Northmann.

Brit.

/ˈnɔːθmən/, U.S.

/ˈnɔrθm(ə)n/

Inflections: Plural Northmen.

Forms: see north adv., adj., and n. and man n.¹; also Scottish 1500s Nortmans (plural). Also with lower-case initial.

Origin: A word inherited from Germanic.

Etymology: Cognate with or formed similarly to Old Frisian Northmann , Middle Low German Nōrtman , Old High German Northman , Nordman (Middle High German Nortman , German Nordmanne ), Old Icelandic Norðmaðr (plural Norðmenn ), Old Swedish Nordhman (Swedish Nordman ), Danish Nordmand < the Germanic base of north adj. + the Germanic base of man n.¹ The Germanic word was borrowed (via various of the above languages) into post-classical Latin as Nordmannus (late 9th cent. in a British source, mid 10th cent. in a continental source), Nortmannus (late 9th cent. in a Frankish source), Northmannus (11th cent. in a British source), and into Early Irish as Nordmann . Compare Norman n.¹The word apparently became obsolete at the end of the Old English period and was re-formed in the 16th cent.

1. A native or inhabitant of northern Europe, esp. of Norway; a Viking. Frequently in plural. Now historical.Chiefly but not necessarily designating a man.

ΘΚΠ

the world > people > nations > native or inhabitant of Europe > the Scandinavians > [noun] > native or inhabitant of Scandinavia

Danish833

Dane901

NorthmaneOE

Scandian1668

Norseman1817

Scandinavian1830

herring choker1899

Scandihoovian1929

Scand1930

eOE Acct. Voy. Ohthere & Wulfstan in tr. Orosius Hist. (BL Add.) (1980) i. i. 13 Ohthere sæde..þæt he ealra Norðmonna norþmest bude.

eOE Battle of Brunanburh (Parker) 32 Þær geflemed wearð Norðmanna bregu.

OE Ælfric Lives of Saints (Julius) (1900) II. 180 Him onbugon þa Francan and þa fyrlenan Norðmenn to þam wynsuman iuce wuldres cynincges.

1596 J. Dalrymple tr. J. Leslie Hist. Scotl. (1888) I. 82 Quhen the Danes ar dung out, the Nortmans establishes..ane Impire.

1605 R. Verstegan Restit. Decayed Intelligence vi. 165 Their habitation was in Norway, so called for the northern situation there-of, and themselues Northmen,..vpon lyke reason.

1817 W. Scott Harold iii. vi. 86 O'er Eric, Inguar's son, Dane and Northman piled the stone.

1845 Proc. Philol. Soc. 2 78 This admixture of the Northmen in the population of the Northumbrian provinces.

1887 H. R. Haweis Light of Ages vii. 199 Wherever the North-man landed, he settled.

1916 Amer. Hist. Rev. 21 232 The settlement within its borders of German Franks and Scandinavian Northmen had not affected the national identity of the people of France.

1953 G. Turville-Petre Orig. Icelandic Lit. v. 126 The proud and vengeful heroes whom the northmen admired most.

1974 D. Yarwood Archit. Europe iv. 136/2 The Northmen (Norsemen) settled here and by the early tenth century were converted to Christianity.

2. Canadian. An employee in the fur trade who spends the winter transporting goods in northern regions of Canada. Cf. winterer n. 1a. Now historical.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > worker > workers according to type of work > manual or industrial worker > workers with specific materials > worker with skins or hides > [noun] > worker with furs > involved in specific process

beaver-cutter1725

Northman1793

fur-puller1886

puller1890

pointer1929

1793 J. MacDonell Diary in C. M. Gates Five Fur Traders (1933) 93 The North men while here live in tents of different sizes pitched at random.

1894 A. Begg Hist. Brit. Columbia 102 To the north-men, as the employés who wintered in the forest were called, were attached more than seven hundred native women and children.

1938 P. H. Godsell Red Hunters of Snows 55 The freighting was taken over by the boastful, hard-drinking, hard-fighting Northmen whose duty it was to convey the goods to the distant wilds of Saskatchewan and the Athabasca.

1987 Canad. Geographic Dec. 42/2 The aristocrats of the waterways were les hommes du nord, the northmen who wintered in the fur country and delivered the payloads.

†3. U.S. = northerner n. 2. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > people > nations > native or inhabitant of America > native or inhabitant of North America > native or inhabitant of U.S.A. > [noun] > parts of

New Englander1637

bayman1641

New English1647

Novangle1650

Novanglian1752

Yankee1765

cracker1766

Yank?1778

bushwhacker1809

tuckahoe1816

southerner1817

Yengees1819

muskrat1823

blue belly1827

half horse and half alligator1828

Southron1828

northerner1831

westerner1835

Northman1836

Easterner1838

Far-Wester1843

southwesterner1845

western1846

sand-hiller1848

Vineyarder1851

mountain boomer1859

Far Westerner1862

blue-nosed Yankee1866

Appalachian1888

sloper1892

Ozarkian1893

rebel1895

reb1897

Middle Westerner1899

hillbilly1900

Midwesterner1916

Ozarker1920

Geechee1926

Middle American1944

upstater1944

Mid-American1959

1836 Southern Literary Messenger 2 434 From my very heart, northman as I am, I admire and affect this good remnant of olden time.

1862 in F. Moore Rebellion Rec. (1863) V. ii. 281/2 No regiments calling themselves Mississippians are marching with the Northmen.

1882 P. H. Hayne Poems 77 The Northmen's mailed ‘Invincibles’ steamed up fair Charleston Bay.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2003; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	northman
释义	Northmann. Brit. /ˈnɔːθmən/, U.S. /ˈnɔrθm(ə)n/ Inflections: Plural Northmen. Forms: see north adv., adj., and n. and man n.¹; also Scottish 1500s Nortmans (plural). Also with lower-case initial. Origin: A word inherited from Germanic. Etymology: Cognate with or formed similarly to Old Frisian Northmann , Middle Low German Nōrtman , Old High German Northman , Nordman (Middle High German Nortman , German Nordmanne ), Old Icelandic Norðmaðr (plural Norðmenn ), Old Swedish Nordhman (Swedish Nordman ), Danish Nordmand < the Germanic base of north adj. + the Germanic base of man n.¹ The Germanic word was borrowed (via various of the above languages) into post-classical Latin as Nordmannus (late 9th cent. in a British source, mid 10th cent. in a continental source), Nortmannus (late 9th cent. in a Frankish source), Northmannus (11th cent. in a British source), and into Early Irish as Nordmann . Compare Norman n.¹The word apparently became obsolete at the end of the Old English period and was re-formed in the 16th cent. 1. A native or inhabitant of northern Europe, esp. of Norway; a Viking. Frequently in plural. Now historical.Chiefly but not necessarily designating a man. ΘΚΠ the world > people > nations > native or inhabitant of Europe > the Scandinavians > [noun] > native or inhabitant of Scandinavia Danish833 Dane901 NorthmaneOE Scandian1668 Norseman1817 Scandinavian1830 herring choker1899 Scandihoovian1929 Scand1930 eOE Acct. Voy. Ohthere & Wulfstan in tr. Orosius Hist. (BL Add.) (1980) i. i. 13 Ohthere sæde..þæt he ealra Norðmonna norþmest bude. eOE Battle of Brunanburh (Parker) 32 Þær geflemed wearð Norðmanna bregu. OE Ælfric Lives of Saints (Julius) (1900) II. 180 Him onbugon þa Francan and þa fyrlenan Norðmenn to þam wynsuman iuce wuldres cynincges. 1596 J. Dalrymple tr. J. Leslie Hist. Scotl. (1888) I. 82 Quhen the Danes ar dung out, the Nortmans establishes..ane Impire. 1605 R. Verstegan Restit. Decayed Intelligence vi. 165 Their habitation was in Norway, so called for the northern situation there-of, and themselues Northmen,..vpon lyke reason. 1817 W. Scott Harold iii. vi. 86 O'er Eric, Inguar's son, Dane and Northman piled the stone. 1845 Proc. Philol. Soc. 2 78 This admixture of the Northmen in the population of the Northumbrian provinces. 1887 H. R. Haweis Light of Ages vii. 199 Wherever the North-man landed, he settled. 1916 Amer. Hist. Rev. 21 232 The settlement within its borders of German Franks and Scandinavian Northmen had not affected the national identity of the people of France. 1953 G. Turville-Petre Orig. Icelandic Lit. v. 126 The proud and vengeful heroes whom the northmen admired most. 1974 D. Yarwood Archit. Europe iv. 136/2 The Northmen (Norsemen) settled here and by the early tenth century were converted to Christianity. 2. Canadian. An employee in the fur trade who spends the winter transporting goods in northern regions of Canada. Cf. winterer n. 1a. Now historical. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > worker > workers according to type of work > manual or industrial worker > workers with specific materials > worker with skins or hides > [noun] > worker with furs > involved in specific process beaver-cutter1725 Northman1793 fur-puller1886 puller1890 pointer1929 1793 J. MacDonell Diary in C. M. Gates Five Fur Traders (1933) 93 The North men while here live in tents of different sizes pitched at random. 1894 A. Begg Hist. Brit. Columbia 102 To the north-men, as the employés who wintered in the forest were called, were attached more than seven hundred native women and children. 1938 P. H. Godsell Red Hunters of Snows 55 The freighting was taken over by the boastful, hard-drinking, hard-fighting Northmen whose duty it was to convey the goods to the distant wilds of Saskatchewan and the Athabasca. 1987 Canad. Geographic Dec. 42/2 The aristocrats of the waterways were les hommes du nord, the northmen who wintered in the fur country and delivered the payloads. †3. U.S. = northerner n. 2. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > people > nations > native or inhabitant of America > native or inhabitant of North America > native or inhabitant of U.S.A. > [noun] > parts of New Englander1637 bayman1641 New English1647 Novangle1650 Novanglian1752 Yankee1765 cracker1766 Yank?1778 bushwhacker1809 tuckahoe1816 southerner1817 Yengees1819 muskrat1823 blue belly1827 half horse and half alligator1828 Southron1828 northerner1831 westerner1835 Northman1836 Easterner1838 Far-Wester1843 southwesterner1845 western1846 sand-hiller1848 Vineyarder1851 mountain boomer1859 Far Westerner1862 blue-nosed Yankee1866 Appalachian1888 sloper1892 Ozarkian1893 rebel1895 reb1897 Middle Westerner1899 hillbilly1900 Midwesterner1916 Ozarker1920 Geechee1926 Middle American1944 upstater1944 Mid-American1959 1836 Southern Literary Messenger 2 434 From my very heart, northman as I am, I admire and affect this good remnant of olden time. 1862 in F. Moore Rebellion Rec. (1863) V. ii. 281/2 No regiments calling themselves Mississippians are marching with the Northmen. 1882 P. H. Hayne Poems 77 The Northmen's mailed ‘Invincibles’ steamed up fair Charleston Bay. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2003; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.eOE
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