stationary pointn.

Brit.

/ˌsteɪʃn̩(ə)rɪ ˈpɔɪnt/,

/ˌsteɪʃən(ə)rɪ ˈpɔɪnt/, U.S.

/ˌsteɪʃəˌnɛri ˈpɔɪnt/

Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: stationary adj., point n.¹

Etymology: < stationary adj. + point n.¹

†1. A point from which lines diverge; a vertex; (Surveying) a point at which observations or measurements are taken (= station n. 6a). Cf. point of station n. (a) at point n.¹ Phrases 4m. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > earth sciences > geography > map-making > surveying > [noun] > point where observations taken

station?a1560

stationary point1661

point of station1671

1661 T. Salusbury Math. Coll. & Transl. I. 259 The Earth beine very little and almost insensible, in respect of the Firmament..the star C might rise and ascend so much and so much above the Earth, that the angle therein made by the rayes which depart from the said stationary points A and E, might become most acute, and as it were absolutely null.

1727 J. Douglas Surveyor's Utmost Desire Fulfilled 26 The following Fig. 1. shall be the supposed Field to be survey'd, where A is the angular and stationary Point, from whence the Observation is to be made.

1769 J. Cruger To H.M. Commissioners for settling Partition-line N.-Y. & New-Jersey 2 Another Stationary Point of Boundary is clearly fixed, by the said two Sets of Leases and Releases, on the Northermost Branch of Delaware River.

1774 S. Dunn New & Gen. Introd. Pract. Astron. 173 In coast surveying, a base line may sometimes be made from one stationary point to another on the land.

2. A stable point, a point of no further change; esp. one that serves as a reference point; spec. †a thermometer reading corresponding to unchanging conditions or the ambient temperature (obsolete). Also figurative.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > measurement of temperature > [noun] > instrument > specific degrees on a thermometer

stationary pointa1751

nineties1873

twenties1874

a1751 B. Robins Math. Tracts (1761) I. 62 When any considerable quantity of gunpowder is fired in an exhausted receiver..the mercurial gage instantly descends..and as suddenly ascends again; and after a few vibrations..it seemingly fixes at a place lower than where it stood before the explosion; and this stationary point is [etc.].

1795 C. Chisholm Ess. Malignant Pestilential Fever 51 When I have exposed the thermometer to the direct rays of the sun..the mercury has risen in ten minutes to 130 degrees, or 42 degrees above its stationary point at noon.

1799 G. Elliot Speech Ld. Minto 29 A partial connexion of Government between two unequal countries, is not a permanent condition in which they can settle..; that it is not a stationary point, but merely transitory and progressive.

1823 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 113 357 To have the mean deviations [of a compass needle] from the most stationary point, or that which should be considered as zero, it is necessary [etc.].

1886 Brit. Med. Jrnl. 31 July 222/2 The assertion..that the stationary point, or what might be termed the zero, of vegetation is at 6° C...and that all growth and development is the result of temperatures above this point.

1913 Science 17 Jan. 111/2 After the resistance has fallen to a stationary point it is 10 ohms below the starting point.

1950 Sci. News Let. 25 Mar. 191/3 Some patients..had gotten better and then reached a stationary point of no further progress.

2011 P. L. Bonate Pharmacokinetic-Pharmacodynamic Modeling x. 395/2 (caption) After about ten iterations, the process ‘forgets’ where it started from and converges to a stationary point in the chain.

3. Astronomy. A point in a planet's orbit at which it appears stationary in its passage across the sky. Cf. sense stationary adj. 1a and point of station n. (b) at point n.¹ Phrases 4m.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the universe > planet > planetary movement > [noun] > orbit > apsis

auge1602

apsis1658

point of station1671

apsid1743

stationary point1788

apse1822

1788 Trans. Royal Soc. Edinb. 1 ii. i. 306 This series contained the means of determining with accuracy the stationary points of the Planet [sc. the Georgium Sidus, i.e. Uranus] in October 1781 and March 1782, and its opposition in December 1781.

1810 Belfast Monthly Mag. Aug. 164 Jupiter passes the meridian at about a quarter past five in the morning of the 1st... At the stationary point he is in a line between the Pleiades and the Aldebaran.

1901 Athenæum 27 July 131/2 Jupiter and Saturn..are approaching their stationary points.

2001 P. Moore 2002 Yearbk. Astron. i. 85 Saturn... On February 8 it reaches its second stationary point in the constellation of Taurus.

4. A node of a vibrating string.

ΚΠ

1831 Q. Rev. Feb. 492 This stationary point is called a node, and the vibrating portions..loops.

1895 A. P. Gage Princ. Physics i. v. 219 The deception is caused by stationary points being produced by the interference of the advancing and retreating waves.

1944 W. Apel Harvard Dict. Music 14/1 The whole phenomenon can conveniently be described..if the point of highest amplitude is interpreted as the loop, the stationary point as the node.

2008 A. Hugill Digital Musician iii. 40 Figure 3.4 shows a vibrating single string, or monochord, attached at both ends, with stationary points (nodes) at the ratios 1:1, 2:1, 3:2, 4:3.

5. Mathematics. A point on a curve or graph where the tangent is horizontal (i.e. where the first derivative of the function it represents is zero).

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > number > geometry > point > [noun] > on a curve

first polar1836

umbilic1843

spinode1852

stationary point1856

ineunt1859

triple point1872

tacnode-cusp1873

1856 Trans. Royal Irish Acad. 23 i. 476 Of these points..a certain number will be stationary points..on the curve.

1907 Messenger of Math. 37 115 The stationary points of the function f(x) are given by the equation f′(x) = 0.

1978 K. Ahmad Trad. & Mod. Math. 83 Maxima, minima and points of inflection are stationary points.

2011 K. F. Riley & M. P. Hobson Found. Math. Physical Sci. iii. 115 These general results may all be deduced from the Taylor expansion of the function about the stationary point.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2012; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	stationary point
释义	stationary pointn. Brit. /ˌsteɪʃn̩(ə)rɪ ˈpɔɪnt/, /ˌsteɪʃən(ə)rɪ ˈpɔɪnt/, U.S. /ˌsteɪʃəˌnɛri ˈpɔɪnt/ Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: stationary adj., point n.¹ Etymology: < stationary adj. + point n.¹ †1. A point from which lines diverge; a vertex; (Surveying) a point at which observations or measurements are taken (= station n. 6a). Cf. point of station n. (a) at point n.¹ Phrases 4m. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > earth sciences > geography > map-making > surveying > [noun] > point where observations taken station?a1560 stationary point1661 point of station1671 1661 T. Salusbury Math. Coll. & Transl. I. 259 The Earth beine very little and almost insensible, in respect of the Firmament..the star C might rise and ascend so much and so much above the Earth, that the angle therein made by the rayes which depart from the said stationary points A and E, might become most acute, and as it were absolutely null. 1727 J. Douglas Surveyor's Utmost Desire Fulfilled 26 The following Fig. 1. shall be the supposed Field to be survey'd, where A is the angular and stationary Point, from whence the Observation is to be made. 1769 J. Cruger To H.M. Commissioners for settling Partition-line N.-Y. & New-Jersey 2 Another Stationary Point of Boundary is clearly fixed, by the said two Sets of Leases and Releases, on the Northermost Branch of Delaware River. 1774 S. Dunn New & Gen. Introd. Pract. Astron. 173 In coast surveying, a base line may sometimes be made from one stationary point to another on the land. 2. A stable point, a point of no further change; esp. one that serves as a reference point; spec. †a thermometer reading corresponding to unchanging conditions or the ambient temperature (obsolete). Also figurative. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > measurement of temperature > [noun] > instrument > specific degrees on a thermometer stationary pointa1751 nineties1873 twenties1874 a1751 B. Robins Math. Tracts (1761) I. 62 When any considerable quantity of gunpowder is fired in an exhausted receiver..the mercurial gage instantly descends..and as suddenly ascends again; and after a few vibrations..it seemingly fixes at a place lower than where it stood before the explosion; and this stationary point is [etc.]. 1795 C. Chisholm Ess. Malignant Pestilential Fever 51 When I have exposed the thermometer to the direct rays of the sun..the mercury has risen in ten minutes to 130 degrees, or 42 degrees above its stationary point at noon. 1799 G. Elliot Speech Ld. Minto 29 A partial connexion of Government between two unequal countries, is not a permanent condition in which they can settle..; that it is not a stationary point, but merely transitory and progressive. 1823 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 113 357 To have the mean deviations [of a compass needle] from the most stationary point, or that which should be considered as zero, it is necessary [etc.]. 1886 Brit. Med. Jrnl. 31 July 222/2 The assertion..that the stationary point, or what might be termed the zero, of vegetation is at 6° C...and that all growth and development is the result of temperatures above this point. 1913 Science 17 Jan. 111/2 After the resistance has fallen to a stationary point it is 10 ohms below the starting point. 1950 Sci. News Let. 25 Mar. 191/3 Some patients..had gotten better and then reached a stationary point of no further progress. 2011 P. L. Bonate Pharmacokinetic-Pharmacodynamic Modeling x. 395/2 (caption) After about ten iterations, the process ‘forgets’ where it started from and converges to a stationary point in the chain. 3. Astronomy. A point in a planet's orbit at which it appears stationary in its passage across the sky. Cf. sense stationary adj. 1a and point of station n. (b) at point n.¹ Phrases 4m. ΘΚΠ the world > the universe > planet > planetary movement > [noun] > orbit > apsis auge1602 apsis1658 point of station1671 apsid1743 stationary point1788 apse1822 1788 Trans. Royal Soc. Edinb. 1 ii. i. 306 This series contained the means of determining with accuracy the stationary points of the Planet [sc. the Georgium Sidus, i.e. Uranus] in October 1781 and March 1782, and its opposition in December 1781. 1810 Belfast Monthly Mag. Aug. 164 Jupiter passes the meridian at about a quarter past five in the morning of the 1st... At the stationary point he is in a line between the Pleiades and the Aldebaran. 1901 Athenæum 27 July 131/2 Jupiter and Saturn..are approaching their stationary points. 2001 P. Moore 2002 Yearbk. Astron. i. 85 Saturn... On February 8 it reaches its second stationary point in the constellation of Taurus. 4. A node of a vibrating string. ΚΠ 1831 Q. Rev. Feb. 492 This stationary point is called a node, and the vibrating portions..loops. 1895 A. P. Gage Princ. Physics i. v. 219 The deception is caused by stationary points being produced by the interference of the advancing and retreating waves. 1944 W. Apel Harvard Dict. Music 14/1 The whole phenomenon can conveniently be described..if the point of highest amplitude is interpreted as the loop, the stationary point as the node. 2008 A. Hugill Digital Musician iii. 40 Figure 3.4 shows a vibrating single string, or monochord, attached at both ends, with stationary points (nodes) at the ratios 1:1, 2:1, 3:2, 4:3. 5. Mathematics. A point on a curve or graph where the tangent is horizontal (i.e. where the first derivative of the function it represents is zero). ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > number > geometry > point > [noun] > on a curve first polar1836 umbilic1843 spinode1852 stationary point1856 ineunt1859 triple point1872 tacnode-cusp1873 1856 Trans. Royal Irish Acad. 23 i. 476 Of these points..a certain number will be stationary points..on the curve. 1907 Messenger of Math. 37 115 The stationary points of the function f(x) are given by the equation f′(x) = 0. 1978 K. Ahmad Trad. & Mod. Math. 83 Maxima, minima and points of inflection are stationary points. 2011 K. F. Riley & M. P. Hobson Found. Math. Physical Sci. iii. 115 These general results may all be deduced from the Taylor expansion of the function about the stationary point. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2012; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1661
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