prophagen.

Brit.

/ˈprəʊfeɪdʒ/, U.S.

/ˈproʊˌfeɪdʒ/

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: pro- prefix², phage n.

Etymology: < pro- prefix² + phage n. In sense 2 after French probactériophage (A. Lwoff & A. Gutmann 1950, in Ann. de l'Inst. Pasteur 78 734). Compare French prophage (A. Lwoff 1952). Compare also bacteriophage n.

Biology.

1. J. H. Northrop's name for: a (supposed) normal cellular protein activated by bacteriophage infection to form phage particles. rare. Now disused.

ΚΠ

1938 J. H. Northrop in Jrnl. Gen. Physiol. 21 361 When the active virus or bacteriophage is added, this inactive protein or ‘pro-phage’ is transformed by an autocatalytic reaction into more active phage.

2. A form of the genome of a phage in which it is incorporated into the chromosome of its bacterial host (or, rarely, behaves like a plasmid within the host), requiring activation before the lytic stage of infection can occur.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > biology > organism > micro-organism > virus > phage > [noun] > forms of

prophage1951

1951 Jrnl. Bacteriol. 62 317 Maturation from prophage into phage can be induced in every bacterium of a culture of K12 by irradiation with small doses of ultraviolet rays (Lwoff effect).

1969 A. M. Campbell Episomes vi. 81 Prophage insertion is a special kind of recombination process.

1983 J. R. S. Fincham Genetics xi. 281 Some prophages, such as that of P1, undergo controlled replication as free DNA circles, just like a plasmid of low copy number.

2002 Proc. National Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 17043/1 Prophages..exhibited extensive structural and positional diversity, implying that variation of bacteriophages is a major factor in generating genomic diversity.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	prophage
释义	prophagen. Brit. /ˈprəʊfeɪdʒ/, U.S. /ˈproʊˌfeɪdʒ/ Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: pro- prefix², phage n. Etymology: < pro- prefix² + phage n. In sense 2 after French probactériophage (A. Lwoff & A. Gutmann 1950, in Ann. de l'Inst. Pasteur 78 734). Compare French prophage (A. Lwoff 1952). Compare also bacteriophage n. Biology. 1. J. H. Northrop's name for: a (supposed) normal cellular protein activated by bacteriophage infection to form phage particles. rare. Now disused. ΚΠ 1938 J. H. Northrop in Jrnl. Gen. Physiol. 21 361 When the active virus or bacteriophage is added, this inactive protein or ‘pro-phage’ is transformed by an autocatalytic reaction into more active phage. 2. A form of the genome of a phage in which it is incorporated into the chromosome of its bacterial host (or, rarely, behaves like a plasmid within the host), requiring activation before the lytic stage of infection can occur. ΘΚΠ the world > life > biology > organism > micro-organism > virus > phage > [noun] > forms of prophage1951 1951 Jrnl. Bacteriol. 62 317 Maturation from prophage into phage can be induced in every bacterium of a culture of K12 by irradiation with small doses of ultraviolet rays (Lwoff effect). 1969 A. M. Campbell Episomes vi. 81 Prophage insertion is a special kind of recombination process. 1983 J. R. S. Fincham Genetics xi. 281 Some prophages, such as that of P1, undergo controlled replication as free DNA circles, just like a plasmid of low copy number. 2002 Proc. National Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 17043/1 Prophages..exhibited extensive structural and positional diversity, implying that variation of bacteriophages is a major factor in generating genomic diversity. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1938
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