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单词 preterperfect
释义

preterperfectadj.n.

Brit. /ˌpriːtəˈpəːfᵻkt/, U.S. /ˌpridərˈpərfək(t)/
Forms: see preter adj. and perfect adj.
Origin: Formed within English, by compounding; modelled on a Latin lexical item. Etymons: preter adj., perfect adj.
Etymology: < preter adj. + perfect adj., after classical Latin praeteritum perfectum (see preterite perfect adj. and n. at preterite adj. and n. Compounds). Compare preterimperfect adj., preterpluperfect adj.
A. adj.
1. Grammar. Of a tense: denoting a completed state or action; perfect. Also occasionally used of the time indicated by a such a tense. Now rare.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > language > linguistics > study of grammar > tense > [adjective] > past > with specific aspect
pluperfectc1450
preterite imperfectc1450
preterite perfect1522
preterimperfectc1525
preterperfectc1525
preterpluperfectc1525
plusquamperfect1644
pluterperfect1656
past perfect1868
c1525 T. Linacre Rudimenta Grammatices sig. b2 Tenses also be .v. the present, the preterimperfit, the preterperfit, the preterpluperfit, and the futur.
1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 84 The preterperfit tens as je ay parlé I have spoken.
1534 Bible (Tyndale rev. Joye) Matt. Prol. The Hebrue phrase, or maner of speach..Whose preterperfectence and presentence is bothe one, and the futuretence is the optatiue mode also.
1591 R. Percyvall Bibliotheca Hispanica Gram. sig. C The preterperfectence, the time perfectly past.
1604 T. Bilson Suruey Christs Sufferings 55 The Participle of the Preterperfect tence argueth the time when that fire was prepared for the diuell and his angels.
a1658 J. Cleveland To T. C. in Wks. (1687) 26 How canst thou then delight the Sense In Beauty's Preterperfect-tence?
1711 J. Greenwood Ess. Pract. Eng. Gram. 114 In Latin the Present Time of the Perfect action is commonly called the Preterperfect Time.
a1748 C. Pitt tr. Virgil Æneid ix, in J. Warton et al. tr. Virgil Wks. (1753) IV. 87 To express the quickness of this action, Virgil makes use of the preterperfect tense, jacuit.
1798 J. Jones New Method settling Authority New Test. III. xiv. 115 Nothing being more common among writers, than to use verbs in the present tense to denote the preterperfect tense.
1981 C. C. Weston & J. R. Greenberg Subj. & Sovereigns vii. 215 The claim for a supremacy in the two houses in this case relied on translating elegerit in the future tense, whereas the retention of the veto was associated with the preterperfect tense.
2. More than perfect; surpassing the point of perfection. Obsolete. rare.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > goodness and badness > quality of being good > perfection > [adjective] > most or completely perfect
consummatea1530
crowning1604
sublime1605
vertical1641
preterpluperfect1652
preterperfecta1784
pluterperfect1908
a1784 P. Wheatley Poems (1989) 118 Hast Thou forgot thy Preterperfect days.
1848 Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. 64 559 Dumas is one of those persons who love..to furnish the most preterperfect of apartments with the most fabulous of furniture.
B. n.
Grammar. The past perfect tense. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > language > linguistics > study of grammar > tense > [noun] > past > with specific aspect
pluperfectc1525
preterimperfectc1525
preterperfectc1525
preterpluperfectc1525
plusquamperfect1810
plusperfect1837
c1525 T. Linacre Rudimenta Grammatices sig. b2v The preterperfect and preterpluperfect, lacke in all uerbes of latyn.
1656 J. Smith Myst. Rhetorique Unvail'd 185 The Present Tense being put for the Preterperfect.
1669 J. Milton Accedence 18 The Preterit speaketh of the time past, and is distinguisht by three degrees: the Preterimperfect, the Preterperfect, and the Preterpluperfect.
1775 J. Adair Hist. Amer. Indians 38 They..sometimes use the preterperfect, instead of the present tense of the indicative mood.
1776 G. Campbell Philos. of Rhetoric I. ii. iv. 507 Though the anonymous remarker formerly quoted is in the right as to the particular expressions criticised by him, he decides too generally, and seems to have imagined that in no case ought the preterperfect of the infinitive, to follow the preterit of the indicative. If this was his opinion, he was egregiously mistaken.
1798 A. Browne Misc. Sketches II. 276 In the total inefficacy of the preterperfect of grammarians to express the real past perfect time, Lord Monboddo agrees with me... He draws a still more accurate line about the preterperfect than Dr. Clarke, and endeavours to shew that in every instance that tense is compound, and relates to the present time.
1856 J. S. Watson tr. Quintilian Inst. Oratory vi. 59 The same peculiarity happens in verbs, as ferro, tuli, of which the preterperfect is found, and nothing else.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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adj.n.c1525
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