† stalworthlyadv.
Obsolete.
1. Stoutly, strongly, etc.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > manner of action > vigour or energy > [adverb]
hardlyeOE
strongeOE
hardOE
fastOE
starklyOE
stalworthlyc1175
starkc1225
mainlyc1300
fellc1330
snellc1330
stout1338
wightlya1340
sadlya1375
sharplyc1380
tough1398
stoutly1399
throa1400
wighta1400
lustilyc1400
sorec1400
vigourslyc1400
stiff1422
vigoriouslya1450
vigorouslya1450
actuallya1470
stourlyc1480
forcely?a1500
lustly1529
fricklyc1540
dingilya1555
livelily?1565
crankly1566
forcibly1578
crank1579
wightily?a1600
proudly1600
energetically1609
stiffly1623
ding-dong1628
greenly1633
hard and fast1646
slashingly1659
thwackingly1660
warmlya1684
robustly1709
sonsily1729
forcefullya1774
vim1843
zippily1924
vibrantly1926
punchily1934
zingily1951
the mind > emotion > courage > valour > valour or stoutness > [adverb]
orpedlyOE
stalworthlyc1175
stout1338
wightlya1340
doughtilya1375
stalworthilya1387
stoutlya1400
stalwartly1489
torelyc1540
stoutfullya1578
wightily?a1600
the world > movement > absence of movement > [adverb] > in a stable manner > firmly (fixed)
stronglyeOE
fasteOE
stitha1000
hardOE
fastlyOE
steadfasta1300
stithlya1300
steevec1330
a-rootc1374
firmlyc1374
hard and fastc1380
sadc1380
sadlya1398
steadfastlya1400
stronga1400
stalworthlyc1440
solidatively?1541
hardfast1548
secure1578
sickera1586
solidly?1611
tighta1625
securely1642
steevely1790
inexcussably1816
tightly1866
c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 5520 To fihhtenn stallwurrliȝ Onnȝæn þe flæshess lusstess.
a1340 R. Rolle Psalter xxvi. 12 With þe whilke i criyd till þe stalworthly.
a1400–50 Wars Alex. 1149 It was..sa strang & stalworthly wallid.
c1440 York Myst. xxx. 85 Scho may stakir in þe strete But scho stalworthely stande.
?1507 W. Dunbar Tua Mariit Wemen (Rouen) in Poems (1998) I. 54 Sum stalwardly steppis ben with a stout curage.
2. ? Misused (through association with stale n.1) for: Clandestinely, secretly.The interpretation is not quite certain: the sense may be ‘rigorously’, ‘resolutely’ (in the second quot. a14001 designedly substituted for the ‘secretly’ of the older texts).
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > secrecy, concealment > [adverb]
stillyc1000
dernlyc1175
dernea1200
privement?c1225
hidlingsa1250
in hidela1300
in scubardisa1300
stilla1300
hidel-likea1325
privyc1330
ywryȝeliche1340
in secre wysec1374
hidinglya1382
hidlya1382
in privy1384
closea1387
secrelyc1386
stalworthlya1400
covertlyc1400
secrec1405
in hidlings1422
secretly1447
secretementc1470
in secret1474
hugger-muggera1529
in hugger-mugger1529
secret1539
underboard1548
closely1552
darkly1559
in secret wise1563
hiddenly1580
tectly1587
underwater1600
concealedly1622
underground1632
occultly1641
in petto1647
under the rosea1704
subterraneously1791
suppressedly1825
underfoot1860
the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > secrecy, concealment > stealthy action, stealth > [adverb]
softlyc1225
by stalea1240
privilya1250
slylyc1275
thieflyc1290
stealingly13..
by stealth1390
stalworthlya1400
theftfullyc1400
theftlyc1400
theftuouslyc1400
under veilc1425
thievishly?c1450
by theft1488
quietly1488
furtively1490
by surreption1526
hugger-muggera1529
in hugger-mugger1529
underhand1538
insidiously1545
creepingly1548
surreptiously1573
underboard1582
filchingly1583
sneakingly1598
underwater1600
slipperily1603
thief-likea1625
clandestinely1632
surreptitiously1643
thievously1658
clancularly1699
stownlins1786
stealthily1806
underhandedly1806
stolen-wise1813
on (upon, under, or by) the sly1818
round-the-corner1820
underhanded1823
stealthfully1828
slinkingly1830
slippingly1830
on the sneak?1863
sneakishly1867
behind backs1874
stalkingly1891
on the side1893
under the counter1926
underground1935
under the table1938
down and dirty1959
sneakily1966
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Fairf. 14) l. 2517 He dide to-gedder samyn his men..and stalworþly [Vesp. dernlik, Gött. priuili] he made ham bide til agayne þe euen-tide.
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 4310 Quen þou seis him busk to þe, þou do þe stallworthli to flei.
c1550 Batt. Otterburn vi, in F. J. Child Eng. & Sc. Pop. Ballads (1889) III. vi. 295/2 I rede we ryde to Newe Castell, So styll and stalworthlye.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1915; most recently modified version published online December 2019).
<
adv.c1175