolica, a white compact limestone. B. adj. Of, made of, or of the nature of majolica (senses A. 2, A. 3). ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > clay compositions > baked clay > pottery or ceramics > [adjective] > types of majolica Faenza1669 majolica1814 Urbino1836 Pesaro1856 Gubbio1857 Castelli1868 Orvieto1925 1814 Sunday School Repository Jan. 517 The walls, floor, and portions of the ceiling, are covered with encaustic and majolica tiles of a delicate tint and pattern. 1848 H. R. Forster Stowe Catal. 13 Ornamental China, and Majolica, or Raffaelle Ware, from the Duchess's Drawing-room. 1861 Our Eng. Home 153 Majolica dishes were every day more in request. 1873 F. B. Palliser tr. A. Jacquemart Hist. Ceramic Art 245 In the first years of the sixteenth century, a Florentine artist carried the majolica art into Spain. 1919 E. Hendrick Chem. Everyday Life 93 A partial list of these uses is porcelain, table ware, cooking vessels, majolica stoves, polishing brick, [etc.]. 1938 H. G. Wells Apropos of Dolores iii. 113 A vast majolica plaque insisting upon the Rape of the Sabines. 1947 J. C. Rich Materials & Methods Sculpt. ii. 49 There are many types of glazes, including glass or Majolica glazes, matt and semimatt glazes, crystalline and crackle glazes. 1969 Canad. Antiques Collector Dec. 27/1 Maiolica..not to be confused with Majolica earthenware made at the Minton factory in England during the late 1800's. 1988 Christie's (Amsterdam) Sale Catal.: Saturday Sales 25 June 14/2 A very large Cantagalli-Florence majolica wreath and medallion, in the della Robbia style. 1991 Victoria Apr. 21/2 Other whimsical pieces featured are an 1880's majolica teapot that looks like a cauliflower. 2011 M. F. Moran Warman's Antiques & Collectibles 2012 (ed. 45) 195 (caption) J. B. Owens Majolica jardiniere in blended green and blue glaze. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2000; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < n.adj.1598
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