quarternn.²

Brit.

/ˈkwɔːt(ə)n/, U.S.

/ˈkwɔrdərn/

Forms:

α. Middle English quarteroun, Middle English quarterun, Middle English quartion (transmission error), Middle English quartrone, Middle English quartroun, Middle English quartrun, Middle English 1600s quartorn, Middle English–1500s quarteren, Middle English–1600s quarterne, Middle English–1600s quartron, Middle English–1600s (1800s historical) quarteron, Middle English– quartern, 1500s cartrone, 1600s quartram, 1800s quartan; English regional 1800s– quartrun (Lancashire), 1800s– wartern (Yorkshire), 1800s– wartren (Yorkshire), 1800s– whartern (Yorkshire); also Scottish 1700s quartan, 1700s quarten; also Irish English 1700s quartan.

β. late Middle English quatern, late Middle English quaterone, late Middle English quatron, late Middle English quatrone, late Middle English qwhattyrn, 1600s coterne, 1600s quatran.

Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymons: French quartron, carteron.

Etymology: < Anglo-Norman quartron, quarteroun, quarterun, quartrone, quartroun, quartrun and Old French carteron, Old French, Middle French, quarteron, Middle French quartron, quatron, quatteron (French quarteron ) quarter of a pound (1244), quarter of a hundred, twenty-five (c1260), period of three months (1292–3 or earlier in Anglo-Norman), liquid measure, especially for wine (1328), quarter of a hundredweight (1340 or earlier in Anglo-Norman), measure of land (1346) < quartier quarter n. + -on , diminutive suffix (see -oon suffix). Compare post-classical Latin quarteronus, quartronus quarter, fourth part, quarter of a pound (from 13th cent. in British sources), quarternus measure of grain (from 13th cent. in British and continental sources), liquid measure (14th cent.), quartrona, quatrona plot of land (from 14th cent. in British sources). In some instances perhaps via post-classical Latin.It is unclear whether the following early example (in sense 3b) is to be interpreted as Middle English or Anglo-Norman:1326 in J. T. Fowler Extracts Acct. Rolls Abbey of Durham (1898) I. 15 In uno quarteroun croci..In j quarteroun de clowes.

1. A quarter or fourth part of something. Now English regional.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > number > specific numbers > four > [noun] > division into four > a fourth part

fourth part, dealc1000

quarternc1300

quarterc1330

farthingdeala1400

quart?1454

fardel1508

qr.1526

qtr.1571

quaternity1633

fierdhalf1674

fourth1741

c1300 St. Mary Magdalen (Laud) 510 in C. Horstmann Early S.-Eng. Legendary (1887) 476 (MED) With-inne a quartron of þe ȝere, huy comen to Marcilie.

?c1425 Recipe in Coll. Ordinances Royal Househ. (Arun. 334) (1790) 455 Put therto..a quartrone of a pounde of pynes.

?a1500 in G. Henslow Med. Wks. 14th Cent. (1899) 3 (MED) Take..a quarterne of an vnce of alyme.

1547 A. Borde Breuiary of Helthe i. f. xxiii^v Take of..great raysyns..a quartron of a pounde.

1587 W. Harrison Descr. Eng. (1877) ii. vi. i. 159 She addeth..halfe a quarterne of an ounce of baiberries.

1607 E. Topsell Hist. Foure-footed Beastes 368 Take of hony a quarterne of a pint.

1647 Will of John Clarke of Scawthorpe (N. W. Linc. Gloss.) Three quatrans of one oxgange of land.

1756 Orders 20 Oct. in Q. Jrnl. Econ. (1907) 22 74 Every Cow Comon Occupied by any person that has not at least a Quartern of a yard in his Occupation shall be demed a Cotage Comon.

a1796 S. Pegge Two Coll. Derbicisms (1896) 117 Quartern, a quarter.

1877 E. Peacock Gloss. Words Manley & Corringham, Lincs. Quartern, a quarter of anything.

†2. A quarter of something previously specified, esp. a weight or measure. Cf. sense 3. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > number > specific numbers > eleven to ninety-nine > [noun] > twenty-five

quarterna1325

a1325 St. Peter (Corpus Cambr.) 479 in C. D'Evelyn & A. J. Mill S. Eng. Legendary (1956) 263 (MED) Þis was vif and þritti ȝer & a quarteron þerto After þat oure swete Louerd to deþe was ido.

c1390 (a1376) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Vernon) (1867) A. v. 131 Þe pound þat heo peysede peisede a quartrun [v.rr. quarter, quatar; c1400 B text v.r. quaterone] more Þen myn Auncel dude whon I weyede treuþe.

1480 Wardrobe Accts. Edward IV in N. H. Nicolas Privy Purse Expenses Elizabeth of York (1830) 130 Sylk j lb. an unce and j quarteron.

1496 in M. Oppenheim Naval Accts. & Inventories Henry VII (1896) 174 A Chalder and a quarteron of Smythes Coles.

1623 Althorp MS in J. N. Simpkinson Washingtons (1860) App. 42 2 barrells of neates tongues weight 100 and a coterne.

1653 T. Urquhart tr. F. Rabelais 2nd Bk. Wks. xxix. 187 Weighing nine thousand seven hundred kintals and two quarterons.

3. Any of various weights and measures equal to a quarter of another.

a. A quarter of a chalder; a quarter of a hundredweight. Now historical.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > measurement > the scientific measurement of volume > measure(s) of capacity > [noun] > dry measure > specific dry measure units > thirty-two-forty bushels or chaldron > fourth part of a chaldron

quarterc1300

quartern1423

the world > relative properties > measurement > measurement by weighing > [noun] > unit or denomination of weight > hundredweight > quarter of hundredweight

quarterc1436

quartern1543

1423 in R. W. Chambers & M. Daunt Bk. London Eng. (1931) 154 For j c and dj. quarteron of Flaundrissh till, pris of þe c, xij d., to þe forseid kechon, xiij d. ob.

1426–7 in H. Littlehales Medieval Rec. London City Church (1905) 65 (MED) For a quartern roff tyle.

1497 in M. Oppenheim Naval Accts. & Inventories Henry VII (1896) 230 iiij quarterons salte.

1543 R. Record Ground of Artes f. 92 There be greater weyghtes, whiche are called a hundred, halfe hundred, and quarterne, & also halfe a quarterne.

1665 in J. A. Johnston Probate Inventories of Lincoln Citizens 1661–1714 (1991) 17 In the shop. Eyghty one pound weight of Honey—Two hundred and one quartram weight of fine pouder Sugar.

1786 R. B. Memorable Remarks upon Jewish Nation i. 11 An acre of good land bringing forth five quarterns [of wheat].

1883 T. Lees Easther's Gloss. Dial. Almondbury & Huddersfield Wartern, i.e. a quartern, a weight of woolen warp which is, when complete, twenty-four or twenty-five pounds.

1887 J. Lawson Lett. to Young on Progr. in Pudsey vii. 31 All work was put out to make in a certain number of warterns of slubbing for each two or four ends of cloth. A wartern meant six pounds.

1986 B. B. Broughton Dict. Medieval Knighthood & Chivalry 372 Piece, measure of capacity, length, quantity, and weight. Of cheese it indicated uncertain weight; of fruit, four quarterns.

b. A quarter of a pound (in later use English regional).In quot. 1878: spec. a quarter of a pound of flax.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > measurement > measurement by weighing > [noun] > unit or denomination of weight > pound > quarter of pound

quarter1389

quart?a1425

quarterna1425

a1425 Edward, Duke of York Master of Game (Digby) xii Take ye vi poundes of hony, and a quartron of vertgrece.

c1450 Med. Recipes (BL Add. 33996) in F. Heinrich Mittelengl. Medizinbuch (1896) 173 Tak þre quarterons of clene rosyn, & a quateron of good perrosyn, & half apounde of good oile de olyue.

1520 R. Whittington Uulgaria sig. C.viii Bye me halfe a pounde of saffron, a quarteren of cynomom.

1610 G. Markham Maister-peece ii. cxxxii. 435 Take of bolearmony a quarterne.

1649 E. Stephens tr. B. de Vigenère Disc. Fire & Salt i. 59 To tye fire to wood..mingle a pound of pitch, rosin, a quartern of black pitch [etc.].

1727 R. Bradley Chomel's Dictionaire Oeconomique (Dublin ed.) at Gimbel To prepare Gimbels, take a Quartern of Flower [etc.].

1754–6 Connoisseur No. 76 At every petty Chandler's shop in town, while the half quarterns of tea are weighed out.

1839 C. Dickens Sketches by Boz (new ed.) 359 He dispensed tea and coffee by the quartern, retailed sugar by the ounce.

1878 W. Dickinson Gloss. Words & Phrases Cumberland (ed. 2) Suppl. Quartern, a quarter of a pound of flax ready for being spun.

c. A liquid measure; (in later use) spec. a quarter of a pint. Now archaic.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > measurement > the scientific measurement of volume > measure(s) of capacity > [noun] > liquid measure of capacity > specific units of liquid measure > pint > quarter pint

quarternc1440

c1440 Liber de Diversis Med. 71 Tak betoyn a hand-full..a quartron of white wyn & a quartron of water & do all in a pott.

c1465 Care of Horses (Yale Beinecke 163) f. 53^v Take a quarte of gode ale and a quarteron of venegre.

1691 R. Ames Farther Search after Claret viii. 4 At the Mermaid we found Six fat Oyster-wives sitting, Who over cool Quarterns were smoaking and spitting.

1699 B. E. New Dict. Canting Crew Nipperkin, half a Pint of Wine, and but half a Quartern of Brandy, Strong waters, &c.

1706 Phillips's New World of Words (new ed.) Quartern, a sort of Measure, the fourth part of a Pint.

1762 T. Smollett Adventures Sir Launcelot Greaves II. xvii. 90 The waiter..returned with a quartern of brandy.

1839 T. Carlyle Chartism iv. 35 Liquid Madness [sc. gin] sold at ten-pence the quartern.

1897 Daily News 23 Dec. 3/5 Coroner: How much whisky did he drink?—Witness: Eighteen half quarterns a night..was his usual.

1931 M. Lowry Let. Sept. in Sursum Corda! (1995) I. 110 Take it to the Ship Inn.., order a half quartern—& I beg of you to drink my health.

1975 K. Williams Diary 9 Aug. (1993) 498 Then a gentleman in a white beard rose and recited a monologue about a yokel buying a quartern of beer.

1989 Daily Tel. 23 Aug. 5/7 Generally there are four gills to a pint, so the gill is often known as a quartern.

d. A measure of dry goods; = quarter n. 1a. Now historical.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > measurement > the scientific measurement of volume > measure(s) of capacity > [noun] > dry measure > specific dry measure units > eight bushels or quarter

quarterc1300

qr.1526

qtr.1571

quartern1583

raff1694

1583 in C. R. L. Fletcher Collectanea (1885) I. 234 53 quarterns, 3 bushells of malt.

1940 Eng. Hist. Rev. 55 631 Flour was generally issued for bread-making about once a fortnight when the family was at home, always six bushels of wheat and a half quartern of pease.

†e. A quarter of an ounce. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > measurement > measurement by weighing > [noun] > unit or denomination of weight > ounce > quarter of ounce

quartern1607

1607 T. Cocks Diary (1901) 5/6 Paide for a quartern of sylke 4d.

1718 J. Arbuthnot Let. to Swift in Misc. Wks. (1751) II. 123 Isaac extolls her out of a Quartern of Cut and Dry every Day she lives.

1862 Mrs. H. Wood Channings II. viii. 86 That surly old foreman says..‘What d'ye leave for silk?.. There's two quarterns down’.

†f. A measure of land; = cartron n. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > measurement > measurement of area > [noun] > a system or process of measuring land > Irish units

townlanda1500

ballyboe1550

quarter1585

poll1591

cartron1598

tate1607

quartern1679

subdenomination1720

1679 T. Blount Fragmenta Antiquitatis 3 Each [bondman] held one Messuage, and one Quartron of Land.

1800 M. Edgeworth Castle Rackrent p. xli According to the old record in the black book of Dublin, a cantred is said to contain 30 villatas terras, which are also called quarters of land (quarterons, cartrons).

g. A quarter of a stone; a quarter of a peck. rare.Apparently only attested in dictionaries or glossaries.

ΚΠ

1882 J. Ogilvie Imperial Dict. Eng. Lang. (new ed.) Quartern,..in dry measure, the fourth of a peck, or of a stone.

1907 N.E.D. (at cited word) Quartern, a quarter..of a stone or peck.

†4. Each of the four phases of the moon. Cf. quarter n. 2c. Obsolete.

ΚΠ

?a1425 (c1400) Mandeville's Trav. (Titus C.xvi) (1919) 200 (MED) Þere is not the mone seyn in all the lunacioun saf only the seconde quarteroun.

5. A quarter of a hundred; twenty-five. archaic in later use.

ΚΠ

1575 J. Awdely Fraternitye of Vacabondes (new ed.) sig. B3 The .xxv. Orders of Knaues, otherwise called a quarterne of Knaues.

1630 J. Taylor Water-worke Ded. A Quarterne of new-catcht Epigrams caught the last Fishing-tide.

1929 in A. H. Thomas Cal. Plea & Mem. Rolls London Guildhall 1364–81 291 None of them should make a quartern [1381 L. quartronem] of spurs for less than 20d nor take less than 2s for the polishing of the same under penalty of perjury.

6. = quartern loaf n. at Compounds. Now historical.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > bread > loaf > [noun] > loaves of specific weight

peck-loafa1627

quartern loaf?1711

assize loaf1762

prized loaf1762

quartern1843

four-pounder1855

sixer1877

1745 Proc. Old Bailey 4 Dec. 11/2 I sent my Man out with Bread, one Half-Peck, 11 Quarterns, five Three-Penny and two Two-Penny loaves.

1843 C. Dickens Martin Chuzzlewit (1844) viii. 94 That..loaf which is known to housekeepers as a slack-baked, crummy quartern.

1887 W. E. Gladstone Diary 3 July (1994) XII. 48 The haymakers..had tea & 25 quarterns of bread & butter.

1960 ‘Miss Read’ Fresh from Country (1962) vi. 69 There were fat cottage loaves with a generous dimple in their crusty tops, long golden ‘twists’, oval-topped wholemeals, Coburgs with four perky ears, and double-length quarterns.

2003 Bristol Evening Post (Nexis) 12 Aug. 33 The quantities recorded in 1931 was sic: beef 508lbs, ham 400lbs, pudding 400lbs, cheese 100lbs, bread 120 quarterns, beer—two hogsheads, [etc.].

†7. A quarter of a sheet of paper. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > writing > writing materials > material to write on > paper > [noun] > paper of specific size

paper royal1497

paper rial1501

sheet1510

demy1546

imperial1572

pot1579

lily-pot1593

grape1611

cap1620

crown paper1620

post1648

foolscap1660

bastard1711

copy1712

crown1712

Kentish cap1766

vessel of paper1790

antiquarian1815

quartern1819

quatrain1819

Albert note1846

cap-paper1854

sermon paper1855

Albert1859

columbier1875

Albert notepaper1881

cuatro1904

duchess1923

half-imperial-

1819 R. Southey Select. from Lett. (1856) III. 249 During the last year..at Westminster, one imposition served me:..it lasted till the appearance of the quartan might have betrayed its history.

1874 G. W. Dasent Half a Life 232 This message, written on a ‘quartern’, that is, on a quarter of a sheet of ruled paper, on which we wrote our exercises.

Compounds

† quartern book n. Obsolete an extra book provided free of charge for every twenty-five ordered.

ΚΠ

1584 Rep. Commissioners & Decree Star-Chamber regarding Printers & Stationers 15 in J. P. Collier Illustr. Early Eng. Pop. Lit. (1863) II. Any Stationer that shall bye a quarterne at ones, or more; which quartern is xxv bokes, in which case the byer hath alwaie a quarterne boke geuen him freely, that is to saie, one boke for euerie xxv that he byeth.

1733–5 E. Budgell Bee VII. 234 Some Booksellers..not contented with the Premium of the Fourth part and the Quartern Book for the Sale, resolve..to stiffle every thing I do.

quartern loaf n. now historical a loaf made of a quartern of flour; a four-pound loaf.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > bread > loaf > [noun] > loaves of specific weight

peck-loafa1627

quartern loaf?1711

assize loaf1762

prized loaf1762

quartern1843

four-pounder1855

sixer1877

?1711 Some Reasons for Alterations in Act of Parl. regulating Price & Assize of Bread (single sheet) There is no Provission in the Act for making Peck, Half Peck, Quartern and Half Quartern Loaves.

1812 Examiner 23 Aug. 531/1 The price of the Quartern Loaf still continues at 1s. 8d.

1924 Times 16 July 14/5 In February last..bakers advanced the price of bread sold over the counter in London from 8d. to 8½d. per quartern loaf.

1998 D. Pool What Jane Austen ate & Charles Dickens Knew (new ed.) Gloss. 337 A quartern loaf of bread weighed about four pounds.

† quartern wind n. Obsolete rare = quarter wind n. 2.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > weather and the atmosphere > weather > wind > [noun] > wind as means of propulsion > other

topsail1390

side winda1398

quarter wind1523

quartern wind1592

elbow-winda1722

1592 R. Greene Disput. Conny-catcher sig. A4 Thinke you a quarterne winde cannot make a quicke saile.

1819 T. Forsyth Jrnl. 1 Sept. in Rep. & Coll. State Hist. Soc. Wisconsin (1872) 6 210 Set out early with quartern wind, we halted a little after sundown.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	quartern
释义	† quarternn.¹ Forms: Old English cwærten, Old English cwærtern, Old English cwearten, Old English cweartyrn, Old English cwertern, Old English–early Middle English cwartern, Old English–early Middle English cweartern, Old English (rare)–early Middle English quartern, early Middle English cwarrterrn ( Ormulum), early Middle English cwarten, early Middle English cweartærn, early Middle English cweartearn, early Middle English quarcerne (inflected form, transmission error), early Middle English quarrterrn ( Ormulum). N.E.D. (1902) also records a form Old English cwiertern. Origin: Of uncertain origin. Perhaps a variant or alteration of another lexical item. Etymon: English carcern. Etymology: Origin uncertain; perhaps an alteration of Old English carcern prison ( < classical Latin carcer prison (see carceral adj.) + earn n.¹), although the motivation for this is unclear. Post-classical Latin quartarium quarter n., which has sometimes been suggested as a possible etymon, is not attested in any relevant sense.In Old English attested chiefly in late West Saxon texts; in early West Saxon and non-West Saxon texts the usual word is carcern. Obsolete. A prison. ΘΚΠ society > authority > punishment > imprisonment > prison > [noun] quarternOE prisona1200 jailc1275 lodgec1290 galleya1300 chartrea1325 ward1338 keepingc1384 prison-house1419 lying-house1423 javel1483 tollbooth1488 kidcotec1515 clinkc1530 warding-place1571 the hangman's budget1589 Newgate1592 gehenna1594 Lob's pound1597 caperdewsie1599 footman's inn1604 cappadochio1607 pena1640 marshalsea1652 log-house1662 bastille1663 naskin1673 state prison1684 tronk1693 stone-doublet1694 iron or stone doublet1698 college1699 nask1699 quod1699 shop1699 black hole1707 start1735 coop1785 blockhouse1796 stone jug1796 calaboose1797 factory1806 bull-pen1809 steel1811 jigger1812 jug1815 kitty1825 rock pile1830 bughouse1842 zindan1844 model1845 black house1846 tench1850 mill1851 stir1851 hoppet1855 booby hatch1859 caboose1865 cooler1872 skookum house1873 chokey1874 gib1877 nick1882 choker1884 logs1888 booby house1894 big house1905 hoosegow1911 can1912 detention camp1916 pokey1919 slammer1952 joint1953 slam1960 OE (Mercian) Rushw. Gospels: Matt. xxv. 39 Quando te uidimus infirmum et in carcere? : hwonne we þe segun untrymne oþðe in quartern? lOE tr. R. d'Escures Sermo in Festis Sancte Marie Virginis in R. D.-N. Warner Early Eng. Homilies (1917) 137 He wæs genumen & on rode gefestned, swa swa on cwarterne gedon. ?a1160 Anglo-Saxon Chron. (Laud) (Peterborough contin.) anno 1137 Hi diden heom in quarterne þar nadres & snakes & pades wæron inne. c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 18187 Sannt iohan nass nohht ȝet ta. Inn till quarrterrne worrpenn. c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) 365 Vt of þon quarcerne of þan quale-huse [c1300 cwal-huse]. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2007; most recently modified version published online December 2020). quarternn.² Brit. /ˈkwɔːt(ə)n/, U.S. /ˈkwɔrdərn/ Forms: α. Middle English quarteroun, Middle English quarterun, Middle English quartion (transmission error), Middle English quartrone, Middle English quartroun, Middle English quartrun, Middle English 1600s quartorn, Middle English–1500s quarteren, Middle English–1600s quarterne, Middle English–1600s quartron, Middle English–1600s (1800s historical) quarteron, Middle English– quartern, 1500s cartrone, 1600s quartram, 1800s quartan; English regional 1800s– quartrun (Lancashire), 1800s– wartern (Yorkshire), 1800s– wartren (Yorkshire), 1800s– whartern (Yorkshire); also Scottish 1700s quartan, 1700s quarten; also Irish English 1700s quartan. β. late Middle English quatern, late Middle English quaterone, late Middle English quatron, late Middle English quatrone, late Middle English qwhattyrn, 1600s coterne, 1600s quatran. Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymons: French quartron, carteron. Etymology: < Anglo-Norman quartron, quarteroun, quarterun, quartrone, quartroun, quartrun and Old French carteron, Old French, Middle French, quarteron, Middle French quartron, quatron, quatteron (French quarteron ) quarter of a pound (1244), quarter of a hundred, twenty-five (c1260), period of three months (1292–3 or earlier in Anglo-Norman), liquid measure, especially for wine (1328), quarter of a hundredweight (1340 or earlier in Anglo-Norman), measure of land (1346) < quartier quarter n. + -on , diminutive suffix (see -oon suffix). Compare post-classical Latin quarteronus, quartronus quarter, fourth part, quarter of a pound (from 13th cent. in British sources), quarternus measure of grain (from 13th cent. in British and continental sources), liquid measure (14th cent.), quartrona, quatrona plot of land (from 14th cent. in British sources). In some instances perhaps via post-classical Latin.It is unclear whether the following early example (in sense 3b) is to be interpreted as Middle English or Anglo-Norman:1326 in J. T. Fowler Extracts Acct. Rolls Abbey of Durham (1898) I. 15 In uno quarteroun croci..In j quarteroun de clowes. 1. A quarter or fourth part of something. Now English regional. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > number > specific numbers > four > [noun] > division into four > a fourth part fourth part, dealc1000 quarternc1300 quarterc1330 farthingdeala1400 quart?1454 fardel1508 qr.1526 qtr.1571 quaternity1633 fierdhalf1674 fourth1741 c1300 St. Mary Magdalen (Laud) 510 in C. Horstmann Early S.-Eng. Legendary (1887) 476 (MED) With-inne a quartron of þe ȝere, huy comen to Marcilie. ?c1425 Recipe in Coll. Ordinances Royal Househ. (Arun. 334) (1790) 455 Put therto..a quartrone of a pounde of pynes. ?a1500 in G. Henslow Med. Wks. 14th Cent. (1899) 3 (MED) Take..a quarterne of an vnce of alyme. 1547 A. Borde Breuiary of Helthe i. f. xxiii^v Take of..great raysyns..a quartron of a pounde. 1587 W. Harrison Descr. Eng. (1877) ii. vi. i. 159 She addeth..halfe a quarterne of an ounce of baiberries. 1607 E. Topsell Hist. Foure-footed Beastes 368 Take of hony a quarterne of a pint. 1647 Will of John Clarke of Scawthorpe (N. W. Linc. Gloss.) Three quatrans of one oxgange of land. 1756 Orders 20 Oct. in Q. Jrnl. Econ. (1907) 22 74 Every Cow Comon Occupied by any person that has not at least a Quartern of a yard in his Occupation shall be demed a Cotage Comon. a1796 S. Pegge Two Coll. Derbicisms (1896) 117 Quartern, a quarter. 1877 E. Peacock Gloss. Words Manley & Corringham, Lincs. Quartern, a quarter of anything. †2. A quarter of something previously specified, esp. a weight or measure. Cf. sense 3. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > number > specific numbers > eleven to ninety-nine > [noun] > twenty-five quarterna1325 a1325 St. Peter (Corpus Cambr.) 479 in C. D'Evelyn & A. J. Mill S. Eng. Legendary (1956) 263 (MED) Þis was vif and þritti ȝer & a quarteron þerto After þat oure swete Louerd to deþe was ido. c1390 (a1376) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Vernon) (1867) A. v. 131 Þe pound þat heo peysede peisede a quartrun [v.rr. quarter, quatar; c1400 B text v.r. quaterone] more Þen myn Auncel dude whon I weyede treuþe. 1480 Wardrobe Accts. Edward IV in N. H. Nicolas Privy Purse Expenses Elizabeth of York (1830) 130 Sylk j lb. an unce and j quarteron. 1496 in M. Oppenheim Naval Accts. & Inventories Henry VII (1896) 174 A Chalder and a quarteron of Smythes Coles. 1623 Althorp MS in J. N. Simpkinson Washingtons (1860) App. 42 2 barrells of neates tongues weight 100 and a coterne. 1653 T. Urquhart tr. F. Rabelais 2nd Bk. Wks. xxix. 187 Weighing nine thousand seven hundred kintals and two quarterons. 3. Any of various weights and measures equal to a quarter of another. a. A quarter of a chalder; a quarter of a hundredweight. Now historical. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > measurement > the scientific measurement of volume > measure(s) of capacity > [noun] > dry measure > specific dry measure units > thirty-two-forty bushels or chaldron > fourth part of a chaldron quarterc1300 quartern1423 the world > relative properties > measurement > measurement by weighing > [noun] > unit or denomination of weight > hundredweight > quarter of hundredweight quarterc1436 quartern1543 1423 in R. W. Chambers & M. Daunt Bk. London Eng. (1931) 154 For j c and dj. quarteron of Flaundrissh till, pris of þe c, xij d., to þe forseid kechon, xiij d. ob. 1426–7 in H. Littlehales Medieval Rec. London City Church (1905) 65 (MED) For a quartern roff tyle. 1497 in M. Oppenheim Naval Accts. & Inventories Henry VII (1896) 230 iiij quarterons salte. 1543 R. Record Ground of Artes f. 92 There be greater weyghtes, whiche are called a hundred, halfe hundred, and quarterne, & also halfe a quarterne. 1665 in J. A. Johnston Probate Inventories of Lincoln Citizens 1661–1714 (1991) 17 In the shop. Eyghty one pound weight of Honey—Two hundred and one quartram weight of fine pouder Sugar. 1786 R. B. Memorable Remarks upon Jewish Nation i. 11 An acre of good land bringing forth five quarterns [of wheat]. 1883 T. Lees Easther's Gloss. Dial. Almondbury & Huddersfield Wartern, i.e. a quartern, a weight of woolen warp which is, when complete, twenty-four or twenty-five pounds. 1887 J. Lawson Lett. to Young on Progr. in Pudsey vii. 31 All work was put out to make in a certain number of warterns of slubbing for each two or four ends of cloth. A wartern meant six pounds. 1986 B. B. Broughton Dict. Medieval Knighthood & Chivalry 372 Piece, measure of capacity, length, quantity, and weight. Of cheese it indicated uncertain weight; of fruit, four quarterns. b. A quarter of a pound (in later use English regional).In quot. 1878: spec. a quarter of a pound of flax. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > measurement > measurement by weighing > [noun] > unit or denomination of weight > pound > quarter of pound quarter1389 quart?a1425 quarterna1425 a1425 Edward, Duke of York Master of Game (Digby) xii Take ye vi poundes of hony, and a quartron of vertgrece. c1450 Med. Recipes (BL Add. 33996) in F. Heinrich Mittelengl. Medizinbuch (1896) 173 Tak þre quarterons of clene rosyn, & a quateron of good perrosyn, & half apounde of good oile de olyue. 1520 R. Whittington Uulgaria sig. C.viii Bye me halfe a pounde of saffron, a quarteren of cynomom. 1610 G. Markham Maister-peece ii. cxxxii. 435 Take of bolearmony a quarterne. 1649 E. Stephens tr. B. de Vigenère Disc. Fire & Salt i. 59 To tye fire to wood..mingle a pound of pitch, rosin, a quartern of black pitch [etc.]. 1727 R. Bradley Chomel's Dictionaire Oeconomique (Dublin ed.) at Gimbel To prepare Gimbels, take a Quartern of Flower [etc.]. 1754–6 Connoisseur No. 76 At every petty Chandler's shop in town, while the half quarterns of tea are weighed out. 1839 C. Dickens Sketches by Boz (new ed.) 359 He dispensed tea and coffee by the quartern, retailed sugar by the ounce. 1878 W. Dickinson Gloss. Words & Phrases Cumberland (ed. 2) Suppl. Quartern, a quarter of a pound of flax ready for being spun. c. A liquid measure; (in later use) spec. a quarter of a pint. Now archaic. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > measurement > the scientific measurement of volume > measure(s) of capacity > [noun] > liquid measure of capacity > specific units of liquid measure > pint > quarter pint quarternc1440 c1440 Liber de Diversis Med. 71 Tak betoyn a hand-full..a quartron of white wyn & a quartron of water & do all in a pott. c1465 Care of Horses (Yale Beinecke 163) f. 53^v Take a quarte of gode ale and a quarteron of venegre. 1691 R. Ames Farther Search after Claret viii. 4 At the Mermaid we found Six fat Oyster-wives sitting, Who over cool Quarterns were smoaking and spitting. 1699 B. E. New Dict. Canting Crew Nipperkin, half a Pint of Wine, and but half a Quartern of Brandy, Strong waters, &c. 1706 Phillips's New World of Words (new ed.) Quartern, a sort of Measure, the fourth part of a Pint. 1762 T. Smollett Adventures Sir Launcelot Greaves II. xvii. 90 The waiter..returned with a quartern of brandy. 1839 T. Carlyle Chartism iv. 35 Liquid Madness [sc. gin] sold at ten-pence the quartern. 1897 Daily News 23 Dec. 3/5 Coroner: How much whisky did he drink?—Witness: Eighteen half quarterns a night..was his usual. 1931 M. Lowry Let. Sept. in Sursum Corda! (1995) I. 110 Take it to the Ship Inn.., order a half quartern—& I beg of you to drink my health. 1975 K. Williams Diary 9 Aug. (1993) 498 Then a gentleman in a white beard rose and recited a monologue about a yokel buying a quartern of beer. 1989 Daily Tel. 23 Aug. 5/7 Generally there are four gills to a pint, so the gill is often known as a quartern. d. A measure of dry goods; = quarter n. 1a. Now historical. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > measurement > the scientific measurement of volume > measure(s) of capacity > [noun] > dry measure > specific dry measure units > eight bushels or quarter quarterc1300 qr.1526 qtr.1571 quartern1583 raff1694 1583 in C. R. L. Fletcher Collectanea (1885) I. 234 53 quarterns, 3 bushells of malt. 1940 Eng. Hist. Rev. 55 631 Flour was generally issued for bread-making about once a fortnight when the family was at home, always six bushels of wheat and a half quartern of pease. †e. A quarter of an ounce. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > measurement > measurement by weighing > [noun] > unit or denomination of weight > ounce > quarter of ounce quartern1607 1607 T. Cocks Diary (1901) 5/6 Paide for a quartern of sylke 4d. 1718 J. Arbuthnot Let. to Swift in Misc. Wks. (1751) II. 123 Isaac extolls her out of a Quartern of Cut and Dry every Day she lives. 1862 Mrs. H. Wood Channings II. viii. 86 That surly old foreman says..‘What d'ye leave for silk?.. There's two quarterns down’. †f. A measure of land; = cartron n. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > measurement > measurement of area > [noun] > a system or process of measuring land > Irish units townlanda1500 ballyboe1550 quarter1585 poll1591 cartron1598 tate1607 quartern1679 subdenomination1720 1679 T. Blount Fragmenta Antiquitatis 3 Each [bondman] held one Messuage, and one Quartron of Land. 1800 M. Edgeworth Castle Rackrent p. xli According to the old record in the black book of Dublin, a cantred is said to contain 30 villatas terras, which are also called quarters of land (quarterons, cartrons). g. A quarter of a stone; a quarter of a peck. rare.Apparently only attested in dictionaries or glossaries. ΚΠ 1882 J. Ogilvie Imperial Dict. Eng. Lang. (new ed.) Quartern,..in dry measure, the fourth of a peck, or of a stone. 1907 N.E.D. (at cited word) Quartern, a quarter..of a stone or peck. †4. Each of the four phases of the moon. Cf. quarter n. 2c. Obsolete. ΚΠ ?a1425 (c1400) Mandeville's Trav. (Titus C.xvi) (1919) 200 (MED) Þere is not the mone seyn in all the lunacioun saf only the seconde quarteroun. 5. A quarter of a hundred; twenty-five. archaic in later use. ΚΠ 1575 J. Awdely Fraternitye of Vacabondes (new ed.) sig. B3 The .xxv. Orders of Knaues, otherwise called a quarterne of Knaues. 1584 Rep. Commissioners & Decree Star-Chamber regarding Printers & Stationers 15 in J. P. Collier Illustr. Early Eng. Pop. Lit. (1863) II. Any Stationer that shall bye a quarterne at ones, or more; which quartern is xxv bokes. 1630 J. Taylor Water-worke Ded. A Quarterne of new-catcht Epigrams caught the last Fishing-tide. 1929 in A. H. Thomas Cal. Plea & Mem. Rolls London Guildhall 1364–81 291 None of them should make a quartern [1381 L. quartronem] of spurs for less than 20d nor take less than 2s for the polishing of the same under penalty of perjury. 6. = quartern loaf n. at Compounds. Now historical. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > bread > loaf > [noun] > loaves of specific weight peck-loafa1627 quartern loaf?1711 assize loaf1762 prized loaf1762 quartern1843 four-pounder1855 sixer1877 1745 Proc. Old Bailey 4 Dec. 11/2 I sent my Man out with Bread, one Half-Peck, 11 Quarterns, five Three-Penny and two Two-Penny loaves. 1843 C. Dickens Martin Chuzzlewit (1844) viii. 94 That..loaf which is known to housekeepers as a slack-baked, crummy quartern. 1887 W. E. Gladstone Diary 3 July (1994) XII. 48 The haymakers..had tea & 25 quarterns of bread & butter. 1960 ‘Miss Read’ Fresh from Country (1962) vi. 69 There were fat cottage loaves with a generous dimple in their crusty tops, long golden ‘twists’, oval-topped wholemeals, Coburgs with four perky ears, and double-length quarterns. 2003 Bristol Evening Post (Nexis) 12 Aug. 33 The quantities recorded in 1931 was sic: beef 508lbs, ham 400lbs, pudding 400lbs, cheese 100lbs, bread 120 quarterns, beer—two hogsheads, [etc.]. †7. A quarter of a sheet of paper. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > communication > writing > writing materials > material to write on > paper > [noun] > paper of specific size paper royal1497 paper rial1501 sheet1510 demy1546 imperial1572 pot1579 lily-pot1593 grape1611 cap1620 crown paper1620 post1648 foolscap1660 bastard1711 copy1712 crown1712 Kentish cap1766 vessel of paper1790 antiquarian1815 quartern1819 quatrain1819 Albert note1846 cap-paper1854 sermon paper1855 Albert1859 columbier1875 Albert notepaper1881 cuatro1904 duchess1923 half-imperial- 1819 R. Southey Select. from Lett. (1856) III. 249 During the last year..at Westminster, one imposition served me:..it lasted till the appearance of the quartan might have betrayed its history. 1874 G. W. Dasent Half a Life 232 This message, written on a ‘quartern’, that is, on a quarter of a sheet of ruled paper, on which we wrote our exercises. Compounds † quartern book n. Obsolete an extra book provided free of charge for every twenty-five ordered. ΚΠ 1584 Rep. Commissioners & Decree Star-Chamber regarding Printers & Stationers 15 in J. P. Collier Illustr. Early Eng. Pop. Lit. (1863) II. Any Stationer that shall bye a quarterne at ones, or more; which quartern is xxv bokes, in which case the byer hath alwaie a quarterne boke geuen him freely, that is to saie, one boke for euerie xxv that he byeth. 1733–5 E. Budgell Bee VII. 234 Some Booksellers..not contented with the Premium of the Fourth part and the Quartern Book for the Sale, resolve..to stiffle every thing I do. quartern loaf n. now historical a loaf made of a quartern of flour; a four-pound loaf. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > bread > loaf > [noun] > loaves of specific weight peck-loafa1627 quartern loaf?1711 assize loaf1762 prized loaf1762 quartern1843 four-pounder1855 sixer1877 ?1711 Some Reasons for Alterations in Act of Parl. regulating Price & Assize of Bread (single sheet) There is no Provission in the Act for making Peck, Half Peck, Quartern and Half Quartern Loaves. 1812 Examiner 23 Aug. 531/1 The price of the Quartern Loaf still continues at 1s. 8d. 1924 Times 16 July 14/5 In February last..bakers advanced the price of bread sold over the counter in London from 8d. to 8½d. per quartern loaf. 1998 D. Pool What Jane Austen ate & Charles Dickens Knew (new ed.) Gloss. 337 A quartern loaf of bread weighed about four pounds. † quartern wind n. Obsolete rare = quarter wind n. 2. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > weather and the atmosphere > weather > wind > [noun] > wind as means of propulsion > other topsail1390 side winda1398 quarter wind1523 quartern wind1592 elbow-winda1722 1592 R. Greene Disput. Conny-catcher sig. A4 Thinke you a quarterne winde cannot make a quicke saile. 1819 T. Forsyth Jrnl. 1 Sept. in Rep. & Coll. State Hist. Soc. Wisconsin (1872) 6 210 Set out early with quartern wind, we halted a little after sundown. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022). † quarternadj.n.³ Forms: α. 1500s 1700s quarterne, 1500s–1600s quartern. β. 1500s quaterne. Origin: A variant or alteration of another lexical item. Etymon: quartan adj. Etymology: Alteration of quartan adj., after quartern n.² Medicine. Obsolete. rare. A. adj. = quartan adj. 1a. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > fever > [adjective] > fevers of specific duration quotidiana1393 quartana1398 ephemera1528 quartern?1549 semitertian1565 ephemeral1576 periodical1585 typic1601 septimane1634 ephemeran1643 hemitritaean1651 nonan1657 quintan1657 septan1657 sextan1657 quartanary1669 subintrant1747 periodic1805 octan1835 typical1853 ?1549 J. Hooper Declar. 10 Commandm. ix. p. cliiii Those..that byd the pestilence, the feuer quarterne,..or souche other execrations. 1588 J. Read tr. F. Arcaeus Compend. Method f. 64^v The dropsie, quarterne fluxes and strangurie. a1661 T. Fuller Worthies (1662) Berks. 93 Being afflicted with a Quartern feaver, he was advised by his Physicians to retire into this County. 1769 Hist. Narr. Great Plague London 260 The next winter, 1557, the quarterne agues continued in lyke manner. B. n.³ = quartan n. 1. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > fever > [noun] > fever of specific duration tertian1362 quartana1387 quotidiana1398 ephemera1398 quarterna1568 day-fever1601 nonan1601 quintan1601 septimane1601 sextan1601 semitertian1609 triple quartan1625 diary1640 septan1657 third ague1674 quartanary1684 subintrant1684 intermittent1693 nonary1747 seven day fever1788 octan1799 third-day ague1818 type-fever1819 triple tertian1822 triplicate quartan (ague)1822 tetartophyia1842 a1568 R. Ascham Rep. & Disc. Affaires Germany (?1570) f. 3 Euen as a quaterne in the begynnyng is a wanderyng disease in the body vnknowne what it wil turne vnto, and yet at last it draweth to certaine dayes & houres. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2007; most recently modified version published online December 2020). < n.¹OEn.²c1300adj.n.³?1549
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† quarternn.1

quarternn.2

Compounds

† quarternadj.n.3

† quarternn.¹

quarternn.²

† quarternadj.n.³