sweatn.
/swɛt/, U.S. /swɛt/ I. Life-blood.† 1. The life-blood: in to tine, leave, lose the sweat: to lose one's life-blood, die. Obsolete.The existence of this use is difficult to account for, since the sense of ‘blood’ which belonged to Old English swát (e.g. swát forlǽtan) did not survive in Middle English swote n.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > death > [verb (intransitive)]
forsweltc888
sweltc888
adeadeOE
deadc950
wendeOE
i-wite971
starveOE
witea1000
forfereOE
forthfareOE
forworthc1000
to go (also depart , pass, i-wite, chare) out of this worldOE
queleOE
fallOE
to take (also nim, underfo) (the) deathOE
to shed (one's own) blood?a1100
diec1135
endc1175
farec1175
to give up the ghostc1175
letc1200
aswelta1250
leavea1250
to-sweltc1275
to-worthc1275
to yield (up) the ghost (soul, breath, life, spirit)c1290
finea1300
spilla1300
part?1316
to leese one's life-daysa1325
to nim the way of deathc1325
to tine, leave, lose the sweatc1330
flit1340
trance1340
determinec1374
disperisha1382
to go the way of all the eartha1382
to be gathered to one's fathers1382
miscarryc1387
shut1390
goa1393
to die upa1400
expirea1400
fleea1400
to pass awaya1400
to seek out of lifea1400–50
to sye hethena1400
tinea1400
trespass14..
espirec1430
to end one's days?a1439
decease1439
to go away?a1450
ungoc1450
unlivec1450
to change one's lifea1470
vade1495
depart1501
to pay one's debt to (also the debt of) naturea1513
to decease this world1515
to go over?1520
jet1530
vade1530
to go westa1532
to pick over the perch1532
galpa1535
to die the death1535
to depart to God1548
to go home1561
mort1568
inlaikc1575
shuffle1576
finish1578
to hop (also tip, pitch over, drop off, etc.) the perch1587
relent1587
unbreathe1589
transpass1592
to lose one's breath1596
to make a die (of it)1611
to go offa1616
fail1623
to go out1635
to peak over the percha1641
exita1652
drop1654
to knock offa1657
to kick upa1658
to pay nature her due1657
ghost1666
to march off1693
to die off1697
pike1697
to drop off1699
tip (over) the perch1699
to pass (also go, be called, etc.) to one's reward1703
sink1718
vent1718
to launch into eternity1719
to join the majority1721
demise1727
to pack off1735
to slip one's cable1751
turf1763
to move off1764
to pop off the hooks1764
to hop off1797
to pass on1805
to go to glory1814
sough1816
to hand in one's accounts1817
to slip one's breatha1819
croak1819
to slip one's wind1819
stiffen1820
weed1824
buy1825
to drop short1826
to fall (a) prey (also victim, sacrifice) to1839
to get one's (also the) call1839
to drop (etc.) off the hooks1840
to unreeve one's lifeline1840
to step out1844
to cash, pass or send in one's checks1845
to hand in one's checks1845
to go off the handle1848
to go under1848
succumb1849
to turn one's toes up1851
to peg out1852
walk1858
snuff1864
to go or be up the flume1865
to pass outc1867
to cash in one's chips1870
to go (also pass over) to the majority1883
to cash in1884
to cop it1884
snuff1885
to belly up1886
perch1886
to kick the bucket1889
off1890
to knock over1892
to pass over1897
to stop one1901
to pass in1904
to hand in one's marble1911
the silver cord is loosed1911
pip1913
to cross over1915
conk1917
to check out1921
to kick off1921
to pack up1925
to step off1926
to take the ferry1928
peg1931
to meet one's Maker1933
to kiss off1935
to crease it1959
zonk1968
cark1977
to cark it1979
to take a dirt nap1981
c1330 (?a1300) Sir Tristrem (1886) l. 2904 His frende schip wil y fle; Our on schal tine swete [rhyme To bete].
?a1400 Morte Arth. 2145 By that swyftely one swarthe þe swett es by-leuede.
?a1400 Morte Arth. 3360 Many swayne wiþ þe swynge has the swette leuede.
c1400 (?c1380) Patience l. 364 And alle þat lyuyes here-inne [to] lose þe swete.
1487 (a1380) J. Barbour Bruce (St. John's Cambr.) xiii. 32 Sum held on loft, sum tynt the suet [rhyme feit].
1488 (c1478) Hary Actis & Deidis Schir William Wallace (Adv.) (1968–9) iii. l. 194 The Scottis on fute gert mony lois the suete [rhyme feit].
1513 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid i. iii. 10 Quhar that the vailȝeand Hector lowsit the sweit [rhyme spreit] On Achillis speir.
1513 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid vii. ix. 130 About hym fell down deid, and lost the sueit [rhyme spreit] Mony of the hyrd men.
II. Perspiration, and related uses.† 7. A medicine for inducing sweat; a sudorific, diaphoretic. Obsolete.
2.
a. Moisture excreted in the form of drops through the pores of the skin, usually as a result of excessive heat or exertion, also of certain emotions, or of the operation of sudorific medicines; sensible perspiration.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > the body > organs of excretion > excretions > perspirations > [noun] > sweat
swotec897
need-sweat?c1225
sweata1400
dead-sweat1609
muck sweat1627
strigment1646
mador1650
breathing sweat1657
lather1660
dew1674
cold sweat1707
death sweat1725
perspiration1725
toil-drop1802
persp.1923
a1400–50 Wars Alex. 3790 All ware þai swollen of þe swete & sweltid on þe son.
c1480 (a1400) St. Mary of Egypt 305 in W. M. Metcalfe Legends Saints Sc. Dial. (1896) I. 305 For rednes tuk hyme sic abaysinge, þat þe swet til his fete rane.
1485 W. Caxton tr. Lyf St. Wenefryde 4 Wypyng her visage and clensynge it fro the duste and swette.
a1513 W. Dunbar Flyting in Poems (1998) I. 207 Ane caprowsy, barkit all with sweit.
1533 J. Bellenden tr. Livy Hist. Rome (1901) I. iii. ix. 282 Als sone as his govne was dicht fra suete and duste of pow[d]er.
1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost viii. 255 Soft on the flourie herb I found me laid In Balmie Sweat, which with his Beames the Sun Soon dri'd. View more context for this quotation
1693 J. Dryden tr. Juvenal in J. Dryden et al. tr. Juvenal Satires i. 13 A cold Sweat stands in drops on ev'ry part.
1798 S. T. Coleridge Anc. Marinere iv, in W. Wordsworth & S. T. Coleridge Lyrical Ballads 23 The cold sweat melted from their limbs.
1822 J. M. Good Study Med. IV. 531 The matter of sweat and that of insensible perspiration are nearly the same.
1857 T. Hughes Tom Brown's School Days i. vii. 167 His face, all spattered with dirt and lined with sweat.
1899 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. VIII. 725 The sweat does not appear on the foot of which the nerve is cut.
b. the sweat of (one's) brow (†brows), face, etc., expressing toil (cf. 9): after Genesis iii. 19.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > manner of action > effort or exertion > [noun] > labour or toil
workeOE
i-swincheOE
swenchOE
swote971
swingc1000
swinkOE
swinkinga1225
travailc1275
cark1330
sweatc1380
the sweat of (one's) brow (brows), facec1380
laboura1382
swengc1400
labouragec1470
toil1495
laborationa1500
tug1504
urea1510
carp1548
turmoil1569
moil1612
praelabour1663
fatigue1669
insudation1669
till?a1800
Kaffir work1848
graft1853
workfulness1854
collar-work1871
yakka1888
swot1899
heavy lifting1934
c1380 J. Wyclif Wks. (1880) 51 Þei ben tauȝt to lyue in swet of here body bi comaundement of god.
1535 Bible (Coverdale) Gen. iii. D In the sweate of thy face shalt thou eate thy bred.
1553 T. Wilson Arte Rhetorique Pref. (1580) A vij b Who would trauaile and toile with the sweate of his browes?
1621 R. Brathwait Natures Embassie 136 Liue on the sweat of others browes.
1650 J. Trapp Clavis to Bible (Gen. ii. 15) 24 It was after his fall laid upon him as a punishment, Gen. 3. 19. to eat his bread in the sweat of his nose.
1718 M. Prior Solomon on Vanity iii, in Poems Several Occasions (new ed.) 486 E'er yet He earns his Bread, a-down his Brow, Inclin'd to Earth, his lab'ring Sweat must flow.]
1779 Earl of Carlisle in J. H. Jesse G. Selwyn & his Contemp. (1844) IV. 257 You are entitled to some happiness, for you have earned it with the sweat of your brow.
1832 R. Southey Ess. I. 179 When he receives his daily wages for the sweat of his brow.
1886 ‘S. Tytler’ Buried Diamonds xxvi A day laborer, who could..earn enough by the sweat of his brow to keep his wife and sick daughter from starving.
c. bloody sweat:in extended use.1594 T. Kyd tr. R. Garnier Cornelia i. 183 Warre..Which yet, to sack vs, toyles in bloody sweat T'enlarge the bounds of conquering Thessalie.
(a) that of Jesus in the Garden of Gethsemane: see Luke xxii. 44.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the supernatural > deity > Christian God > the Trinity > the Son or Christ > [noun] > blood, wounds, or sweat of
the (Five) Woundsc1175
blood of Christc1384
precious bloodc1384
rich bloodc1400
sang royal1523
bloody sweat1526
Sacred Blood1922
1526 W. Bonde Pylgrimage of Perfection iii. sig. SSSviv That moste peynefull agony of his blody swet.
1544 Letanie in Exhort. vnto Prayer sig. Bvv By thyne agonie and bluddy sweat..Good lorde deliuer vs.
1701 G. Stanhope tr. St. Anselm in tr. St. Augustine Pious Breathings 329 The Sweats of blood, which streamed from thy holy body.]
1819 P. B. Shelley Cenci i. i. 7 Tears bitterer than the bloody sweat of Christ.
(b) Pathology: see haematidrosis n.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > discharge or flux > [noun] > bleeding or flow of blood > sweating blood
blood-sweatinga1250
bloody sweat1848
haematidrosis1854
1848 R. Dunglison Med. Lexicon (ed. 7) 818/1
1877 L. A. Duhring Pract. Treat. Dis. Skin 335 Hæmatidrosis..known also by the names hæmidrosis, ephidrosis cruenta, and bloody sweat.
3. † b. = sweating-sickness n. Obsolete.
a. A condition or fit of sweating as a result of heat, exertion, or emotion; diaphoresis.breathing sweat: see breathing adj. Compounds. cold sweat, sweating accompanied by a feeling of cold, esp. as induced by fear or the like; frequently in in a cold sweat (also figurative). Cf. sense 10.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > the body > organs of excretion > excretion of sweat > [noun]
sweatingc1275
sweatc1400
resudation1578
perspiration1583
through-breathing1585
sudation1599
evaporation1626
diaphoresis1681
transpiration1707
sudorification1708
desudation1728
sudoresis1834
the world > life > the body > organs of excretion > excretion of sweat > [noun] > condition or fit of
swotea1250
sweatc1400
the mind > emotion > fear > physical symptoms of fear > [noun] > cold sweat
cold sweat1707
the world > life > the body > organs of excretion > excretions > perspirations > [noun] > sweat
swotec897
need-sweat?c1225
sweata1400
dead-sweat1609
muck sweat1627
strigment1646
mador1650
breathing sweat1657
lather1660
dew1674
cold sweat1707
death sweat1725
perspiration1725
toil-drop1802
persp.1923
c1400 Pilgr. Sowle (1859) i. xxii. 25 Yf thou myghtest dayes two or thre Haue such a swete, it wold auayle the.
c1420 J. Lydgate Assembly of Gods 2044 My body all in swet began for to shake.
c1475 (?c1425) Avowing of King Arthur (1984) l. 664 Þat heuy horse on him lay. He squonet in þat squete.
1548 Hall's Vnion: Henry VII f. iiiv Sodenly a deadly & burnyng sweate inuaded their bodyes.
1581 R. Mulcaster Positions xxxv. 131 The rule is, change apparell after sweat.
1617 F. Moryson Itinerary iii. 84 In Summer time this kind of lodging is vnpleasant, keeping a man in a continuall sweat from head to foote.
1707 E. Ward Wooden World Dissected 25 They hear him cuff about the Bed and Bedposts, and crying out in a cold Sweat.
1719 D. Defoe Life Robinson Crusoe 101 An Ague very violent; the Fit held me seven Hours, cold Fit and hot, with faint Sweats after it.
1791 A. Radcliffe Romance of Forest I. iv. 123 I turned all of a cold sweat in a minute!
1840 E. Bulwer-Lytton Money (ed. 2) iii. vi. 94 ‘Poor fellow! He'll be ruined in a month.’..‘I'm in a cold sweat.’
1853 C. Kingsley Hypatia I. xiii. 293 His knees knocked together; a faint sweat seemed to melt every limb.
1864 J. W. Carlyle Lett. (1883) III. 211 A heap of blankets that kept me in a sweat.
1905 Brit. Med. Jrnl. 25 Feb. 406 He had a shaking chill followed by a sweat.
1941 C. Mackenzie Red Tapeworm xii. 153 He would..have broken out in a cold sweat at the thought of what might have happened.
1966 ‘C. Aird’ Relig. Body xvii. 158 Cousin Harold must have been in a cold sweat in case his father died before he got to Cullingoak.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > fever > [noun] > sweating sickness
swote1481
sweating-sicknessc1503
sweata1517
stoop-gallant1551
stoop knave and know thy master1551
English sweat1552
posting sweatc1553
sweatinga1585
sweating-fever1822
a1517 in G. P. Scrope Hist. Castle Combe (1852) 294 The wyche freer dyyd of the swet in my howse.
1551 King Edward VI Lit. Remains (Roxb.) II. 329 At this time cam the sweat into London, wich was more vehement then the old sweat.
1576 T. Newton tr. L. Lemnie Touchstone of Complexions ii. ii. f. 102 The English Sweate..the Accident of which disease is sowning & greeuous paine at the heart, ioyned with a bytinge at the Stomacke.
1596 J. Dalrymple tr. J. Leslie Hist. Scotl. (1888) I. 5 That sair seiknes, named the sueit of Britannie.
a1614 D. Dyke Myst. Selfe-deceiving (ed. 8) 26 Thus it was in that great Sweat in the time of King Edward.
1660 J. Childrey Britannia Baconica 123 There was a fourth sweat between the years 1517 and 1551.
4. A fit of sweating caused for a specific purpose.
a. as a form of medicinal treatment or to reduce one's weight. (In quot. 1779 used jocularly.)
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > healing > medical treatment > heat treatment > [noun] > induced sweat
sweata1637
a1637 B. Jonson Magnetick Lady iii. v. 44 in Wks. (1640) III To clense his body, all the three high wayes; That is, by Sweat, Purge, and Phlebotomy.
1779 G. Keate Sketches from Nature (1790) II. 60 Paying my half-crown, I took a sweat, on one of the snug superannuated benches [in a hot ballroom].
1780 W. Cowper Progress of Error 221 He..Prepares for meals as jockies take a sweat.
1807 P. Gass Jrnls. 219 Yesterday we gave him an Indian sweat, and he is some better to-day.
1856 ‘Stonehenge’ Man. Brit. Rural Sports ii. v. 418/2 To hunt three days a-week, and shoot the other three, by way of a moderate sweat.
b. A run given to a horse (often in a coat) as part of his training for a race.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > racing or race > horse racing > [noun] > training or exercise run
heat1683
sweat1705
stripped gallop1896
1705 London Gaz. No. 4149/4 Stone Plate..will be run for..by Hunters..that..have [not] been kept in Sweats above 12 weeks before the day of Running.
1740 H. Bracken Farriery Improv'd (ed. 2) II. vi. 148 Those Horses which are sweat without Covering, or with a very thin one, should run a long Sweat.
1828 Sporting Mag. 23 106 The management of a Flighty Horse in his exercise or sweat.
1856 ‘Stonehenge’ Man. Brit. Rural Sports ii. i. vi. §6. 335/1 The conclusion of the second preparation should be a severe sweat.
c. A long training run for schoolboys. Public School slang.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > sport > training > [noun]
training1581
work1846
training session1850
overtraining1856
roadwork1856
cross-training1903
groundwork1906
sweat1916
repetition1919
repetition running1955
weight training1955
circuit training1957
interval running1957
interval training1962
repetition training1965
brick1996
1916 E. F. Benson David Blaize xiv. 274 You brutes have been having an innocent happy sweat along the road.
1924 R. Kipling Debits & Credits (1926) 93 For the juniors, a shortish course..while Packman lunged Big Side across the inland and upland ploughs, for proper sweats.
1983 W. Blunt Married to Single Life iv. 62 Long melancholy ‘sweats’ (runs) over the downs [at Marlborough].
5. transferred. Something resembling sweat; drops of moisture exuded from or deposited on the surface of a body; an exudation.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > liquid > liquid which has been emitted > action or process of exuding > [noun] > that which exudes like sweat
sweata1387
the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > going or coming out > [noun] > exuding > that which
sweata1387
oozinga1398
exudation1626
ooze1718
exudate1876
a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1865) I. 269 The snowe þat lieþ vppon Alpes þat brekeþ out on sweet.
1555 R. Eden Briefe Descr. Moscouia in tr. Peter Martyr of Angleria Decades of Newe Worlde f. 262v The swette of heauen, or as it were a certeyne spettyl of the starres.
1616 W. Browne Britannia's Pastorals II. ii. 29 The Mvses friend (gray-eyde Aurora) yet Held all the Meadowes in a cooling sweat.
a1631 J. Donne Poems (1633) 149 The sweet sweat of Roses in a Still.
1646 Sir T. Browne Pseudodoxia Epidemica i. vii. 26 The sea was but the sweat of the earth.
1712 R. Blackmore Creation ii. 66 The fragrant Trees..Owe all their Spices to the Summer's Heat, Their gummy Tears, and odoriferous Sweat.
1788 M. Cutler Jrnl. 24 Sept. in W. P. Cutler & J. P. Cutler Life, Jrnls. & Corr. M. Cutler (1888) I. 428 A serious sweat over the mountain.
1847 L. Hunt Jar of Honey (1848) ix. 116 The pleasant meadows sadly lay In chill and cooling sweats.
6. A process of sweating or being sweated; exudation, evaporation, or deposit of moisture, fermentation, partial fusion, etc., as practised in various industries.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > industry > manufacturing processes > [noun] > processing > other processes
ripping1463
intinction1559
sweat1573
inceration1612
rasion1617
lixiviation1664
scribing1679
beating1687
bushing1794
refinishing1842
grading1852
conditioning1858
ripening1860
scutching1861
retreatment1867
chamber process1869
installation1882
tanking1891
fobbing1898
steam curing1907
sieve analysis1928
mulling1931
linishing1945
1573 T. Tusser Fiue Hundreth Points Good Husbandry (new ed.) f. 54 Let shock take sweate, least goefe take heate.
1707 J. Mortimer Whole Art Husbandry 115 Those [beans] that are to be kept are not to be thrashed till March, that they have had a thorough sweat in the Mow.
1765 Museum Rusticum 3 225 The same barley..will not malt alike well at all times:..take it as soon as it is housed, it comes well, but whilst it is in its sweat, by no means.
1808 C. Vancouver Gen. View Agric. Devon ix. 240 After undergoing the first sweat, [they] should be ground, pressed, fermented, and casked a-part from each other.
1843 Florist's Jrnl. (1846) 4 220 There will be found to have commenced a process of fermentation, technically called a ‘sweat’.
1876 J. S. Schultz Leather Manuf. 23 The American process is called cold sweat.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > healing > medicines or physic > medicines for specific purpose > cleansing or expelling medicines > [noun] > diaphoretic
sweat1655
diaphoretic1656
sudorific1667
sweater1684
hidrotic1727
1655 N. Culpeper et al. tr. L. Rivière Pract. Physick i. i. 3 The custom of taking Purges, Sweats, Diureticks, or provokers of Urine.
1681 Ashmole Diary 6 Apr. in Mem. (1717) 64 I took my usual Sweat, which made me well.
1681 Ashmole Diary 2 Oct. in Mem. (1717) 65 I took my Sweat for Prevention of the Gout.
a1776 R. James Vindic. Fever Powder in Diss. Fevers (1778) 75 Thus much cannot be said with respect to any other vomit, any other purge, or any other sweat.
8. U.S. Name for a gambling game played with three dice. (Cf. sweat-cloth n. at Compounds 2.)
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > games of chance > dice-playing > [noun] > other dice games
rafflec1405
passagec1425
treygobet1426
mumchance1528
trey-trip1564
lots?1577
novum?1577
fox-mine-host1622
in and in1630
merry main1664
snake1688
pass-dice1753
chicken hazard1781
Shaking in the Shallow1795
sequin hazard1825
chuck-a-luck1836
Newmarket1837
chicken1849
poker dice1870
under and over1890
sweat1894
crown and anchor1902
Murrumbidgee1917
beetle1936
liar dice1946
Yahtzee1957
1894 J. N. Maskelyne ‘Sharps & Flats’ 253.
III. Strenuous exertion, anxiety; someone who experiences this.
9. figurative.
a. Hard work; violent or strenuous exertion; labour, toil; pains, trouble. archaic.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > manner of action > effort or exertion > [noun] > labour or toil
workeOE
i-swincheOE
swenchOE
swote971
swingc1000
swinkOE
swinkinga1225
travailc1275
cark1330
sweatc1380
the sweat of (one's) brow (brows), facec1380
laboura1382
swengc1400
labouragec1470
toil1495
laborationa1500
tug1504
urea1510
carp1548
turmoil1569
moil1612
praelabour1663
fatigue1669
insudation1669
till?a1800
Kaffir work1848
graft1853
workfulness1854
collar-work1871
yakka1888
swot1899
heavy lifting1934
c1380 Eng. Wycliffite Serm. in Sel. Wks. I. 259 Þer ben sum men þat lyven here in swete and bisynesse.
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 921 Of erth þou sal, wit suete and suinc, Win þat þou sal ete and drinc.
c1480 (a1400) St. Machor 1241 in W. M. Metcalfe Legends Saints Sc. Dial. (1896) II. 36 With swink & swet hiddir þai come & trawall gret.
1533 J. Gau tr. C. Pedersen Richt Vay 93 Lat wsz notht liff of the sweyt and blwid of the pwir.
1600 W. Shakespeare Midsummer Night's Dream ii. i. 94 The Oxe hath therefore stretcht his yoake in vaine, The Ploughman lost his sweat . View more context for this quotation
a1616 W. Shakespeare Tempest (1623) ii. i. 166 All things in common Nature should produce Without sweat or endeuour. View more context for this quotation
1642 D. Rogers Naaman 100 All well affected Christians would be loth to lose their labour and sweat, till they haue enjoyed the promise.
1751 Chambers's Cycl. (ed. 7) at Approach The curve of equable Approach..has caused some sweat among analysts.
1821 Ld. Byron Cain i. i, in Sardanapalus 351 Who bids The earth yield nothing to us without sweat.
1879 J. D. Long tr. Virgil Æneid ix. 598 They recognize the spoils the Volscians bring,..and, regained At such a sweat, their own insignia.
b. old sweat: see old sweat n. at old adj. Compounds 4.
10.
a. A state of impatience, irritation, anxiety, or the like, such as induces sweat; a flurry, hurry, fume. Chiefly Scottish and U.S.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > excitement > nervous excitement > [noun]
fever1340
motiona1398
quotidian?a1439
rufflea1535
commotion1581
fret1582
hurry1600
puddering1603
tumultuousnessa1617
trepidation1625
feverishness1638
boilingc1660
fermentationc1660
tumult1663
ferment1672
stickle1681
fuss1705
whirl1707
flurry1710
sweat1715
fluster1728
pucker1740
flutter1741
flustration1747
flutteration1753
tremor1753
swithera1768
twitteration1775
state1781
stew1806
scrow1808
tumultuating1815
flurrification1822
tew1825
purr1842
pirr1856
tête montée1859
go1866
faff1874
poultry flutter1876
palaver1878
thirl1879
razzle-dazzle1885
nervism1887
flurry-scurry1888
fikiness1889
foment1889
dither1891
swivet1892
flusterment1895
tither1896
overwroughtness1923
mania1925
stumer1932
tizzy1935
two and eight1938
snit1939
tizz1953
tiswas1960
wahala1966
the mind > emotion > anger > irritation > [noun]
sorenessOE
courouxa1450
courouce1450
exasperationa1549
exacerbation1582
exulceration1593
vexednessa1670
sweat1715
1715 A. Pennecuik Curious Coll. Scotish Poems in Geogr., Hist. Descr. Tweeddale App. 139 This put our Conjurer in a deep Sweet, who now had only one Shift left him, which was this, [etc.].
1753 J. Collier Ess. Art of Tormenting 216 You may talk in such a manner of the pleasure you enjoyed in their absence, as will put your husband in a sweat for you.
1884 ‘M. Twain’ Adventures Huckleberry Finn xx. 174 He was in a sweat to get to the Indian Ocean right off.
1895 H. Watson in Chap Book III. 502 I passed the half-hour that ensued in a sweat of conjecture, as to what was to fall out.
b. no sweat: see no sweat at no adj. Phrases 4.
Compounds
C1. General attributive. See also sweat-house n.
a.
sweat-drop n.
ΚΠ
1776 W. J. Mickle tr. L. de Camoens Lusiad 304 Fell the hot sweat-drops as he champt the rein.
1819 Ld. Byron Mazeppa xi. 444 My cold sweat-drops fell like rain Upon the courser's bristling mane.
sweat labour n.
ΚΠ
a1674 T. Traherne Christian Ethicks (1675) 261 All the sweat Labour of the Martyrs, all the Persecutions and Endeavours of the Apostles.
1970 Islander (Victoria, Brit. Columbia) 22 Nov. 5/1 Little by little they cleared each acre with axe and cross-cut saw. It was slow, sweat-labor.
sweat-scraper n.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > farming > animal husbandry > keeping or management of horses > [noun] > grooming of horses > grooming instruments
horse-comba1100
wisp1362
combc1440
mane-comb1564
curry-comb1573
scraper1581
rubber1598
teaseler1607
French brush1655
sweating-iron1753
dandy-brush1845
groomera1884
sweat-scraper1908
1908 Animal Managem. (War Office) 60 Sweat scrapers are long flexible blades of smooth metal.
sweat-secretion n.
ΚΠ
1899 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. VIII. 666 Over markedly ichthyotic parts, sweat-secretion is usually diminished.
sweat-stain n.
ΚΠ
1973 R. Busby Pattern of Violence vi. 96 There was a dark sweat stain down the back of his shirt.
b. spec. = ‘exciting or relating to the secretion of sweat’.
sweat-absorber n.
ΚΠ
1956 S. Beckett Malone Dies 93 A sweat-absorber for the armpit.
sweat apparatus n.
ΚΠ
1883 F. T. Roberts Handbk. Med. (ed. 5) 960 Affections of the sweat-apparatus.
sweat canal n.
ΚΠ
1890 J. S. Billings National Med. Dict. II Sweat canal, excretory duct of a sweat-gland.
sweat centre n.
ΚΠ
1890 J. S. Billings National Med. Dict. II Sweat centre.
1898 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. V. 200 The effect of this [accumulation of carbonic acid in the blood] being to stimulate the sweat centres.
sweat coil n.
ΚΠ
1899 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. VIII. 741 An uninterrupted series of changes in the sweat-coils was observed from the beginning up to the end of the disease.
sweat fibre n.
sweat nerve n.
ΚΠ
1897 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. III. 308 The sweat-nerves leave the spinal cord by the anterior roots.
c.
sweat-dried adj.
ΚΠ
1885 B. Harte Maruja iii. 83 As he groomed the sweat-dried skin of the mustang.
sweat-marked adj.
ΚΠ
1914 D. H. Lawrence Prussian Officer & Other Stories 20 His sweat~marked horse swishing its tail.
sweat-shining adj.
ΚΠ
1923 D. H. Lawrence Birds, Beasts & Flowers (London ed.) 172 And dance, and dance, forever dance, with breath half sobbing in dark, sweat-shining breasts.
sweat-soaked adj.
ΚΠ
1944 K. Levis in W. Murdoch & H. Drake-Brockman Austral. Short Stories (1951) 429 Our shirts sweat-soaked under the midday sun.
1973 ‘R. MacLeod’ Burial in Portugal i. 29 His sweat-soaked shirt was sticking to his back.
sweat-stained adj.
ΚΠ
1932 W. Faulkner Light in August ii. 28 Byron watched him standing there and looking at the men in sweat~stained overalls.
1975 H. R. F. Keating Remarkable Case i. 3 His jacket and trousers were..worn and sweat~stained.
sweat-wet adj.
ΚΠ
a1963 S. Plath Crossing Water (1971) 58 Tangled in the sweat-wet sheets I remember the bloodied chicks.
C2. † sweat-hole n. Obsolete = sweat-pore n. † sweat-sweet adj. Obsolete having a sweet exudation.Apparently an isolated use.
sweat-band n. (a) a band of leather or other substance forming a lining of a hat or cap for protection against the sweat of the head; (b) in Sport, a strip of material worn around the (fore)head or wrist to absorb perspiration.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > sport > general equipment > [noun] > sweat-bands
sweat-band1891
wristband1969
the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > headgear > [noun] > head- or hair-band > types of
frontalc1320
mitrea1382
counter-filletc1430
frontlet1478
mitra1638
head-tie1669
sévigné1826
sweat-rag1843
sphendone1850
agal1853
sweat-band1891
Alice band1944
the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > clothing for arms > [noun] > covering for wrist > to absorb sweat
sweat-band1891
wristband1969
the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > headgear > parts of headgear > [noun] > band > types of > sweat-band
sweat-leathera1884
sweat lininga1884
sweat-band1891
1891 Pall Mall Gaz. 28 Sept. 2/3 An American chemist..threatens us with lead-poisoning from the ‘sweat-band’.
1956 R. H. Applewhaite Lawn Tennis i. 12 Sweatbands..are worn round the wrist to prevent perspiration running down the arms into the hands.
1977 J. F. Fixx Compl. Bk. Running xii. 134 When I started running, I saw a lot of runners wearing sweatbands, so after sweat had dripped into my eyes a few times I went out and bought one.
sweat-bath n. a steam-bath or hot-air bath, esp. among North American Indians; cf. sweat-house n. 1.
ΘΚΠ
the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > cleaning > washing > washing oneself or body > [noun] > bathing > a bath > hot air or steam bath
stew1390
stovec1485
stufe1541
stow1614
furo1615
Turkish bath1644
estuary1657
steam-bath1725
Russian bath1770
stufa1832
sweat-bath1877
sauna1881
shvitz1937
1877 S. Powers Tribes Calif. xxvi. 244 [The Shasta Indians] have no assembly chamber..; nothing but a kind of oven large enough that one person may stretch himself therein and enjoy a sweat-bath.
1921 J. Hastings Encycl. Relig. XII. 128/2 When we turn to the Old World, we find a striking resemblance to the American customs in Herodotus's description of the use of the sweat-bath among the Scythians as a means of purification, after mourning.
1963 E. Waugh Let. Sept. in C. Sykes Evelyn Waugh (1975) xxvi. 439 I have sat in a ‘sweat-bath’ and been severely massaged.
1965 S. G. Lawrence 40 Years on Yukon Telegraph xiv. 75 They [sc. some Indians] stayed over a day and all the old men took sweat baths.
sweat-bee n. a name for the small bees of the family Andrenidæ.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > order Hymenoptera > [noun] > suborder Apocrita, Petiolata, or Heterophaga > group Aculeata (stinging) > superfamily Apoidea (bees) > member of family Andrenidae (mining-bee)
miner1817
mining bee1893
sweat-bee1894
1894 Bull. U.S. Dept. Agric. Div. Veg. Physiol. & Pathol. v. 79 (Cent. Dict. Suppl.) The sweat bees of the genus Halictus and Andrena.
sweat-box n. (a) a narrow cell in which a prisoner is confined (slang); also U.S., a room in which a prisoner undergoes intensive questioning (see quot. 1931); (b) a box in which hides are sweated; (c) a large box in which figs are placed to undergo a ‘sweat’; (d) transferred and figurative, spec. a heated compartment in which perspiration is induced, to encourage weight loss, etc.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > equipment for food preparation > [noun] > tools for preparing fruit or nuts
nutcracker1481
nut-crack1570
nutcrackers1600
crackera1640
crack-nut1656
orange-strainer1688
apple scoop1696
orange-peel cutter1757
apple corer1778
lemon-squeezer1781
corer1789
orange squeezer1815
seeder1865
sweat-box1870
reamer1894
stemmer1898
juicer1938
zester1963
the mind > attention and judgement > enquiry > interrogation > [noun] > intensive questioning > place for
sweat-box1870
society > authority > punishment > imprisonment > prison > [noun] > cell
houseOE
cabinc1522
hole1535
lodging1612
hold1717
cell1728
lock-up room1775
glory-hole1825
box1834
drum1846
sweat-box1870
booby-hutch1889
Peter1890
booby1899
boob1908
flowery dell1925
slot1947
the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > cleaning > washing > washing oneself or body > [noun] > bathing > place for bathing > bath-house > hot bathroom or sweating-room
stovec1485
sudatory1615
laconicum1696
laconic1742
sweating-room1744
caldarium1753
sudatorium1757
steam1801
sudarium1852
sauna1881
sweat-lodge1887
sweat-box1974
1870 U.S. Navy Gen. Orders & Circulars (1887) 97 He was..gagged and confined in a sweat-box of such dimensions that it was impossible to sit down.
1888 W. B. Churchward ‘Blackbirding’ in S. Pacific 28 This sweat-box is a sort of cell in the lowest part of the ship, pitch dark, and hot as hell.
1890 A. Barrère & C. G. Leland Dict. Slang Sweat-box, the cell where prisoners are confined on arrest previous to being brought up for examination before the magistrate.
1895 Pop. Sci. Monthly Apr. 345 When sympathetic visitors crowded around his sweatbox.
1897 Chicago Tribune 10 July 1/4 The upper gallery commonly known as the ‘sweat box’ in regular theaters.
1900 Yearbk. U.S. Dept. Agric. 94 After the figs were dried they were placed in sweat boxes holding about 200 pounds each, where they were allowed to remain for two weeks, to pass through a sweat.
1901 ‘J. Flynt’ World of Graft 102 He was copped out on suspicion. They put him in the sweat-box, made him cough, an' you know the rest.
1931 Z. Chafee et al. in Rep. Nat. Comm. Law Observance & Enforcement (U.S.) ii. 38 The original ‘sweat box’ used during the period following the Civil War..was a cell in close proximity to a stove, in which a scorching fire was built and fed with old bones, pieces of rubber shoes, etc., all to make great heat and offensive smells, until the sickened and perspiring inmate of the cell confessed in order to get released.
1973 ‘H. Howard’ Highway to Murder ii. 28 I ought to stick you in the sweat box until you told me the name of your client.
1974 J. Engelhard Horsemen vi. 38 I never go in a sweatbox... I lose all the weight I want playing tennis.
sweat-cloth n. a cloth or handkerchief used for wiping off sweat; a sudary; see also quot. 1872.
ΘΚΠ
the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > cleaning > cleaning or cleanliness of the person > [noun] > sweat-cloth
sudarya1350
napkin1526
sweating-cloth1585
sweat-cloth1872
society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > games of chance > dice-playing > [noun] > other dice games > board or cloth
snakeboard1688
sweat-cloth1872
mud-hook1918
1872 M. S. De Vere Americanisms 329 The sweat-cloth, a cloth marked with figures, and used by gamblers with dice.
1894 Athenæum 24 Feb. 239/3 The appearance of the sweat-cloth is a very characteristic mark.
sweat-cooled adj.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > equipment > machine > machines which impart power > engine > [adjective] > cooled or cooling
water cooling1851
water-cooled1872
sweat-cooled1948
1948 Technical Publ. Amer. Inst. Mining & Metall. Engineers No. 2343. Class E. 1 In designing a sweat cooled part it is imperative to assure a given rate of flow of coolant.
sweat cooling n. Engineering a form of cooling in which the coolant is passed through a porous wall and evenly distributed over the surface, which is cooled by its evaporation.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > equipment > machine > machines which impart power > engine > [noun] > cooling
water cooling1851
evaporative cooling1931
sweat cooling1948
1948 Technical Publ. Amer. Inst. Mining & Metall. Engineers No. 2343. Class E. 1 A less orthodox method consists of making the part to be cooled of a porous material, so that the cooling fluid can be forced through the pores... This method, referred to as ‘sweat cooling’, was proposed at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory in September 1944.
1969 E. C. Robertson Now Bks. Rocket Motors iv. 29 Many devices have been tried to keep the walls of the chamber cool and techniques have ranged from sweat cooling..to the one that is most common today.
sweat-cyst n. Pathology a cyst resulting from some disorder of the sweat-glands.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > growth or excrescence > [noun] > cyst
wenc1000
crop1599
steatoma1599
hydatid1683
atheroma1706
cyst1731
sac1802
hygroma1813
galactocele1850
dacryops1857
ovule of Naboth1857
hydatid of Morgagni1858
thrombocyst1860
monocyst1869
cystoid1872
cystoma1876
sarcocyst1892
Baker's cyst1893
milk thrombus1895
sweat-cyst1898
tubulocystc1900
sweat vesicle1901
seroma1919
macrocyst1953
macrocyst1980
1898 J. Hutchinson Archives Surg. IX. 160 My patient had been liable to unilateral sweating of the face... The vesicles or little cysts..varied in size from pins' heads to peas... There could be little doubt that these were sweat-cysts.
sweat-duct n. Anatomy the duct of a sweat-gland, by which the sweat is conveyed to the surface of the skin.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > the body > secretory organs > ducts > [noun] > sweat duct
sweat-vessel1682
perspirant1745
sweat-duct1881
1881 T. H. Huxley Lessons Elem. Physiol. (new ed.) v. 114 Cells lining the sweat duct.
sweat equity n. U.S. an interest in a property earned by a tenant who contributes his labour to its upkeep or renovation.
ΘΚΠ
society > law > legal concepts > [noun] > interest > in property > earned by tenant
sweat equity1973
1973 Time 16 July 43 A group of poor, racially mixed tenants took over a nearby city-owned tenement, stripped the shabby interiors and are building modern apartments to replace the narrow, cold-water flats... In return for their ‘sweat equity’, the builder-residents will make payments as low as $80 per month and ultimately own the building as a cooperative.
1980 B. Vila This Old House v. 83/1 The calculations you make in a sweat equity job are different from those in a project in which you are employing professionals.
sweat flap n. a leather flap in harness, for protecting the rider's leg from the sweat of the horse.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > farming > animal husbandry > keeping or management of horses > horse-gear > [noun] > protection for rider's leg
flake1568
sweat flap1908
1908 Animal Managem. (War Office) 182 The sweat flap of the girth.
sweat-gland n. Anatomy each of the numerous minute coiled tubular glands just beneath the skin which secrete sweat.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > the body > secretory organs > gland > types of gland > [noun]
miliary gland1691
mucilaginous gland1691
mucous gland1699
acinus1702
crypta1726
glandule1751
crypt1804
globate gland1813
ganglion1819
submaxillary1824
lacrimal1829
germ gland1840
sweat-gland1845
ductless glands1849
lymph node1892
metasternal1965
1845 R. B. Todd & W. Bowman Physiol. Anat. I. 423 The sweat-glands exist under almost every part of the cutaneous surface.
sweat heat n. Horticulture the heat at which fermentation takes place.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > properties of materials > temperature > heat > [noun] > putrefying or fermenting heat
heatc1400
fracedoa1676
sweat heat1843
1843 Florist's Jrnl. (1846) 4 225 A ‘sweat heat’ of from 85° to 95° temperature.
sweat-hog n. U.S. slang a difficult student singled out in school or college for special instruction.
ΘΚΠ
society > education > learning > learner > [noun] > difficult or unwilling pupil or student
scorn-book1682
sweat-hog1976
1976 Senior Scholastic 4 May 41 John Travolta..[is] back in the classroom..as the leader of the sweathogs in ABC's Welcome Back, Kotter.
1979 Brooks & Marsh Compl. Directory Prime Time Network TV Shows, 1946–Present 673/1 Gabe's ‘sweathogs’ were the outcasts of the academic system, streetwise but unable or unwilling to make it in normal classes.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > the body > skin > pore in skin > [noun]
porea1387
sweat-hole14..
meatusa1475
meapte1572
spirament1608
spiracle1650
spiramentum1706
inhalant1822
sweat-pore1899
14.. in T. Wright & R. P. Wülcker Anglo-Saxon & Old Eng. Vocab. (1884) I. 679/16 Hic porus, a swetholle.
1527 L. Andrewe tr. H. Brunschwig Vertuose Boke Distyllacyon sig. Fjv [Veronica water] is good to be dronke for the flyenge sore, for it openeth the swete holes.
1639 J. Woodall Treat. Gangrena in Surgeons Mate (rev. ed.) 368 Nature striveth to thrust out her venemous enemie..by the sweatholes.
sweat-leather n. a leather sweat-band in a hat or cap.
ΘΚΠ
the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > headgear > parts of headgear > [noun] > band > types of > sweat-band
sweat-leathera1884
sweat lininga1884
sweat-band1891
a1884 E. H. Knight Pract. Dict. Mech. Suppl. 876/1 The sweat-leather lining of hats.
sweat lining adj. = sweat flap n.
ΘΚΠ
the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > headgear > parts of headgear > [noun] > band > types of > sweat-band
sweat-leathera1884
sweat lininga1884
sweat-band1891
a1884 E. H. Knight Pract. Dict. Mech. Suppl. 876/1 Sweat Sewing Machine, a machine for sewing the sweat lining in hats.
sweat-lodge n. = sweat-house n. 1.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > healing > places for the sick or injured > [noun] > sweating-house
sweating-place1591
sweating-house1664
sweat-house1750
sweat-lodge1887
the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > cleaning > washing > washing oneself or body > [noun] > bathing > place for bathing > bath-house > hot bathroom or sweating-room
stovec1485
sudatory1615
laconicum1696
laconic1742
sweating-room1744
caldarium1753
sudatorium1757
steam1801
sudarium1852
sauna1881
sweat-lodge1887
sweat-box1974
1887 Amer. Soc. Psych. Research Dec. 141 When persons are taking a bath in the sweat-lodge.
1973 New Society 19 July 137/2 A ‘sweat lodge’, or hut fashioned from rocks, branches and a sacred blanket. The sauna-like action of a fire inside the hut helps purify his soul along with his body.
1977 Rolling Stone 7 Apr. 55/3 She learned of the sweat lodge and the sacred pipe ceremony and the Sun Dance while researching her Indian history book, and then began to understand them as part of the present.
sweat-orifice n. = sweat-pore n.
sweatpants n. chiefly U.S. trousers of thick cotton cloth worn by athletes, esp. before or after strenuous exercise; tracksuit trousers.
ΘΚΠ
the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > clothing for legs > clothing for legs and lower body > [noun] > trousers > types of > made from specific material
shiverines1663
nankeen1770
overall1782
corduroys1791
ducks1825
webs1825
kerseys1833
moleskin1836
cord1837
kerseymeres1840
blue jeans1842
grey1860
mole trousers1860
chaparreras1861
Bedford cord1862
velveteens1862
dungarees1872
moles1879
chaps1884
chaparejos1887
oiler1889
greyers1900
flannels1911
Levi's1926
denim1932
chino1943
wrangler1947
Bedfords1954
sweats1956
sweatpants1957
1957 H. Roosenburg Walls came tumbling Down v. 127 They had noticed that Nell's green skirt was badly worn—would she try on these sweat pants and see if they fitted?
1978 R. B. Parker Judas Goat vi. 33 My blue sweat pants worn stylishly with the ankle zippers open.
sweat-pit n. †(a) the arm-pit exuding sweat (obsolete nonce-use); (b) in Tanning, a pit in which hides are sweated, a sweating-pit.
ΘΚΠ
the world > physical sensation > smell and odour > fetor > [noun] > one who or that which > specific
filthOE
fimea1475
devil's dunga1576
devil's dirt1578
sweat-pit1708
fetid gum1858
stink bomb1915
stinkweed1932
stink-pot1972
society > occupation and work > workplace > places for working with specific materials > place for working with skins or hides > [noun] > place where hides are sweated
sweat-pit1852
1708 E. Ward London Terræ-filius No. 5. 27 The Effluvia that arises from her Sweat-Pits.
1852 C. Morfit Art of Tanning, Currying, & Leather-dressing (1853) 323 Eight stone sweat-pits, with pointed arches and flues.
sweat-pore n. Anatomy each of the pores of the skin formed by the openings of the sweat-ducts.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > the body > skin > pore in skin > [noun]
porea1387
sweat-hole14..
meatusa1475
meapte1572
spirament1608
spiracle1650
spiramentum1706
inhalant1822
sweat-pore1899
1899 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. VIII. 742 The obstruction at the orifice of the sweat-pore.
sweat-rag n. slang any cloth used for wiping off sweat, or worn round the head to keep sweat out of the eyes.
ΘΚΠ
the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > headgear > [noun] > head- or hair-band > types of
frontalc1320
mitrea1382
counter-filletc1430
frontlet1478
mitra1638
head-tie1669
sévigné1826
sweat-rag1843
sphendone1850
agal1853
sweat-band1891
Alice band1944
the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > cleaning > cleaning or cleanliness of the person > [noun] > cleaning the nose > handkerchief
coverchiefc1305
cloutc1380
muckender1420
napkin1436
handkerchief1530
handkercher1531
mocket1537
wiper1587
nose-cloth1589
pocket handkerchief1645
handcloth1676
mouchoira1685
pocket-clotha1704
wipe1708
volet1789
kerchief1814
snotter1823
lachrymatory1825
nose-rag1840
nose-wiper1840
sweat-rag1843
lachrymary1854
sneezer1857
stook1859
snottinger1864
snot-rag1888
hanky1895
penwiper1902
paper handkerchief1907
nose-wipe1919
snitch-rag1940
paper hankie1959
1843 ‘R. Carlton’ New Purchase I. xi. 73 This luxury..was used only as ‘a sweat rag’, and not as ‘a nose-cloth’.
1902 H. Lawson Children of Bush 9 He wiped his face, neck, and forehead with a big speckled ‘sweat-rag’.
1930 Aberdeen Press & Jrnl. 28 Mar. 7/5 Making a swab with a sweat-rag, he attempted to stop the flow of blood.
1953 X. Fielding Stronghold 256 The dirty old sweat-rag which he had worn round his head for the last three months.
1974 D. Stuart Prince of my Country v. 32 Father puts down his knife and wipes his face with the sweatrag at his neck.
sweat-rash n. Pathology an eruption caused by obstruction of the sweat-pores.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of visible parts > eruptive diseases > [noun] > other eruptive diseases
gutta rosaceac1400
spotted death1623
spotted fever1623
horse-pox1656
flock-pox1672
hog pox1676
spotted pestilence1783
salt rheum1809
molluscum1813
molluscum contagiosum1817
grease-pox1822
horn-pox1822
date fever1836
glass-pock1858
molluscum sebaceum1866
verruga1873
furunculosis1886
gutta rubea1886
flannel rash1888
vaccinide1889
rubeoloid1893
pox1897
veld sores1898
spotted sickness1899
sweat-rash1899
synanthema1899
sporotrichosis1908
alastrim1911
pseudoxanthoma elasticum1933
monkeypox1960
scleromyxœdema1964
yusho1969
1899 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. VIII. 586 ‘Red gum’, ‘teething rash’, usually regarded as a sweat-rash.
Categories »
sweat-room n. a room in which tobacco is sweated.
sweat root n. Polemonium reptans (Dunglison Med. Lexicon 1857).
sweat rug n. a rug put on a horse after exercise.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > farming > animal husbandry > keeping or management of horses > horse-gear > [noun] > other cloths
poitrel1490
bard1520
fore-cloth1526
bardingc1540
barb1566
pectoral1602
water-deck1721
rug1790
barbing1799
sweaters1828
quarter blanket1872
quarter cloth1894
peto1957
sweat rug1971
1971 M. Brander Horseman's Vade Mecum 439 Sweat~rug, a string rug put on under a reversed top rug when a horse has been sweating.
1978 ‘F. Parrish’ Sting of Honeybee i. 11 She had taken off his saddle and put on a sweat-rug.
sweatshirt n. originally U.S. a loose shirt; spec. a long-sleeved, high-necked pullover shirt of thick cotton cloth (usually with a fleecy lining), worn by athletes to avoid taking cold before or after exercise (cf. sweater n. 7b).
ΘΚΠ
the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > clothing for body or trunk (and limbs) > [noun] > for exercise
sweatshirt1929
warm-up1969
1929 Sears, Roebuck Catal. Spring–Summer 394 Every Man and Boy Wants A Sweat Shirt.
1938 E. Hemingway Fifth Column (1939) 291 He'd pull on a rubber shirt over a couple of jerseys and a big sweat shirt over that.
1948 Daily Express 4 Sept. 2/5 (caption) The fluffy blonde in pale lemon sweat shirt.
1958 J. Hawkins & W. Hawkins Death Watch (1959) i. 16 She was wearing jeans, moccasins and a white sweat shirt.
1978 L. Heren Growing up on The Times ix. 307 Another [young lad] exchanged his jeans and sweatshirt for a white dinner jacket and plum~coloured trousers.
sweatshirted adj.
ΘΚΠ
the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > wearing clothing > [adjective] > wearing clothing for body (and limbs) > other
kirtled1637
untuckered1713
jerkined1777
tabarded1837
doubleted1858
cardiganed1871
blouse-clad1892
saronged1934
sari'd1958
sweatshirted1977
1977 R. Barnard Blood Brotherhood i. 14 The be-jeaned and sweat-shirted figure.
sweat-stock n. Tanning a collective term for hides which are being or have been sweated (see sweat v. 13).
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > skin or hide > [noun] > hides being sweated
sweat-stock1882
1882 J. Paton in Encycl. Brit. XIV. 384/1 Among non-acid tanners the plumping of sweat stock in which there is no lime is secured in the weak acid liquors of the colouring and handling pits.
sweat-suit n. originally U.S. an athlete's suit consisting of a sweatshirt and sweat-pants.
ΘΚΠ
the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > set or suit of clothes > [noun] > track suit
sweat-suit1930
sweats1956
warm-up1969
warm-up suit1975
trackie1986
1930 L. W. Olds Track Athletics i. 4 Sweat suits should be fleece-lined, washable and worn for warmth rather than a flashy appearance.
1951 I. Shaw Troubled Air x. 158 Archer lay on the mat in a sweatsuit.
1979 J. P. R. Williams JPR iv. 91 An Adidas sweat-suit keeping out the elements.
ΚΠ
1605 J. Sylvester tr. G. de S. Du Bartas Deuine Weekes & Wks. i. vi. 166 The sweat-sweet Ciuet.
sweat vesicle n. Pathology = sweat-cyst n.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > growth or excrescence > [noun] > cyst
wenc1000
crop1599
steatoma1599
hydatid1683
atheroma1706
cyst1731
sac1802
hygroma1813
galactocele1850
dacryops1857
ovule of Naboth1857
hydatid of Morgagni1858
thrombocyst1860
monocyst1869
cystoid1872
cystoma1876
sarcocyst1892
Baker's cyst1893
milk thrombus1895
sweat-cyst1898
tubulocystc1900
sweat vesicle1901
seroma1919
macrocyst1953
macrocyst1980
1901 W. Osler Princ. & Pract. Med. (ed. 4) i. 17 Cases that have not been carefully sponged may shew sweat vesicles.
sweat-vessel n. Anatomy = sweat-duct n.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > the body > secretory organs > ducts > [noun] > sweat duct
sweat-vessel1682
perspirant1745
sweat-duct1881
1682 T. Gibson Anat. (1697) 12 These Sweat-vessels arise from the glands that the skin is every where beset with.
sweat-weed n. marsh mallow, Althæa officinalis (Billings Med. Dict. 1890).
Draft additions December 2005
In plural. colloquial (originally U.S.). Clothing (esp. trousers or an outfit) made of thick cotton, usually with a fleecy lining, used esp. as sportswear and designed to allow freedom of movement. Cf. sweatpants n., sweat-suit n. at Compounds 2.
ΘΚΠ
the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > set or suit of clothes > [noun] > track suit
sweat-suit1930
sweats1956
warm-up1969
warm-up suit1975
trackie1986
the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > clothing for legs > clothing for legs and lower body > [noun] > trousers > types of > made from specific material
shiverines1663
nankeen1770
overall1782
corduroys1791
ducks1825
webs1825
kerseys1833
moleskin1836
cord1837
kerseymeres1840
blue jeans1842
grey1860
mole trousers1860
chaparreras1861
Bedford cord1862
velveteens1862
dungarees1872
moles1879
chaps1884
chaparejos1887
oiler1889
greyers1900
flannels1911
Levi's1926
denim1932
chino1943
wrangler1947
Bedfords1954
sweats1956
sweatpants1957
the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > clothing for legs > clothing for legs and lower body > [noun] > trousers > types of > (suitable) for specific purpose > other
mosquito trousers1785
track pants1910
shifting trousers1913
sweats1956
vorlages1958
1956 Cavalier Daily (Univ. of Virginia) 26 Sept. 3/5–6 A regular Monday afternoon workout in sweats to iron out the kinks incurred in the game of the previous Saturday.
1978 G. A. Sheehan Running & Being xii. 167 They are looking around for runners with fancy sweats.
1982 Times 27 Apr. 10/3 The advantage of sweats is that they bridge the gap between casual and formal.
2004 S. Krantz Vivian x. 66 You throw on your favorite sweats and the first clean tank top you can get your hands on.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1918; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
sweatv.
/swɛt/, U.S. /swɛt/ I. To exude sweat, and related uses.† 3. To sweat upon; to wet, soak, or stain with sweat. Also with out. Obsolete.
1. intransitive. To emit or excrete sweat through the pores of the skin; to perspire (sensibly).
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > the body > organs of excretion > excretion of sweat > sweat [verb (intransitive)]
sweatc900
reekc1475
resudate1599
sudate1599
melt1614
transpire1648
perspire1684
perspirate1844
shvitz1957
c900 tr. Bede Eccl. Hist. (1890) iii. xiv. [xix.] 216 He swa swiðe swætte swa in swole middes sumeres.
c1000 Sax. Leechd. II. 290 Ga him þonne to his neste & bewreo hine wearme & licge swa oþ he wel swæte.
?c1225 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 265 Hwen þe heauet swet wel. þe lim þe ne swat naut nis hit uuel tachne.
c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1978) l. 9878 Of þan watere he dronc & sone he gon sweten [c1300 Otho swete].
c1290 St. Mary 174 in S. Eng. Leg. 266 Þe Monek swatte for drede.
c1386 G. Chaucer Canon's Yeoman's Prol. & Tale 7 His hakeney which þat was al pomely grys So swatte [v.rr. swette, swete], that it wonder was to see.
a1400 Minor Poems from Vernon MS xxiii. 903 Whon he sweted In his gret Agonye.
a1450 Knt. de la Tour xciv They saide vnto hym that he shulde be all hole in hasti tyme after that he had slepte and swette.
c1460 (?c1400) Tale of Beryn l. 2007 Beryn..for angir swet.
1533 T. More Apologye 204 Fryth labored so sore that he swette agayne, in..wrytyng agaynst the blessed sacrament.
a1547 Earl of Surrey Poems (1964) 18 Such was my heate, When others frese then did I swete.
1590 Tarltons Newes out of Purgatorie 2 I that knewe him to be deade at this sodaine sight fell into a great feare, insomuch that I swet in my sleepe.
1597 A. Montgomerie Cherrie & Slae 563 Wald thou no sweat for schame?
1657 T. Reeve God's Plea for Nineveh 192 Andreas Maro Brixianus made verses, till his brows sweatt.
1667 N. Fairfax in Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 2 547 She affirm'd, she never swet in her life.
1681 London Gaz. No. 1599/4 Saturday was allotted them to sweat and wash in the Royal Bagnio.
1705 J. Addison Remarks Italy 165 We were sometimes Shivering on the Top of a bleak Mountain, and a little while after Sweating in a warm Valley.
1725 A. Ramsay Gentle Shepherd ii. iii Mungo's mare stood still and swat wi' fright.
1740 H. Bracken Farriery Improv'd (ed. 2) II. vi. 148 If he sweat out well..it betokens him in good Wind.
a1771 T. Gray Agrippina in Poems (1775) 131 Have his limbs Sweat under iron harness?
1821 Ld. Byron Cain iii. i, in Sardanapalus 416 I have toil'd, and till'd, and sweaten in the sun.
1850 E. Everett Orations (ed. 2) II. 34 He sweat plentifully during the night, and the fever left him.
2. † c. intransitive (figurative) To suffer waste or loss. Obsolete.
a. transitive. To emit or exude through the pores of the skin, as or like sweat. Also with out.Frequently to sweat blood in reference to the bloody sweat of Jesus (see sweat n. 2c).[In Old English, what is exuded is expressed by a dative or instrumental (cf. 10), representing occasionally in Middle English by of; e.g.:—]
a1000 in Cockayne Narratiunculæ (1861) 35 Hi..fleoð and blode hi swætað.
c1275 Passion our Lord 378 in Old Eng. Misc. 48 Pilates..hyne heyghte bete, Þat al his swete likame of blode gon to swete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > the body > organs of excretion > excretion of sweat > sweat [verb (transitive)]
sweat?c1225
transpire1598
transude1861
the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > going or coming out > letting or sending out > let or send out [verb (transitive)] > emit > emit by exudation
sweat?c1225
oozea1398
distilc1400
constilc1430
degout?1504
stilla1530
spew1570
filter1582
deplore1601
evaporate1611
weep1634
collachrymate1657
elacrymate1657
exudate1671
exude17..
exstill1819
?c1225 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 87 He..deiȝede ȝeont al his bodi ȝeont al his bodi he deað swot swatte.
a1350 in K. Böddeker Altengl. Dichtungen (1878) 201 Loue þe made blod to sueten.
c1386 G. Chaucer Second Nun's Tale 522 She sat al coold and feeled no wo, It made hire nat a drope for to sweete.
c1400 Pilgr. Sowle (1859) i. xxii. 25 Thou hast not swette out of thyn eye a tere.
a1536 W. Tyndale Briefe Declar. Sacraments (?1548) B j He sweat water and bloud of a very agonye conceyued of his passyon so nye at hande.
1590 T. Lodge Rosalynde (1592) M ij What the Oxe sweates out at the plough, he fatneth at the cribbe.
1602 J. Marston Hist. Antonio & Mellida iii. sig. F3v Ile sweate my bloode out, till I haue him safe.
1687 A. Lovell tr. J. de Thévenot Trav. into Levant i. 245 It is sweated out as fast as one drinks it.
1700 J. Dryden Chaucer's Cock & Fox in Fables 224 With Exercise she sweat ill Humors out.
1713 E. Young Poem on Last Day i. 12 Thou, who..hast..sweat Blood.
1854 S. T. Dobell Balder xix. 80 These..or crouched in dark and foul Discovery, or swat a cancerous pool Of poison, and lay hid.
1860 R. W. Emerson Fate in Conduct of Life (London ed.) 36 The slug sweats out its slimy house on the pear-leaf.
b. figurative. To give forth or get rid of as by sweating; slang, to spend, lay out (money). Also with away, out. In slang phrases: to sweat one's guts out (see quot. 1890); to sweat blood, (a) to exert oneself to the utmost; (b) to be terrified.
ΘΚΠ
society > trade and finance > management of money > expenditure > spend [verb (transitive)]
aspendc885
doOE
spendc1175
spenec1175
dispendc1330
bewarec1374
bestow1377
suckc1380
unpursea1393
warea1417
stowc1440
to lay outc1449
spone1456
expend1477
expend1484
impendc1486
ware?a1513
deburse?1529
disburse1530
defray1543
unburse1570
outlay1573
to lay forth1584
sweat1592
vent1612
dispursea1616
exhaust1616
to set forth1622
waste1639
depursea1648
fence1699
douse1759
shut1797
shift1923
the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > going or coming out > letting or sending out > let or send out [verb (transitive)] > emit > emit by exudation > give forth as by
sweat1592
society > occupation and work > working > [verb (intransitive)] > work hard or toil
workeOE
swingc1000
to the boneOE
labourc1390
toilc1400
drevyll?1518
drudge1548
droy1576
droil1591
to tug at the (an) oar1612
to stand to it1632
rudge1676
slave1707
to work like a beaver1741
to hold (also keep, bring, put) one's nose to the grindstone1828
to feague it away1829
to work like a nigger1836
delve1838
slave1852
leather1863
to sweat one's guts out1890
hunker1903
to sweat (also work) one's guts out1932
to eat (also work) like a horse1937
beaver1946
to work like a drover's dog1952
to get one's nose down (to)1962
the world > action or operation > manner of action > effort or exertion > exert oneself or make an effort [verb (intransitive)] > toil
sweatc897
swingc1000
swinkOE
travailc1275
carka1350
tavec1350
to-swinkc1386
labourc1390
byswenke?a1400
tevelc1400
toilc1400
pingle1511
carp1522
moilc1529
turmoil1548
mucker1566
tug1619
tuggle1650
fatigue1695
hammer1755
fag1772
bullock1888
slog1888
to sweat one's guts out1890
schlep1937
slug1943
the world > action or operation > manner of action > effort or exertion > exert oneself or make an effort [verb (intransitive)] > make a great effort
to move (also stir) heaven and earth1580
to swelt one's heart1584
to sweat blood1911
to bust (also rupture) a gut1912
to fall over backwards1932
to bust (also break) one's balls1968
the mind > emotion > fear > quality of terror or horror > be terrified [verb (intransitive)]
fordreadc1175
dreada1240
breec1375
tremblec1475
misdread1597
to sweat blood1924
1592 R. Greene Disput. Conny-catcher sig. A4 Hath your smooth lookes linckt in some yong Nouice to sweate for a fauour all the byte in his Bounge?
c1610–15 tr. St. Augustine Life St. Monica in C. Horstmann Lives Women Saints (1886) 140 I could not sweate out from my hart that bitternes of sorrow.
1668 J. Dryden Sr Martin Mar-all v. 65 If my shoulders had not paid for this fault, my purse must have sweat blood for't.]
1727 D. Defoe Ess. Hist. Apparitions iv. 27 A Set of human Bodies..that could live always in a hot Bath, and neither sweat out their Souls, or melt their Bodies.
1791 T. Beddoes tr. J. K. A. Musäus Pop. Tales of Germans II. 80 His intractable pupil had entirely sweated away his Creed during the night!
1890 A. Barrère & C. G. Leland Dict. Slang Sweat one's guts out, a vulgar expression, meaning to work very hard.
1911 G. Stratton-Porter Harvester xvii. 405 He just sweat blood to pacify her, but he couldn't make it.
1924 D. H. Lawrence in M. Magnus Mem. Foreign Legion 53 I sweat blood every time anybody comes through the door.
1937 ‘G. Orwell’ Road to Wigan Pier xii. 228 It makes one sick to see half a dozen men sweating their guts out to dig a trench.., when some easily devised machine would scoop the earth out in a couple of minutes.
1950 ‘J. Tey’ To love & be Wise xiii. 163 I expect he sweats blood over his writing. He has no imagination.
1961 R. Jeffries Evidence of Accused v. 45 You sweated your guts out for months and finished your book, then the public looked the other way.
1973 W. M. Duncan Big Timer xxi. 138 I was sitting there sweating blood when those damned cops arrived.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > possession > loss > be lost [verb (intransitive)] > suffer loss
losec1230
leesec1300
tine1340
to lose a loss1498
vary1532
sweat1533
to be shorn1740
1533 T. More Debellacyon Salem & Bizance ii. xvi. f. xciiv His soule is saufe ynough, though his purse may happe to swete, yf he bounde hymselfe to prouyde the tymber at hys owne parell.
d. With off. To (cause to) lose (weight, etc.) through strenuous exercise; spec. in Boxing (see quot. 1955).
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > fighting sports > boxing > box [verb (transitive)] > cause to lose (weight)
sweat1895
1895 R. Kipling in Cent. Mag. Dec. 268/2 I sweated the beef off 'em, and then I sweated some muscle on to 'em.
1899 R. Kipling Stalky & Co. 129 We've sweated a stone and a half off him since we began.
1955 F. C. Avis Boxing Ref. Dict. (new ed.) 110 Sweat off, to lose weight through perspiration caused by vapour baths, etc., in an effort to bring the body to the poundage required for a given championship grade.
1976 Southern Evening Echo (Southampton) 12 Nov. 27/5 The..finalist outboxed his opponent, who was weakened after sweating off six pounds during the week.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > the body > organs of excretion > excretion of sweat > sweat [verb (transitive)] > wet or stain with sweat
sweat1601
1601 B. Jonson Fountaine of Selfe-love ii. i. sig. D2 He dares tell 'hem, how many shirts he has sweat at Tennis that weeke. View more context for this quotation
1607 T. Dekker & J. Webster North-ward Hoe iv. sig. F3v I..lend Gentlemen holland shirts, and they sweat 'em out at tennis.
1807 J. Barlow Columbiad i. 23 Who now..indungeon'd lies, Sweats the chill sod and breathes inclement skies.
4.
a. To cause to sweat; to put into a sweat.With quots. 1748, 1764 cf. sweating n. 5.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > the body > organs of excretion > excretion of sweat > sweat [verb (transitive)] > cause to sweat
sweat1621
1621 T. W. tr. S. Goulart Wise Vieillard 26 We commonly see the most part of men sweated to death with hote burning feauers.
1712 J. Arbuthnot Lewis Baboon iv. i. 6 He should be purg'd, sweated, vomited, and starv'd, till he came to a sizeable Bulk.
1726 G. Leoni tr. L. B. Alberti Architecture I. 6/2 They will sweat themselves for some Days, and so recover their Health.
1748 T. Smollett Roderick Random II. xlvi. 106 We should scour the hundreds, sweat the constable,..and then reel soberly to bed.
1764 C. Churchill Duellist iii. 44 To knock a tott'ring watchman down, To sweat a woman of the Town.
a1776 R. James Diss. Fevers (1778) 56 Sir Thomas continued the use of the Powder in smaller doses, which had the good effect of sweating him gently.
1808 T. H. Horne Compl. Grazier (ed. 3) 69 The tendency of animals to become fat is materially promoted by sweating them.
1841 G. Catlin Lett. N. Amer. Indians II. lviii. 225 The labouring man, who is using his limbs the greater part of his life in lifting heavy weights..sweats them with the weight of clothes which he has on him.
b. To give (a horse) a run for exercise.
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > transport > riding on horse (or other animal) > ride (a horse or other animal) [verb (transitive)] > ride (a horse) rapidly > give (a horse) a run for exercise
course1569
sweat1740
1590 [implied in: R. Harvey Plaine Percevall sig. D3 I would we had an Ostler to giue them a turne or two till their sweating were done. (at sweating n. 1a)].
1740 H. Bracken Farriery Improv'd (ed. 2) II. vi. 148 Those Horses which are sweat without Covering, or with a very thin one, should run a long Sweat.
c. slang. To subject (a prisoner, etc.) to close interrogation †or torture; to give the ‘third degree’ to (someone). Cf. sweat-box n. at sweat n. Compounds 2.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > attention and judgement > enquiry > interrogation > question, interrogate [verb (transitive)] > question intensively
apposec1315
opposec1380
demand1526
grate?1538
pump1611
sweat1764
probe1804
draw1854
grill1894
third-degree1928
to put through the wringer1942
society > authority > punishment > torture > [verb (intransitive)] > in interrogation
sweat1926
1764 Select Trials Sessions-House I. 285 I..had heard him say, that Capt. Clark was a very great Rascal; and at Admiral Knowles's Trial, he would sweat Capt. Clark if he was examined, and if he could not sweat him there, he would sweat him another way.
1892 ‘M. Twain’ Amer. Claimant xix. 194 It seems a piteous thing to sweat this poor ancient devil for a burglary he hadn't the least hand in.
1926 J. Black You can't Win xviii. 260 I wasn't taken out of my cell and ‘sweated’ or third-degreed, or beaten up.
1979 ‘J. le Carré’ Smiley's People (1980) xix. 237 Probably Mikhel intercepted and read it... We could sweat him, but I doubt if it would help.
II. To exert oneself vigorously, and related uses.figurative.1647 J. Trapp Mellificium Theol. in Comm. Epist. & Rev. 603 The variety of meats, wherewith great mens tables usually sweat.
5.
a. intransitive. To exert oneself strongly, make great efforts; to work hard, toil, labour, drudge. Often with infinitive.In early use frequently in collocation with swink.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > manner of action > effort or exertion > exert oneself or make an effort [verb (intransitive)] > toil
sweatc897
swingc1000
swinkOE
travailc1275
carka1350
tavec1350
to-swinkc1386
labourc1390
byswenke?a1400
tevelc1400
toilc1400
pingle1511
carp1522
moilc1529
turmoil1548
mucker1566
tug1619
tuggle1650
fatigue1695
hammer1755
fag1772
bullock1888
slog1888
to sweat one's guts out1890
schlep1937
slug1943
c897 K. Ælfred tr. Gregory Pastoral Care xxxix. 285 Ðæm ðe nu on godum weorcum ne swæt and suiðe ne suinceð.
a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(1)) (1850) Eccles. ii. 11 The trauailes in whiche in veyn I hadde swat.
c1390 (a1376) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Vernon) (1867) A. vii. 121 We mowe nouþur swynke ne swete, such seknes vs eileþ.
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 1047 Adam..suanc and suet.
c1400 (?c1380) Pearl l. 585 Oþer..Þat swange & swat for long ȝore.
a1425 tr. Arderne's Treat. Fistula 3 I haue swette and trauailed ful bisily and pertinacely.
1535 Bible (Coverdale) Eccl. ii. 20 To leaue his labours vnto another, yt neuer swett for them.
1645 J. Milton L'Allegro in Poems 34 He..Tells how the drudging Goblin swet, To ern his Cream-bowle duly set.
a1677 J. Taylor Contempl. State Man (1684) ii. iii. 200 Sweating and toyling for a small part of the Goods of this World.
1786 R. Burns Poems 74 Some, lucky, find a flow'ry spot, For which they never toil'd nor swat.
1821 Ld. Byron Sardanapalus i. i. 6 He sweats in palling pleasures.
1861 C. Reade Cloister & Hearth xlvi Lovers of money must sweat or steal.
b. To toil after, along, etc. in pursuit or the like; transferred (with up) to rise steeply.
ΘΚΠ
the world > movement > progressive motion > order of movement > following behind > follow [verb (transitive)] > toil after
sweat1815
the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > forward movement > move forward or advance [verb (intransitive)] > with persistence, effort, or urgency
shovec888
thringc893
thresta1225
wina1300
thrustc1330
pressa1375
throngc1440
wrestc1450
thrimp1513
to put forward1529
intrude1562
breast1581
shoulder1581
haggle1582
strivea1586
wrestle1591
to push on (also along)1602
elabour1606
contend1609
to put on?1611
struggle1686
worry1702
crush1755
squeege1783
battle1797
scrouge1798
sweat1856
flounder1861
pull?1863
tank1939
bulldozer1952
terrier1959
1815 W. Scott Guy Mannering II. 337 Some of them are always changing their ale-houses, so that they have twenty cadies sweating after them.
1856 E. K. Kane Arctic Explor. I. xvi. 187 In about ten minutes, we were sweating along at eight miles an hour.
1904 R. J. Farrer Garden of Asia 139 The track sweats up through the woodland on to the open ground of the mountain.
c. spec. Formerly, in the tailoring trade, To work at home overtime.
ΘΚΠ
the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > tailoring or making clothes > tailor or make clothes [verb (intransitive)] > be a tailor or work as a tailor > at home overtime
sweat1851
1851 H. Mayhew London Labour I. 62/1 One couple..who were ‘sweating’ for a gorgeous clothes' emporium.
1889 in Pall Mall Gaz. 7 May 1/2 The school-boy working out of school hours, the tailor working out of shop hours was said to be ‘sweating’.
d. Cards. (U.S.) ‘To win a game by careful and watchful play, avoiding risks’ ( Standard Dict.).
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > card game > play at cards [verb (intransitive)] > actions or tactics > win points or tricks
rub1600
to sweep the board1680
vole1733
slam1833
make1879
sweat1907
1907 Hoyle's Games 411 Sweating out. Refusing to bid when nearly out, so as to get out by picking up a few points at a time.
6. transitive.
a. To exact hard work from.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > working > [verb (transitive)] > set (person) to work > overwork
overtravaila1382
slave1699
sweat1821
haze1840
drudge1847
horse1867
slave-drive1878
rawhide1895
1821 Ld. Byron Sardanapalus i. ii. 19 I have not..sweated them to build up pyramids.
b. spec. To employ in hard or excessive work at very low wages, esp. under a system of subcontract. See also sweated adj. 2, sweating n. 2b, sweating system n. at sweating n. Compounds 1d.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > working > [verb (transitive)] > set (person) to work > overwork > specific on low wages
sweat1879
1879 G. R. Sims Social Kaleidoscope 1st Ser. ix. 58 One master man employs a number of men and women at a weekly wage, and ‘sweats’ them to show his profit.
1887 19th Cent. Oct. 489 They declared that they were being ‘sweated’—that the hunger for work induced men to accept starvation rates.
7.
a. transitive. To work out; to work hard at; to get, make, or produce by severe labour. rare.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > manner of action > effort or exertion > [verb (transitive)] > perform with labour, toil at
swinkc1175
travailc1384
laboura1393
ply1548
toil1552
sweat1589
belabour1604
drive1814
1589 J. Lyly Pappe with Hatchet D ij Let them but chafe my penne, & it shal sweat out a whole realme of paper.
1649 J. Milton Tenure of Kings 3 Then comes the task to those Worthies which are the soule of that Enterprize, to bee swett and labour'd out amidst the throng and noises of vulgar and irrationall men.
1650 J. Trapp Clavis to Bible (Gen. iii. 19) 42 This is a law laid upon all sorts to sweat out a poor living.
1760 H. Walpole Let. to Earl of Strafford 7 June Doddington stood before her [sc. the Spanish ambassadress]..sweating Spanish at her.
1818 Ld. Byron Beppo lxxi. 37 Translating tongues he knows not even by letter, And sweating plays so middling, bad were better.
1822 Ld. Byron Let. 27 Aug. (1979) IX. 197 Leigh Hunt is sweating articles for his new Journal.
b. Nautical. To set or hoist (a sail, etc.) taut, so as to increase speed (also intransitive); also with the ship as object.
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > travel by water > directing or managing a ship > direct or manage ship [verb (transitive)] > in specific manner
shoota1450
run1533
to shoot toc1540
push1657
to crowd (a ship) off1743
sweat1890
surf1965
society > travel > travel by water > directing or managing a ship > use of sails, spars, or rigging > support (an amount of) sail [verb (intransitive)] > spread (more) sail > raise sail or yards > pull up taut
sweat1890
society > travel > travel by water > directing or managing a ship > use of sails, spars, or rigging > carry specific amount of sail [verb (transitive)] > set or spread (sails) > raise (sail or yard) > pull taut
sharpen1841
sweat1890
1890 W. C. Russell Ocean Trag. I. iv. 73 You will still go on sweating—pray pardon this word in its sea sense..—your craft as though the one business of the expedition was to make the swiftest possible passage.
1895 Outing 26 46/2 Hoist up on the halyards and sweat up with the purchase.
1899 W. C. Russell Ship's Adventure iv Smedley..never sweated his yards fore and aft.
8. intransitive. To undergo severe affliction or punishment; to suffer severely. Often to sweat for it, to suffer the penalty, ‘get it hot’. Now rare or Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
society > authority > punishment > [verb (intransitive)] > receive punishment > be punished severely
to buy the bargain dear1352
smart1534
sweata1625
to nap it1699
to get it1805
to catch or get Jesse1839
to get (also catch, take) it in the neck1881
to get beans1893
to get (also do) the book1928
c1405 (c1390) G. Chaucer Miller's Tale (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 516 Wel litel thynken ye vp on my wo That for youre loue I swete ther I go No wonder is thogh þt I swelte and swete.
a1616 W. Shakespeare Macbeth (1623) ii. iii. 6 Haue Napkins enow about you, here you'le sweat for't.]
a1625 F. Beaumont & J. Fletcher Coxcombe v. i, in Comedies & Trag. (1647) sig. Pp/1 Thou hadst wrongs, & if I live some of the best shall sweat fort.
1673 J. Flavell Fountain of Life ii. 17 He [sc. our Lord before the Incarnation] was never sensible of pains and tortures..though afterwards he groaned and sweat under them.
1755 T. Smollett tr. M. de Cervantes Don Quixote I. ii. ii. 77 For..'tis odds, but they..have us apprehended: and verily, if they do, before we get out of prison, we may chance to sweat for it.
9.
a. To suffer perturbation of mind; to be vexed; to fume, rage. Now rare or Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > anger > [verb (intransitive)]
wrethec900
anbelgheOE
wratha1225
wrakea1300
grievec1350
angera1400
sweata1400
smoke1548
to put or set up the back1728
to have (also get) one's monkey up1833
to get (also have) the pricker1871
to have, get a cob on1937
grrra1963
the mind > emotion > suffering > state of being upset or perturbed > be upset or perturbed [verb (intransitive)]
sweata1400
ail1485
toss1517
heavec1540
seethe1609
to be in a way1855
stew1917
a1400–50 Wars Alex. 5325 ‘I swete’, quod þe swete kyng, ‘þat I na swerd haue’.
1669 J. Dryden Wild Gallant i. i. 7 I sweat to think of that Garret.
1734 A. Pope Epist. to Arbuthnot 227 I ne'r with Wits or Witlings past my days..Nor at Rehearsals sweat, and mouth'd, and cry'd.
1741 W. Warburton Divine Legation Moses II. Pref. 10 The Press sweat with Controversy.
1846 W. S. Landor Imaginary Conversat. in Wks. II. 54/1 Germans had no objection to the bill of fare, but stamped and sweated to see the price of the dishes.
b. transitive. With out, to await or endure anxiously or with unease. Esp. in to sweat it out. colloquial.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > expectation > expectation, waiting > wait, await [verb (intransitive)] > anxiously
to sweat it out1876
1876 ‘M. Twain’ Adventures Tom Sawyer xx. 163 Well, it's a kind of a tight place for Becky Thatcher... Let her sweat it out!
1942 E. Colby Army Talk 229 Sweat..is a synonym for wait. You sweat a man out when you are waiting for him. You ‘sweat out’ a chow line while waiting for your turn for the sergeant to put your food in the mess kit.
1945 ‘L. Lewis’ Birthday Murder (1951) xiii. 191 I haven't much time..but I'll sweat it out awhile.
1960 News Chron. 29 Sept. 1 Mr. Khruschev is just sweating it out in New York for an announcement of a manned flight in orbit.
1976 ‘D. Fletcher’ Don't whistle ‘Macbeth’ 148 I had no intention of telling Hugo... Let him sweat that one out.
c. intransitive. With on, to await anxiously (an event or person); spec. in the game of lotto. Also transferred, to be close to attaining, as in to sweat on the top-line. slang (chiefly Australian). Originally Military.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > expectation > expect [verb (intransitive)] > be close to attaining
to sweat on the top-line1917
the mind > mental capacity > expectation > expectation, waiting > wait for, await [verb (transitive)] > anxiously
sweat1917
to bob on1925
society > leisure > entertainment > pastimes > game > games of chance > bingo or lotto > [verb (transitive)] > await result anxiously
sweat1917
1917 A. G. Empey From Fire Step xix. 127 Sometimes you have fourteen numbers on your card covered and you are waiting for the fifteenth to be called. In an imploring voice you call out, ‘Come on, Watkins, chum, I'm sweating on “Kelly's Eye”.’
1917 A. G. Empey From Fire Step xix. 252 Sweating on leave. Impatiently waiting for your name to appear in orders for leave.
1919 Athenæum 1 Aug. 695/2 ‘Sweating on the top line’ is to be within an ace of obtaining what you want.
1959 S. J. Baker Drum 150 Sweat on, to wait, usually to wait anxiously (for something to happen).
1968 S. L. Elliott Rusty Bugles in E. Hanger Three Austral. Plays i. iv. 62 Wimpy sweats on me see..waits his chance..puts on a hut raid the other night and finds me mosquito net's not down and I lose my stripes.
d. intransitive. To experience discomfort through anxiety or unease (colloquial). In don't sweat it (U.S. slang), don't worry.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > courage > encouragement > expression of encouragement [phrase] > refrain from worry
don't sweat it1963
the mind > emotion > suffering > state of being upset or perturbed > worry > anxiety > be anxious [verb (intransitive)] > be acutely anxious
to be on (the) tenter(s1633
to chafe, fret, fry, melt, stew, sweat in one's own grease1663
to be on (the) tenterhooks1748
to be on heckle pins1850
sweat1963
1963 Amer. Speech 38 271 Don't sweat it means ‘don't worry about it’.
1973 R. Hayes Hungarian Game xxxix. 234 ‘Hold off for a moment. I want to watch him sweat.’ ‘The guy's about to faint from pain.’
1976 N. Thornburg Cutter & Bone x. 238 Cutter reached over and covered her hand with his own, patted it. ‘Don't sweat it, kid,’ he said. ‘It's nothing.’
1978 D. Devine Sunk without Trace ix. 92 No point in being early. Let him sweat.
III. To exude moisture, and related uses.
10. † c. To undergo fusion, as metal: cf. 17. Obsolete.
a. intransitive. To exude, or to gather, moisture so that it appears in drops on the surface. In Old English the matter exuded is expressed by a dative or instrumental: cf. 2.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > liquid > liquid which has been emitted > action or process of exuding > exude [verb (intransitive)]
sweatc893
sipec1000
oozea1398
the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > going or coming out > letting or sending out > let or send out [verb (intransitive)] > be emitted > exude
sweatc893
weep1387
oozea1398
evaporate1799
swelter1834
c893 tr. Orosius Hist. iv. viii. 188 Mon geseah twegen sceldas blode swætan.
c1000 Ælfric Homilies II. 162 Ða gebroðra ða eodon..to ðam mercelse, and gemetton ðone clud ða iu swætende.
c1290 Michael 596 in S. Eng. Leg. 316 Þe sonne..makez þe wateres breþi upriȝt as þei scholden swete.]
c1400 Mandeville's Trav. (Roxb.) xvii. 80 If venym or puyson be broȝt in place whare þe dyamaund es, alsone it waxez moyst and begynnez to swete [Fr. suer].
1483 W. Caxton tr. J. de Voragine Golden Legende 147/2 They wente and fonde the montaygne all swetyng.
1598 tr. G. de Rosselli Epulario L j b Put them [sc. eggs] into the white embers..and when they sweat, they are rosted.
1657 R. Ligon True Hist. Barbados 42 The ayre being moyst, the stones often sweat.
1731 P. Miller Gardeners Dict. I. at Winter If Stone or Wainscot that has been used to sweat, (as it is call'd) be more dry in the Beginning of Winter.
1847 A. C. Smeaton Builder's Pocket Man. (new ed.) 59 Plaster or mortar made with salt water, will always sweat with a moist atmosphere.
1870 Eng. Mech. 11 Feb. 525/2 His object glass may have had a deposit formed between its component lenses, or in vulgar parlance ‘sweated’.
b. Said spec. of products to be stored, or substances in preparation, which are first set aside to exude their moisture.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > industry > manufacture or production > manufacture [verb (intransitive)] > of product: exude moisture
sweatc1440
the world > matter > liquid > liquid which has been emitted > action or process of exuding > exude [verb (intransitive)] > of products set aside before being stored
sweatc1440
c1440 Pallad. on Husb. i. 486 The coriaunder leuis, lest hit [sc. the wheat] swete, Is put theryn.
c1440 Pallad. on Husb. ii. 424 So lette hem [sc. laurel berries] sething longe tyme swete.
?1523 J. Fitzherbert Bk. Husbandry f. xv Make it in gretter hey cockes and to stande so one nyght or more, that it may ongyue and swete.
1577 B. Googe tr. C. Heresbach Foure Bks. Husbandry i. f. 45v Good husbandes doo not lay it [sc. grass] vp in their Loftes, till suche time as it hath sweat in the Feelde.
1615 W. Lawson Country Housewifes Garden (1626) 51 Lay..the longest keeping Apples..on dry straw,..that they may sweat.
1725 R. Bradley Chomel's Dictionaire Œconomique at Oats Oats newly housed and thrashed, before they have sweat in the Mow.
1766 Compl. Farmer at Threshing Beans and peas always thresh best after they have sweated in the mow.
1838 Trans. Provinc. Med. & Surg. Assoc. 6 200 The apples [for Devonshire cider] are collected into heaps and allowed to sweat or pass into a state of fermentation.
1843 Penny Cycl. XXV. 16/2 [The cut tobacco plants] are left to sweat for three or four days.
1852 C. Morfit Art of Tanning, Currying, & Leather-dressing (1853) 327 Salted hides..require..rather longer to sweat.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > metal > metal in specific state or form > [verb (intransitive)] > melt
sweat1709
1709 T. Robinson Ess. Nat. Hist. Westmorland & Cumberland xi. 65 We put it [sc. the ore] into the great Furnace, where we let it lie sweating in a soft and slow Fire..until the taste and smell of Sulphur be quite gone off.
d. To exude nitroglycerine, as dynamite.
ΘΚΠ
the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > going or coming out > letting or sending out > let or send out [verb (intransitive)] > be emitted > exude > specific nitroglycerine
sweat1900
1900 Westm. Gaz. 16 July 8/2 Sometimes the cordite ‘sweats,’..we put it in a warm place for a time, when the sweated substance is absorbed.
11. transitive. To emit (moisture, etc.) in drops or small particles like sweat; to exude, distil. Also with out.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > liquid > liquid which has been emitted > action or process of exuding > exude [verb (transitive)] > in drops
sweat1398
stilla1530
exstill1819
the world > matter > liquid > liquid flow > action or process of flowing > flow [verb (intransitive)] > in small quantity > slowly or through pore-like openings > out > like sweat
sweat1398
exude1574
exudate1646
1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomew de Glanville De Proprietatibus Rerum xvii. clx[i]v. (Bodl.) lf. 231 b/1 Terebintus..is a tre þat sweteþ rosine.
c1440 J. Capgrave Life St. Katherine v. 1959 It longeth to flowres swhiche lycoure for to swete.
c1450 Mirk's Festial 166 Hard ston and þorne summe tyme swetyþe watyr.
1577 B. Googe tr. C. Heresbach Foure Bks. Husbandry ii. f. 110 The Cedar sweateth out Rozen & Pitch.
a1616 W. Shakespeare Macbeth (1623) iv. i. 81 Greaze that's sweaten [rhyme eaten] From the Murderers Gibbet, throw Into the Flame. View more context for this quotation
a1616 W. Shakespeare Coriolanus (1623) v. iii. 197 It is no little thing to make Mine eyes to sweat compassion. View more context for this quotation
1656 A. Cowley Davideis i. 9 in Poems The silver Moon with terrour paler grew, And neighbring Hermon sweated flowry dew.
1712 J. Addison Spectator No. 415. ¶3 The Earth..sweated out a Bitumen or natural kind of Mortar.
1884 E. P. Roe Nature's Serial Story viii The clover was piled up.., to sweat out its moisture.
1891 W. A. Jamieson Dis. Skin (ed. 3) ii. 19 Alkaline soaps, which improve when kept, because they sweat~out the excess of soda.
12. intransitive. To ooze out like sweat; to exude.
ΘΚΠ
the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > going or coming out > go or come out [verb (intransitive)] > exude
syec893
sickerc897
weesec1000
bleedc1305
oozea1398
sweata1425
weeslea1555
sew1565
exude1574
outstreata1631
exudate1646
dew1658
suppurate1693
strain1707
a1425 tr. Arderne's Treat. Fistula 39 Superflue watrenes swette out fro þe place þat was wonte for to file many lynnen cloþes putte atwix.
1555 R. Eden tr. Peter Martyr of Angleria Decades of Newe Worlde iii. viii. f. 134v They gather pytche whiche sweateth owte of the rockes.
1668 N. Culpeper & A. Cole tr. T. Bartholin Anat. (new ed.) ii. vi. 99 But some particles thereof sweat through the Parenchyma into the Ventricles.
1744 G. Berkeley Siris (ESTC T72826) §38 This balsam, weeping or sweating through the bark.
1839 A. Ure Dict. Arts 30 This alloy is next exposed to a heat just sufficient to melt the lead, which then sweats out..from the pores of the copper.
1884 C. G. W. Lock Workshop Receipts 3rd Ser. 3/1 By applying heat too suddenly, the metals which fuse at lower degrees of heat, sweat out.
1884 Marshall's Tennis Cuts 63 Blue stone dust being again spread over it to absorb the surplus tar, which is sure to ‘sweat out’ from time to time.
13.
a. transitive. To cause to exude moisture, force the moisture out of; spec. to subject to a process of sweating (see 10b).
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > liquid > action or process of extracting > extract liquid [verb (transitive)] > by forcing out
sweat1686
1686 W. Harris tr. N. Lémery Course Chym. (ed. 2) ii. ix. 404 Make a strong decoction of other Balm, and pour of it into the pot enough to swet it sufficiently.
1733 W. Ellis Chiltern & Vale Farming 98 Extracting the Sap out of Planks for Ship-building, by sweating them in hot Sand.
1755 Philos. Trans. 1754 (Royal Soc.) 48 827 Some white marble lime; which was what they call sweated, that is wrapp'd in dung.
1826 D. Booth Art of Brewing (ed. 2) 93 Taking the barley from the kiln, for the purpose of sweating it.
1836 in Chambers's Edinb. Jrnl. 31 Dec. 389 After the fish has been dried to that degree, or rather more, which we shall call thoroughly dried,..it is put up into one large pile, and left to stand for ten or twelve days, which is called sweating it.
1881 W. W. Greener Gun & its Devel. 314 The stoving sweats the powder, and drives off any remaining moisture.
1882 J. Paton in Encycl. Brit. XIV. 383/2 [Hides] are still sometimes, especially on the Continent, sweated, that is, they are laid in heaps and kept wet and warm.
b. Cookery. To heat (meat or vegetables, etc.) in a pan with fat or water, in order to extract the juices.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > cooking > cook [verb (transitive)] > sweat
sweat1877
1877 E. S. Dallas Kettner's Bk. of Table 452 Sweat, to, is not a pretty phrase, but it expresses clearly..the act of making meat yield its juices by being heated in a pan with little or no water... The heat applied must be low and slow.
1942 [implied in: C. Spry Come into Garden, Cook xi. 137 Cook the sliced vegetables first in a little fat... This preliminary sweating of the vegetables draws out the flavour. (at sweating n. 3c)].
1953 N. Heaton Cassell's Cooking Dict. 171 Sweat, to heat gently to extract flavour.
1972 Guardian 18 Aug. 11/3 Finely chop one large onion and two cloves garlic. Sweat these in a little oil in a thick saucepan.
14. slang. To deprive of or cause to give up something; to rob, ‘fleece’, ‘bleed’. Also transferred to rob (a vessel) of some of its contents.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > possession > loss > taking away > take away [verb (transitive)] > fleece
milk?1531
shred1548
suck1558
shear1570
fleece1575
shave1606
unfleece1609
jib1728
skin1819
sweat1847
the mind > possession > taking > stealing or theft > petty theft or pilfering > pilfer [verb (transitive)] > a vessel of some contents
sweat1847
the mind > possession > taking > stealing or theft > robbery > spoliation or depredation > despoil or prey upon [verb (transitive)]
reaveOE
stripa1225
pill?c1225
robc1225
peela1250
despoil1297
raimc1300
spoilc1330
spoila1340
to pull a finch (also pigeon, plover, etc.)c1387
despoil1393
preya1400
spoila1400
spulyiea1400
unspoila1400
riflec1400
poll1490
to pill and poll1528
to poll and pill1528
exspoila1530
pilyie1539
devour?1542
plume1571
rive1572
bepill1574
fleece1575
to prey over1576
pread1577
disvaledge1598
despoliate1607
to make spoil of1613
expilate1624
to peel and poll1641
depredate1651
violatea1657
disvalise1672
to pick feathers off (a person)1677
to make stroy of1682
spoliate1699
pilfer1714
snabble1725
rump1815
vampire1832
sweat1847
ploat1855
vampirize1888
1847 W. Sk. Irel. 60 Yrs. Ago i. 14 On the 29th of July, 1784..They determined to amuse themselves by ‘sweating’ him, i.e., making him give up all his fire-arms.
1860 Slang Dict. Sweat, to extract money from a person, to ‘bleed’, to squander riches. Bulwer.
1867 W. H. Smyth & E. Belcher Sailor's Word-bk. Sweating the Purser, wasting his stores. Burning his candles, &c.
1869 J. Conington tr. Horace Satires (1874) 167 Kind to his wife, indulgent to his slave, He'd find a bottle sweated [Ep. ii. ii. 134 signo læso..lagœnæ] and not rave.
15. To lighten (a gold coin) by wearing away its substance by friction or attrition.
ΘΚΠ
society > trade and finance > money > mutilating coin > mutilate coin [verb (transitive)]
roundc1400
wash1421
royna1475
clipa1513
rounge1540
diminish1569
scale1576
launder1612
sweat1785
shorten1857
1785 [implied in: F. Grose Classical Dict. Vulgar Tongue Sweating, a mode of diminishing the gold coin, practised chiefly by the Jews, who corrode it with aqua regia. (at sweating n. 4)].
1796 J. Wolcot Bozzy & Piozzi ii. 204 in Wks. (1816) I. 278 His each vile sixpence that the world hath cheated, And his, the art that ev'ry guinea sweated.
1865 C. Dickens Our Mutual Friend II. iii. i. 3 I suppose..you haven't been lightening any of these... You understand what sweating a pound means; don't you?
16. slang. To pawn.
ΘΚΠ
society > trade and finance > financial dealings > borrowing money > borrow money [verb (transitive)] > pawn
to give (also have, lay, put, take) to pledgec1384
to set, put, lay to or in wedc1384
engage1525
pawn1570
to lay (up) in lavender1584
impawn1598
oppignorate1622
pignorate1623
dip1640
to put to lumber1671
vamp1699
pop1731
sweatc1800
spout1811
lumber1819
up the spout1819
hock1878
soak1882
to put away1887
c1800 Irish Song, Nt. bef. Larry was Stretched 4 They sweated their duds till they riz it.
17. To subject (metal) to partial fusion; to fasten or join by applying heat so as to produce partial fusion; in Metallurgy, to heat so as to melt and extract an easily fusible constituent. (After German schweissen.)The 9th cent. form gisuetit, glossing ‘ferruminatus’ (in Goetz Glossæ Latinogr. (1888) 579/58), is not certainly Old English, and the instance 1575–6 s.v. sweating n. 3 may be only a casual borrowing from the Continent.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > industry > working with specific materials > working with metal > work with metal [verb (transitive)] > partially fuse
sweat1883
society > occupation and work > industry > working with specific materials > working with metal > work with metal [verb (transitive)] > heat > melt
yeteOE
wella1250
melt1535
temper1535
to melt downa1586
conflate1664
lump1797
sweat1883
to melt up1888
society > occupation and work > industry > working with specific materials > working with metal > work with metal [verb (transitive)] > heat > melt > together
well1424
sweat1883
1883 W. H. Wahl Galvanoplastic Manip. ix. 112 The junction of the coil wires with the segments of the commutator is made through large copper plugs, which are ‘sweated’ in to secure perfect contact.
1890 Times 6 Dec. 12/4 It is admitted that ‘a few’ screws did work loose... It [sc. the defect] was remedied by sweating in the screws.
Derivatives
ˈsweatable adj. rare capable of becoming sweated labour or a sweated labourer.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > worker > workers according to conditions > [adjective] > overworked or underpaid > capable of being
sweatable1922
1922 G. B. Shaw in S. Webb & B. Webb Eng. Prisons p. xlvi The supply of sweatable labor.
1928 G. B. Shaw Intell. Woman's Guide Socialism xli. 158 Our capitalist traders..were the enemies of every country, including their own, where there was a sweatable laborer to make dividends for them.
Draft additions December 2002
U.S. colloquial. to sweat the small stuff: to worry about trivial, insignificant matters (usually in negative contexts); originally and chiefly imperative, in: don't sweat the small stuff (cf. don't sweat it at sense 9d).
ΚΠ
1979 N.Y. Times 23 Oct. b10/4 He quoted a friend's prescription for dealing with stress. ‘Don't sweat the small stuff,’ he said. ‘And try to remember it's all small stuff.’
1989 Production (Nexis) Sept. 79 They are able to apply their expertise to higher level concerns without needing to sweat the small stuff.
1996 Northern Colorado Parent Oct. 23/3 The parents themselves are usually creative, going-places, doing-things types who don't sweat the small stuff.
2001 N.Y. Times Mag. 14 Jan. 28/1 Therein lies the importance of Cheney; Cheney sweats the small stuff.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1918; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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