petroneln.

Brit.

/ˈpɛtrənl/, U.S.

/ˈpɛtrən(ə)l/

Forms: 1500s patronell, 1500s petranel, 1500s petranell, 1500s petrenall, 1500s–1600s petronell, 1500s–1600s petternel, 1500s– petronel, 1600s peternel, 1600s petrinall, 1600s petrionel, 1600s petronall, 1600s petronil, 1600s petronill, 1600s petternall, 1600s pewternel, 1700s pewternall, 1800s petrenel; also Scottish pre-1700 puitternell.

Origin: Apparently a borrowing from French. Etymon: French petrinal.

Etymology: Apparently < Middle French petrinal (1573; French †pétrinal ), of uncertain origin. Compare Middle French, French mousquet poitrinal (1561), Middle French, French poitrinal (1577) in the same sense, suggesting an etymology < poitrine breast, chest (see poitrinaire n.), apparently after the way the weapon was fired (probably with the butt end resting against the chest), although it is possible that these forms may show folk-etymological alteration.An alternative etymology derives the term ultimately either < Spanish pedreñal fire-lock (although this is first attested later in this sense: 1581; 1463 in sense ‘flint’) or < Catalan pedrenyal fire-arm (1568), flint (1578); compare Spanish pedernal (1240–50), pedrenal (c1295) flint, gun-flint ( < post-classical Latin petrinus ( < petra (see petro- comb. form¹) + -inus -ine suffix¹) + Spanish -al -al suffix¹), Catalan pedreny flint, heap of stone (undated), pedrenya flint, gun-flint (undated). Compare also Italian pietranello, pietronello cavalry soldier armed with a petronel, pietronello petronel (1598 in Florio). An alternative suggestion connecting the term with Spanish pretina, †petrina girdle, belt (cognate with French poitrine, see above) cannot be confirmed.

Now historical.

1. A large pistol or carbine used in the 16th and early 17th centuries, esp. by cavalry.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > military equipment > weapon > device for discharging missiles > firearm > small-arm > [noun] > carbine

petronela1577

craboun1602

carbine1605

dragoon1622

poitrinal1824

dragon1834

a1577 G. Gascoigne Weedes in Wks. (1587) 186 Their peeces then are called Petronels.

1589 R. Lane in R. Hakluyt Princ. Navigations iii. 746 Being by the way shot thwart the buttocks by mine Irish boy with my Petronell.

1602 in J. Stuart Extracts Council Reg. Aberdeen (1848) II. 224 Hauing and vsing of ane pistoll and puitternell..and presenting the same, to hawe schott at Andro Hay.

1663 S. Butler Hudibras: First Pt. i. ii. 131 But he with Petronel up-heav'd, Instead of shield, the blow receiv'd.

1770 A. Brice Mobiad 85 Horsemen, their Petronels in Holsters plac'd.

1813 W. Scott Rokeby i. 29 'Twas then I fired my petronel, And Mortham, steed and rider, fell.

1866 Catholic World Nov. 279 The progressive development of the fatal use of fire-arms, of cannon, arquebuss, petronel, and pistol, had gradually weakened faith in the utility of the chivalric steel coat.

1889 T. B. Aldrich Wyndham Towers 42 I would the Moors had got him in Algiers..Or that some shot from petronel or bow Had winged him in the folly of his flight.

1958 Times 29 Mar. 8 A pair of wheel-lock petronels..went for £240.

2000 W. Rybczynski One Good Turn iii. 58 Petronels were shortlived..and they were replaced by guns with so-called Spanish stocks, which rested against the shoulder.

2. A soldier armed with a petronel; = petronellier n.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > warrior > armed man > [noun] > one armed with or using firearm > one bearing or using handgun > carbine

petronelliera1577

petronel1588

carabin1590

pietranell1598

carabineer1672

1588 in D. Yaxley Researcher's Gloss. Hist. Documents E. Anglia (2003) 152 For skarfes and capps for petronelles.

?1591 T. Coningsby Jrnl. Siege Rouen (Bodl.) in Eng. Hist. Rev. (1902) 17 530 They issued out againe..skirmishinge all the waie with some of our patronells.

1602 2nd Pt. Returne fr. Parnassus i. ii. 160 There be neuer an ale-house in England,..but sets forth some poets petternels or demilances to the paper warres in Paules Church-yard.

1622 F. Markham Five Decades Epist. of Warre iii. i. §5. 82 The third sort which are Carbines, are armed Petronels.

1798 J. Bruce Rep. Arrangem. Internal Def. these Kingdoms ii. 46 The captains of petronels, were to have the power to drive the cattle inland.

1873 Appletons' Jrnl. Apr. 466/1 The imagination is at once taken back to the time when artillery consisted of sakers and falconets, and musketry of arquebuses and petronels.

1955 A. L. Rowse Expansion of Elizabethan Eng. 359 Every J.P. was to find two petronels on horseback, i.e. horse-pistoliers.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2005; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	petronel
释义	petroneln. Brit. /ˈpɛtrənl/, U.S. /ˈpɛtrən(ə)l/ Forms: 1500s patronell, 1500s petranel, 1500s petranell, 1500s petrenall, 1500s–1600s petronell, 1500s–1600s petternel, 1500s– petronel, 1600s peternel, 1600s petrinall, 1600s petrionel, 1600s petronall, 1600s petronil, 1600s petronill, 1600s petternall, 1600s pewternel, 1700s pewternall, 1800s petrenel; also Scottish pre-1700 puitternell. Origin: Apparently a borrowing from French. Etymon: French petrinal. Etymology: Apparently < Middle French petrinal (1573; French †pétrinal ), of uncertain origin. Compare Middle French, French mousquet poitrinal (1561), Middle French, French poitrinal (1577) in the same sense, suggesting an etymology < poitrine breast, chest (see poitrinaire n.), apparently after the way the weapon was fired (probably with the butt end resting against the chest), although it is possible that these forms may show folk-etymological alteration.An alternative etymology derives the term ultimately either < Spanish pedreñal fire-lock (although this is first attested later in this sense: 1581; 1463 in sense ‘flint’) or < Catalan pedrenyal fire-arm (1568), flint (1578); compare Spanish pedernal (1240–50), pedrenal (c1295) flint, gun-flint ( < post-classical Latin petrinus ( < petra (see petro- comb. form¹) + -inus -ine suffix¹) + Spanish -al -al suffix¹), Catalan pedreny flint, heap of stone (undated), pedrenya flint, gun-flint (undated). Compare also Italian pietranello, pietronello cavalry soldier armed with a petronel, pietronello petronel (1598 in Florio). An alternative suggestion connecting the term with Spanish pretina, †petrina girdle, belt (cognate with French poitrine, see above) cannot be confirmed. Now historical. 1. A large pistol or carbine used in the 16th and early 17th centuries, esp. by cavalry. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > military equipment > weapon > device for discharging missiles > firearm > small-arm > [noun] > carbine petronela1577 craboun1602 carbine1605 dragoon1622 poitrinal1824 dragon1834 a1577 G. Gascoigne Weedes in Wks. (1587) 186 Their peeces then are called Petronels. 1589 R. Lane in R. Hakluyt Princ. Navigations iii. 746 Being by the way shot thwart the buttocks by mine Irish boy with my Petronell. 1602 in J. Stuart Extracts Council Reg. Aberdeen (1848) II. 224 Hauing and vsing of ane pistoll and puitternell..and presenting the same, to hawe schott at Andro Hay. 1663 S. Butler Hudibras: First Pt. i. ii. 131 But he with Petronel up-heav'd, Instead of shield, the blow receiv'd. 1770 A. Brice Mobiad 85 Horsemen, their Petronels in Holsters plac'd. 1813 W. Scott Rokeby i. 29 'Twas then I fired my petronel, And Mortham, steed and rider, fell. 1866 Catholic World Nov. 279 The progressive development of the fatal use of fire-arms, of cannon, arquebuss, petronel, and pistol, had gradually weakened faith in the utility of the chivalric steel coat. 1889 T. B. Aldrich Wyndham Towers 42 I would the Moors had got him in Algiers..Or that some shot from petronel or bow Had winged him in the folly of his flight. 1958 Times 29 Mar. 8 A pair of wheel-lock petronels..went for £240. 2000 W. Rybczynski One Good Turn iii. 58 Petronels were shortlived..and they were replaced by guns with so-called Spanish stocks, which rested against the shoulder. 2. A soldier armed with a petronel; = petronellier n. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > warrior > armed man > [noun] > one armed with or using firearm > one bearing or using handgun > carbine petronelliera1577 petronel1588 carabin1590 pietranell1598 carabineer1672 1588 in D. Yaxley Researcher's Gloss. Hist. Documents E. Anglia (2003) 152 For skarfes and capps for petronelles. ?1591 T. Coningsby Jrnl. Siege Rouen (Bodl.) in Eng. Hist. Rev. (1902) 17 530 They issued out againe..skirmishinge all the waie with some of our patronells. 1602 2nd Pt. Returne fr. Parnassus i. ii. 160 There be neuer an ale-house in England,..but sets forth some poets petternels or demilances to the paper warres in Paules Church-yard. 1622 F. Markham Five Decades Epist. of Warre iii. i. §5. 82 The third sort which are Carbines, are armed Petronels. 1798 J. Bruce Rep. Arrangem. Internal Def. these Kingdoms ii. 46 The captains of petronels, were to have the power to drive the cattle inland. 1873 Appletons' Jrnl. Apr. 466/1 The imagination is at once taken back to the time when artillery consisted of sakers and falconets, and musketry of arquebuses and petronels. 1955 A. L. Rowse Expansion of Elizabethan Eng. 359 Every J.P. was to find two petronels on horseback, i.e. horse-pistoliers. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2005; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.a1577
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