umbrellan.
/ʌmˈbrɛlə/, U.S. /ˌəmˈbrɛlə/ 1.
a. A light portable screen or shade, usually circular in form and supported on a central stick or staff, used in hot countries as a protection for the head or person against the sun.
ΘΚΠ
the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > parasol or protection against sun > [noun]
fannell1555
umbrella1611
tiresol1613
parasol1660
chatta1796
sunshade1798
parasolette1842
en tout cas1874
the world > action or operation > safety > protection or defence > refuge or shelter > [noun] > shelter > a shelter > an umbrella or parasol > specific for sun
umbrel1603
shadow1604
umbrella1611
sunscreen1738
summerhead1797
sunshade1798
ombrelle1925
ombrellino1964
α.
β. 1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Ombrelle, an Vmbrello; a (fashion of) round and broad fanne, wherwith the Indians (and from them our great ones) preserue themselues from the heat of a scorching Sunne.a1621 W. Strachey True Reportory Wracke Sir T. Gates in S. Purchas Pilgrimes (1625) IV. ix. vi. 1739 So broad are the leaves [of palms] as an Italian Vmbrello.1662 J. Davies tr. A. Olearius Voy. & Trav. J. Albert de Mandelslo ii. 138 in Voy. & Trav. Ambassadors Of the leaves they make sayles;..they make of them likewise Umbrelloes, Fans, Tents, Mats and Hats.1697 W. Dampier New Voy. around World xv. 407 The Chinese..when they walk abroad..carry a small Umbrello in their hands, wherewith they fence their heads from the Sun or the Rain.1697 Lady's Trav. Spain (1706) 249 He commanded them to bring Umbrellos to defend us from the Sun.1753 J. Hanway Hist. Acct. Brit. Trade Caspian Sea I. ii. xlii. 286 I observed that the Persians are not cautious..of the sun in any degree equal to the Portugueze; for the last seldom travel without a cloak and umbrello.1755 T. Smollett tr. M. de Cervantes Don Quixote I. i. iv. 21 Six merchants of Toledo..who travelled with umbrelloes.γ. a1630 F. Moryson in Shakespeare's Europe (1903) v. i. 442 Then followes the Duke in his Robes,..a Scudiero carying his ombrella betweene him and the sunne.1710 C. Shadwell Fair Quaker of Deal iv. 40 Your Baubles of China, your Indian Ombrella, your Hair-Ring, and your own Picture.1611 T. Coryate Crudities sig. Lv Many of them doe carry other fine things.., which they commonly call in the Italian tongue vmbrellaes... These are made of leather something answerable to the forme of a little cannopy & hooped in the inside with diuers little wooden hoopes that extend the vmbrella in a prety large compasse.
1668 W. Davenant Man's the Master ii. i A very desperate man..coming near so bright a Sun as you are without a Parasol, Umbrellia, or a Bondgrace.
1695 P. Motteux tr. F. Pidou de St. Olon Present State Morocco 148 An Umbrella was carry'd over me, which in some manner defended me from the Heat of the Sun's Rays.
1716 J. Gay Trivia i. 14 Let Persian Dames th'Umbrella's Ribs display, To guard their Beauties from the sunny Ray.
a1739 C. Jarvis tr. M. de Cervantes Don Quixote (1742) I. i. iv. 18 They came with their umbrellas, and four servants on horse-back.
1797 T. Holcroft tr. F. L. Stolberg Trav. (ed. 2) III. lxxxix. 479 The heat began so early in the day that, at six o'clock, we were obliged to use our umbrellas.
1832 G. Downes Lett. from Continental Countries I. 341 The costume is very picturesque in this part of Tuscany, always excepting the monstrous yellow umbrella, which is part and parcel of it.
1860 R. W. Emerson Culture in Conduct of Life (London ed.) 133 In the city of Palermo, the street was in a blaze with scarlet umbrellas.
1871 B. Jowett in tr. Plato Dialogues II. 93 He sees the rich man under an umbrella puffing and panting.
b. In some Asian and African countries used as a symbol of rank or state.
ΘΚΠ
society > authority > office > symbol of office or authority > [noun] > specific
keyOE
sword?c1475
the seals?a1500
pillara1529
post1598
umbrella1653
akakia1731
α.
β. 1653 H. Cogan tr. F. M. Pinto Voy. & Adventures xxxiv. 135 Then next to them marches twelve men on horsback, called Peretandas, each of them carrying an Umbrello of carnation Sattin.1678 J. Phillips tr. J.-B. Tavernier Indian Trav. ii. viii. 123 in tr. J.-B. Tavernier Six Voy. Upon each side of the Throne are plac'd two Parasols, or Umbrellos, the handles whereof are about eight foot high.1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory (1905) iv. xi. 431/2 Then 24 Vnbrello's richly adorned and them as carry them 2 and 2 together.1719 J. T. Philipps tr. B. Ziegenbalg Thirty-four Confer. 331 Women..attended him with Umbrello's,..and all the other Court Employments within Doors were all done by Women.1745 E. Haywood Female Spectator No. 18 (1748) III. 301 Twelve stout Indians carried a canopy of yellow and green silk, under which all the royal family walked:—the rest had umbrelloes, supported by their own particular slaves.1682 London Gaz. No. 1721/4 In the Evening he visited his Highness Prince Rupert, to whom he presented the two great Umbrella's.
1718 Entertainer No. 16. 109 To score out a Pattern of Umbrella's for the King of Bantam.
1727 A. Hamilton New Acct. E. Indies II. xxxvi. 45 King of the White Elephant, and of the twenty four Somereroes or Umbrellaes.
1745 P. Thomas True Jrnl. Voy. South-Seas 201 Mandarines..accompanied with all the Officers of their Tribunal, who surround them with Umbrella's and other Marks of their Dignity.
1849 A. H. Layard Nineveh & Remains I. i. x. 337 He is attended by two eunuchs, one holding the umbrella, the other his quiver and mace.
1888 Times 30 Oct. 6/1 The Shereefian Umbrella does not pass necessarily from father to son.
2. A portable protection against bad weather, made of silk or similar material fastened on slender ribs, which are attached radially to a stick and can be readily raised so as to form a circular arched canopy.
ΘΚΠ
the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > umbrella or protection against bad weather > [noun]
umbrella1634
umbrell1816
mush1821
gingham1838
mushroom1839
roof1844
Gamp1855
the world > action or operation > safety > protection or defence > refuge or shelter > [noun] > shelter > a shelter > an umbrella or parasol > specific for rain
umbrella1634
parapluie1781
umbrell1816
bumbershoot1876
α.
β. 16971 [see sense 1aβ. ]. 1704 J. Swift Tale of Tub xi. 197 A large Skin of Parchment..served him for a Night-cap when he went to Bed, and for an Umbrello in rainy Weather.1709 W. King Art of Love (new ed.) 99 I might have made you such a fellow, As should have carry'd my Umbrello, Or bore a flambeau by my chair.1731 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 37 32 An Umbrello, suspended by a Packthread tied to the Handle of it, became strongly Electrical.1732 Inventory Sir R. Sutton's Goods 7 Four Umbrellows.1634 T. Herbert Relation Some Yeares Trauaile 149 A Shagg or Yopangee which riding serues [in Persia] as an Vmbrella against raine.
1716 J. Gay Trivia i. 14 Good houswives..underneath th'Umbrella's oily Shed, Safe thro' the wet on clinking Pattens tread.
1765 H. Walpole Let. to J. Chute 3 Oct. Servants..walk about the streets in the rain with umbrellas to avoid putting on their hats.
1787 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 77 291 If the weather be rainy, an insulated umbrella may be carried in one hand.
1833 P. Hawker Diary (1893) II. 52 It poured with rain, and my umbrella broke all to pieces.
1856 R. W. Emerson Eng. Traits vi. 109 An Englishman walks in a pouring rain, swinging his closed umbrella like a walking-stick.
1882 M. E. Braddon Mt. Royal I. i. 34 She always carried her stout little umbrella, winter or summer.
3. Used in comparisons or similes, esp. with reference to shape.
ΚΠ
α.
β. 1710 R. Steele Tatler No. 116. ⁋1 An engine of several legs, that could contract or open itself like the top of an umbrello.1740 L. Whyte Dissert. Fashions 66 Erst have I seen a little fellow, With Hat as large as Vmbrellow; It was the Mode for young and old.1630 M. Drayton Muses Elizium ii. 15 Doues..Which..shall..like Vmbrellas with their feathers Sheeld you in all sorts of weathers.
1631 B. Jonson Divell is Asse iv. iv. 81 in Wks. II I saw i' the Court of Spaine once, A Lady fall i' the Kings sight, along. And there shee lay, flat spred, as an Vmbrella.
a1680 S. Butler Genuine Remains (1759) II. 99 Hats..With broad Brims sometimes like Umbrellas, And sometimes narrow as Punchinello's.
1726 G. Shelvocke Voy. round World ii. 66 On this bank, or shoal, we saw great numbers of blubbers appearing, like the tops of umbrellas.
1726 J. Hobson Diary 8 Oct. in C. Jackson et al. Yorks. Diaries (1877) I. 258 Out of all..came pyramidicall streams of light,..forming such a figure as a ladies' umbrella.
1796 W. Withering Arrangem. Brit. Plants (ed. 3) III. 646 The florets diverging from the centre, spreading outwards and downwards like an umbrella.
a. A means of shelter or protection.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > safety > protection or defence > [noun] > means of protection or defence
hornc825
shieldc1200
warranta1272
bergha1325
armour1340
hedge1340
defencec1350
bucklerc1380
protectiona1382
safety1399
targea1400
suretyc1405
wall1412
pavise?a1439
fencec1440
safeguard?c1500
pale?a1525
waretack1542
muniment1546
shrouda1561
bulwark1577
countermure1581
ward1582
prevention1584
armourya1586
fortificationa1586
securitya1586
penthouse1589
palladium1600
guard1609
subtectacle1609
tutament1609
umbrella1609
bastion1615
screena1616
amulet1621
alexikakon1635
breastwork1643
security1643
protectionary1653
sepiment1660
back1680
shadower1691
aegis1760
inoculation1761
buoya1770
propugnaculum1773
panoply1789
armament1793
fascine1793
protective1827
beaver1838
face shield1842
vaccine1861
zariba1885
wolf-platform1906
firebreak1959
α.
β. 1652 H. L'Estrange Americans No Iewes To Rdr. No other dedicatory Umbrello do I seek..to defend this work from the scorch of censure.1670 T. Philipot Antiq. Theologica. & Gentilis Ep. Ded. sig. A2 This Treatise implores your Patronage as an Umbrella to over-shadow it.1690 Secr. Hist. Chas. II & Jas. II 112 The popular gentlemen were only made use of as Umbrello's to shade the conspirators from the scorching heat of the people's discontent.1609 J. Donne Let. in Poems (1633) 365 We have an earthly cave, our bodies to go into by consideration, & coole our selves: and..wee have within us a torch, a soule, lighter and warmer then any without: we are therefore our owne umbrellas, and our owne Suns.
a1625 J. Fletcher Rule a Wife (1640) iii. 23 Now you have got a shadow, an umbrella To keep the scorching worlds opinion From your faire credit.
1648 J. Raymond Itinerary Voy. Italy To Rdr. sig. A4 A weather beaten Traveller needs no such Umbrilla as a Patron to shroud under.
a1734 R. North Examen (1740) i. ii. 89 I have been, perhaps, too long in exposing the Author for holding up an Umbrella to keep his Earl in a Shade.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > hiding, concealing from view > means of concealment > [noun] > mask, cloak, disguise
visor1390
scugc1485
cloak1526
visor1532
vizarda1555
mask1577
superficiesa1592
muffler1605
umbrella1623
misguise1646
travesty1732
iron mask1760
domino1836
vizarding1861
1623 H. Hexham Tongue-combat 80 Yorke, Patton, and Symple, with many others, who may haue Dispensations for their Oathes, and Vmbrilloes for their humours.
1653 Bp. J. Taylor Ενιαυτος: Course of Serm. i. vi. 77 We shall dishonour the sufferings of our blessed Saviour, if we make them to be a Umbrello to shelter our impious and ungodly living.
1658 F. Osborne Trad. Mem. Raigne Iames 45 in Hist. Mem. Reigns Elizabeth & Iames These brainsick fooles as..made Religion an Umbrella to impiety.
5. † b. A sun-blind. Obsolete.
a. Anything serving as a protection or shelter from the sun, rain, etc.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > safety > protection or defence > refuge or shelter > [noun] > shelter > a shelter > an umbrella or parasol
kittisol1588
sombrero1599
umbril1610
umbrella1654
roundel1676
rundle1678
rib1716
brolly1874
1654 R. Whitlock Ζωοτομία 403 How do they lessen the stately wonders of the Eye, into Cottages (I may say Snaile-like Umbrellos) meer shades, and Dormitorys.
1674 C. F. Wit at Venture 38 Shroud the Sun, and let each tree To her a kind umbrella be.
1701 C. Wooley Two Years Jrnl. N.-Y. 12 Nature kindly..Shelters it with the umbrella's of all sorts of Trees from pernicious Lakes.
1718 J. Ozell tr. J. Pitton de Tournefort Voy. Levant I. 66 To skreen themselues from the sun, they haue no other way but to make a sort of Umbrella of their Handkerchief.
1840 R. H. Barham Witches' Frolic in Ingoldsby Legends 1st Ser. 166 The straggling yew, His leafy umbrella, was wet through and through; Rob was half dead with cold.
1907 Westm. Gaz. 9 Feb. 2/2 Here and there a stone-pine with its great umbrella of dark foliage cast a more impenetrable shade.
ΘΚΠ
society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > parts of building > window or door > parts of windows > [noun] > fittings or ornaments of windows > blind
umbrella1688
chick1698
blind1730
sunblind1766
Venetian window-blind1769
sunshade1774
roller blind1780
Venetian blind1791
Venetian1816
jalousie1824
shutter-blind1833
jealousy1834
festoon blind1837
shade1869
roll-up1960
mini-blind1974
1688 G. Miege Great French Dict. ii. sig. Dddd4/2 To have an Umbrello before his Window to keep off the Sun [Fr. un Paillasson].
1706 Phillips's New World of Words (new ed.) Umbrello,..a Wooden Frame cover'd with Cloth or Stuff, to keep off the Sun from a Window.
1709 D. Manley Secret Mem. 33 The Weather violently hot, the Umbrelloes were let down from behind the Windows, the Sashes open.
c. A screen of fighter aircraft or a curtain of fire put up as protection against enemy aircraft.
ΘΚΠ
society > armed hostility > hostilities in the air > group or unit on operation > [noun] > force giving air cover
air umbrella1941
umbrella1941
1941 Hutchinson's Pict. Hist. War 14 May–8 July 138 They slink along from port to port under the protection of their air umbrella.
1942 Hutchinson's Pict. Hist. War 18 Mar.–9 June 102 The task of a fleet working in confined waters is a most difficult one. It is eased if long-range fighters or aircraft-carriers..are available to provide a protective umbrella.
1945 Sun (Baltimore) 17 Mar. 2-0/5 The giant bombers of the United States 15th Air Force, continuing their methodical pounding of Germany's vital fuel sources, were escorted by an umbrella of fast American fighters.
1946 Sun (Baltimore) 26 June 8/3 Gun crews pumped deadly umbrellas of anti-aircraft fire above the harbor.
1967 Electronics 6 Mar. 73 (advt.) The Army's new Missile Mentors..now provide major U.S. cities with air defense umbrellas.
6.
a. A structure resembling in shape an outspread umbrella, or serving for protection against something.
ΘΚΠ
society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > building of specific shape > [noun]
quadrangle1596
rotund1606
rotundo1614
camera1633
rotunda1648
tholosc1660
umbrella1680
octagon1767
round tower1790
cone1791
flat-iron1862
tetragon1884
tempietto1896
tetrapylon1904
igloo1956
shoebox1968
the world > action or operation > safety > protection or defence > [noun] > means of protection or defence > a statue or object > a structure
umbrella1680
1680–4 T. Dingley Hist. from Marble (1867) I. p. xxxix The Umbrello in ye Bath was erected and leaded by Mr. Coo.
1719 T. D'Urfey Wit & Mirth II. 125 Tho' at Cales they scap'ed our Guns, By strong wall'd umbrello.
1742 B. Langley Anc. Archit. Restored Pl. xxxi The work contains several designs for Umbrellos, by which term the author indicates a roofed structure with open sides to be placed at the termination of a walk in a garden.
1848 H. H. Wilson Hist. Brit. India 1805–35 III. i. 51 A spire surmounted by a Tee or umbrella of open iron-work.
1883 W. S. Gresley Gloss. Terms Coal Mining 266 Umbrella [= Bonnet, the overhead cover of a cage or swinging bont].
1904 Daily Chron. 26 Oct. 4/5 It requires a pretty good umbrella of a trench to protect men from this death-shower.
b. Anything which temporarily or permanently has the form of an umbrella.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > shape > curvature > curved surface > [noun] > convexity > convex surface or body
convex1626
umbrellac1770
shield1849
c1770 Art of Angling 48 in Ruddiman Coll. (1773) 277 But mine is not the glory to unfurl The net's umbrello, with Herculean whirl.
1830 J. Baxter Libr. Agric. & Hort. Knowl. 66 The feathery-like points of the down..uniting together form a kind of umbrella inverted.
1866 E. C. Rye Brit. Beetles 225 The larvæ in this family have an ingenious but unpleasant habit of forming their excrement into an umbrella, as in Crioceris.
1885 Pall Mall Gaz. 11 Mar. 11/1 The araucaria forests..fringing the tops of the hills..with delicate, long stilted umbrellas.
c. A broad-brimmed hat.
ΘΚΠ
the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > headgear > [noun] > hat > with a brim > broad-brimmed
umbrel1688
umbrellaa1803
wind-cuttera1834
broad-brim1855
broad-brimmer1860
sundown1870
a1803 C. L. Lewes in Mem. (1805) I. 25 A large slouched beaver umbrella, that wanted only a crape hatband to sanctify it for a funeral.
d. U.S. Military slang. A parachute.
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > air or space travel > a means of conveyance through the air > parachute > [noun]
parachute1784
chute1920
umbrella1933
brolly1934
1933 C. K. Stewart Speech Amer. Airman 99 Umbrella, parachute.
1980 J. Ditton Copley's Hunch ii. i. 117 It takes ages to come down on an umbrella... Then you have to get rid of the chute.
7.
a. Botany. A part of a plant resembling an outspread umbrella.
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > part of plant > part defined by form or function > [noun] > parts of specific shape
finger?a1425
saucer1578
umbrella1658
neck1673
discus1687
cord1776
wing1776
starlet1787
ribbon1854
rat-tail1871
peltation1881
rod1884
1658 Sir T. Browne Garden of Cyrus iii, in Hydriotaphia: Urne-buriall 124 Elegant clusters of Dragons..with an umbrella or skreening Leaf about them.
1712 J. Browne tr. P. Pomet et al. Compl. Hist. Druggs I. 6 The Flowers grow in Umbrellos on the Tops of the thick Branches.
1809 Naval Chron. 22 493 The cap of a mushroom, which M. P...names umbrella.
b. Zoology. The gelatinous disk or bell-shaped structure of a jellyfish.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > invertebrates > subkingdom Metazoa > grade Diploblastica > phylum Coelenterata > [noun] > class Acalepha > member of (jelly-fish) > parts of > umbrella
umbrella1834
1834 E. Griffith et al. Cuvier's Animal Kingdom XII. 482 Medusa have a disk more or less convex above, similar to the head of a mushroom, and to which the name of umbrella has been given.
1861 J. R. Greene Man. Animal Kingdom II. 38 In the umbrella of the Lucernaridæ, both vesicles and pigment-spots seem to become united into a single organ.
1881 E. R. Lankester in Jrnl. Microsc. Sci. Jan. 122 The manubrium of Limnocodium is a somewhat quadrangular tube, which depends during life below the margin of the umbrella.
c. Conchology. A limpet-like gastropod of the genus Umbrella; also the part of the shell resembling an open umbrella.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > invertebrates > subkingdom Metazoa > grade Triploblastica or Coelomata > class Gastropoda > [noun] > superorder Branchifera > order Opisthobranchiata > suborder Tectibranchiata > order Inferobranchiata > member of Pleurobranchidae (umbrella)
umbrella1841
1841 Penny Cycl. XXI. 217/2 Umbrella with a flattened shell; the disk of the lower surface not radiated.
1861 P. P. Carpenter in Rep. Smithsonian Inst. 1860 230 The shell..entirely covers the animal; which..can move its long neck freely under its large umbrella.
1861 P. P. Carpenter in Rep. Smithsonian Inst. 1860 234 The Umbrellas are very large creatures, wearing a flat limpet on the middle of the back.
ΘΚΠ
the world > plants > particular plants > trees and shrubs > tree or shrub groups > elder > [noun]
eldera700
bourtreec1450
white umbrella1658
parsley-leaved elder1731
Judas tree1886
1658 Sir T. Browne Garden of Cyrus iii, in Hydriotaphia: Urne-buriall 125 The white umbrella or medicall bush of Elder, is an Epitome of this order.
9. Authority, protection, means of defence; controlling or unifying agency. Frequently in under the umbrella and variants.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > safety > protection or defence > [noun] > afforded by a specific person or thing
umberc1380
bannerc1400
safeguard1466
human shield1885
umbrella1948
society > authority > control > [noun] > charge > unifying agency
umbrella1948
1948 Hansard Commons 22 Jan. 388 Giving the smaller Powers a chance to evolve, under the umbrella of the Four Powers.
1949 Hansard Commons 24 May 1213 I am not taking away from the occupants of these flats the umbrella which the law intends to give them.
1952 Sun (Baltimore) 15 Feb. (B ed.) 2/6 The big broad budgetary umbrella under which all manner of wasteful sin is committed.
1958 Economist 25 Oct. 297/2 The political division of Germany may become once more a looming casus belli, to be contested by the conventional forces that can regain their freedom of action under the atomic umbrella.
1962 H. O. Beecheno Introd. Business Stud. xi. 93 What they have done is to bring all the operations, or most of them, under the umbrella of one firm and cut out various ‘middlemen’ as separate concerns.
1965 Listener 1 July 7/2 Europe seems unenthusiastic to exchange the American nuclear umbrella for a French one.
1973 E. Bullins Theme is Blackness 7 Theater workers and institutions that presently work from under the Black umbrella.
1976 Howard Jrnl. 15 i. 55 Many of the former approved schools continue in their former practices, albeit under a new umbrella.
1983 Listener 12 May 5/3 The harsh truth is that Sweden is not under the NATO umbrella.
Compounds
C1.
a. General attributive.
(a)
umbrella-bearer n.
ΘΚΠ
society > authority > subjection > service > servant > personal or domestic servant > attendant or personal servant > [noun] > umbrella-bearer
umbrella-bearer1852
1852 Bonomi Nineveh & Palaces (1853) 176 The king..is accompanied by his charioteer and umbrella-bearer.
1891 S. Kinns Graven in Rock xvi. 599 In the left hand of the umbrella-bearer is an object like a fan or fly-trap.
umbrella-case n.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > equipment > receptacle or container > case or container > [noun] > for other specific articles
stone-case1664
pewter-case1679
notecase1805
cardholder1821
umbrella-case1850
button holder1864
card carrier1901
jewel case1986
1850 W. M. Thackeray Pendennis II. xviii. 179 His dispatch-boxes and umbrella-cases, his guide-books, passports, maps, and other elaborate necessaries of the English traveller.
umbrella-cover n.
umbrella covering n.
ΚΠ
1888 Encycl. Brit. XXIII. 723/1 In 1848 William Sangster patented the use of alpaca as an umbrella covering material.
umbrella frame n.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > safety > protection or defence > refuge or shelter > [noun] > shelter > a shelter > an umbrella or parasol > frame of
umbrella frame1837
1837 L. Hebert Engin. & Mech. Encycl. II. 829 Umbrella frames of the usual construction.
umbrella-maker n.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > worker > workers according to type of work > manual or industrial worker > producer > makers of other articles > [noun] > maker or mender of umbrellas
umbrella-maker1793
umbrella-mender1846
1793 Matthews's New Bristol Directory 1793–4 10 Ashbury, William, Umbrella-maker, Hope-square, Hotwells.
1813 Examiner 31 May 350/2 She has given ‘mirth’ to nobody except it be the ducks and the umbrella-makers.
1884 Harper's Mag. Feb. 375/1 An umbrella-maker had established his open-air shop.
umbrella-mender n.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > worker > workers according to type of work > manual or industrial worker > producer > makers of other articles > [noun] > maker or mender of umbrellas
umbrella-maker1793
umbrella-mender1846
1846 C. Dickens Dombey & Son (1848) iii. 16 The summer sun..came with the water-carts and the old clothes-men,..and the umbrella mender.
umbrella-shaped adj.
ΚΠ
1796 W. Withering Arrangem. Brit. Plants (ed. 3) I. 387 Capsule cylindrical, sitting on a hollow nearly globular or umbrella-shaped receptacle.
1837 P. Keith Bot. Lexicon 298 The pileus or cap is the conical or umbrella-shaped organ that surmounts the stipe of the Agarics.
1862 D. T. Ansted & R. G. Latham Channel Islands ii. ix. 239 The umbrella-shaped body of this animal.
umbrella-silk n.
ΘΚΠ
the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile fabric or an article of textile fabric > textile fabric > textile fabric made from specific material > made from silk > [noun] > types of > for specific uses
samite?a1366
marceline1835
merv1887
umbrella-silk1888
1888 Encycl. Brit. XXIII. 723/1 Umbrella silk is principally made at Lyons and Crefeld.
umbrella-stand n.
ΘΚΠ
society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > furniture and fittings > stand > [noun] > other stands
boot-rack1837
umbrella-stand1837
watch-stand1858
pot stand1868
wig-stand1883
tie rack1916
patio stand1969
1837 C. Dickens Pickwick Papers xxxiv. 378 A mahogany umbrella stand.
1862 Catal. Internat. Exhib., Brit. II. No. 6061 Fenders, fire-irons, hat and umbrella stands.
1879 G. Meredith Egoist xxv He stepped to the umbrella-stand. There was then a general question whether Clara had taken her umbrella.
umbrella-stick n.
ΚΠ
1875 E. H. Knight Amer. Mech. Dict. III. 2679/1 In preparing an ordinary umbrella-stick, it passes through 19 separate processes or movements.
umbrella-topped adj.
ΚΠ
1850 R. Gordon-Cumming Five Years Hunter's Life S. Afr. I. xi. 250 Some friendly grove of umbrella-topped mimosas.
umbrella-trade n.
ΚΠ
1835 Penny Cycl. IV. 446/1 The umbrella trade arose from the demand for the brass furniture of these useful contrivances.
(b)
umbrella-wise adv.
ΚΠ
1725 R. Bradley Chomel's Dictionaire Œconomique at Elder-Tree Its Flowers grow somewhat like Roses at the Tops of the Branches Umbrella or Parasole-wise.
(c) (In sense 5c.)
umbrella barrage n.
ΚΠ
1944 T. H. Wisdom Triumph over Tunisia 134 There was..an intense umbrella barrage over the two Tunisian ports.
(d) (In sense 9.)
umbrella basis n.
ΚΠ
1961 Wall St. Jrnl. 30 Nov. 19/3 Companies with assembly plants, warehouses and other properties in 15 countries, for example, are realizing it is to their advantage to write insurance on an ‘umbrella’ basis.
umbrella policy n.
ΚΠ
1963 Daily Tel. 23 Sept. 21/6 Miss Hawkes said that CND's ‘umbrella policy’ of accepting any group simply because it had pacifist aims, was not acceptable to her.
b. In names of plants or trees, denoting ‘shaped like, resembling, an umbrella’.
umbrella acacia n.
ΚΠ
1882 Garden 11 Mar. 166/3 The Umbrella Acacia..forms a dense globular head, which is certainly very conspicuous.
umbrella bush n.
ΚΠ
1889 J. H. Maiden Useful Native Plants Austral. 363 Acacia Oswaldi,..often called Umbrella Bush, as it is a capital shade-tree.
umbrella fern n.
ΚΠ
1882 T. H. Potts Out in Open 53 There Cunningham's Gleichenia grows marvellously robust, its stiff many-branched fronds rise, tier above tier, in curved fan-like form—which habit, doubtless, induced settlers to call this species the ‘umbrella fern’.
1959 A. H. McLintock Descr. Atlas N.Z. 30 Where the forest has been cleared and burnt, the resulting cover is all too often low scrub, rushes, and umbrella fern.
umbrella-fir n.
ΚΠ
1884 W. Miller Dict. Eng. Names Plants 247/2 Sciadopitys, Umbrella-, or Parasol-, Pine or Fir.
umbrella grass n.
ΚΠ
1884 W. Miller Dict. Eng. Names Plants 58/1 Umbrella Grass. Fuirena squarrosa and Panicum decompositum.
1898 E. E. Morris Austral Eng. 487/1 It is called Umbrella-grass, from the shape of the branches at the top of the stem representing the ribs of an open umbrella.
umbrella leaf n.
ΚΠ
1866 J. Lindley & T. Moore Treasury Bot. I. 412/1 The only species, Diphylleia cymosa, a native of Japan, and of the southern United States, is there called the Umbrella Leaf.
umbrella palm n.
ΚΠ
1798 P. A. Nemnich Allgemeines Polyglotten-Lex. II. 928 Umbrella palm. Corypha umbraculifera.
1884 W. Miller Dict. Eng. Names Plants 210/1 Kentia Canterburyana, Umbrella Palm.
umbrella-pine n.
ΚΠ
1873 W. B. Hemsley Handbk. Hardy Trees 435 Sciadopitys verticillata, Umbrella-Pine. A large evergreen tree from 50 to 150 feet high.
1893 G. Allen Scallywag I. 141 Among the rosemary bushes and the scanty umbrella-pines.
umbrella-plant n.
ΚΠ
1874 J. Lindley & T. Moore Treasury Bot. (rev. ed.) Suppl. 1350/1 Umbrella-plant, Saxifraga peltata.
umbrella-wort n.
ΚΠ
1829 J. C. Loudon Encycl. Plants 36 (heading) Calymenia. Umbrella-Wort.
1852 G. W. Johnson Cottage Gardeners' Dict. 671/2 Oxybaphus, Umbrella-wort.
c. In names of birds, etc.
umbrella-ant n.
ΚΠ
1883 W. Farren White Ants vi. 61 In some ant colonies more than two distinct forms of workers are found. I may instance the Sauba, or Umbrella ant of Brazil.
1891 Cent. Dict. Umbrella-ant, a parasol-ant or leaf-carrying ant.
umbrella-bird n.
ΚΠ
1850 A. R. Wallace in Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. (1851) 8 429 The Umbrella Bird is about the size of a crow.
1863 H. W. Bates Naturalist on River Amazons II. iv. 283 The rare and curious Umbrella bird (Cephalopterus ornatus)..decorated with a crest of long, curved, hairy feathers having long bare quills, which, when raised, spread themselves out in the form of a fringed sun-shade over the head.
umbrella chatterer n.
ΚΠ
1863 H. W. Bates Naturalist on River Amazons II. vi. 387 Birds and monkeys, in this glorious forest were very abundant..the Umbrella Chatterer and Curl-crested Toucans amongst the most beautiful of the birds.
umbrella shell n.
ΚΠ
1861 P. P. Carpenter in Rep. Smithsonian Inst. 1860. 234 Family Umbrellidæ. (Chinese Umbrella Shells.)
1881 Cassell's Nat. Hist. V. 226 The ‘Chinese Umbrella-shell’ has a small depressed Limpet-like shell, marked by concentric lines of growth.
umbrella snake n.
ΚΠ
1904 Westm. Gaz. 23 Apr. 2/3 The natives call it Mtaba, or the umbrella snake.
C2.
umbrella aerial n. an aerial in which the wires are arranged like the ribs of an umbrella.
ΚΠ
1913 Wireless World Apr. p. xxv/2 The aerial wires are arranged to act as stays for the mast, forming what is known as an ‘umbrella’ aerial.
1926 R. W. Hutchinson First Course Wireless 163 Another type of aerial is the umbrella type.
umbrella bridge n. a temporary raised traffic lane with ramp approaches, in use while building work is conducted below.
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > means of travel > route or way > way, path, or track > road > parts of road > [noun] > part where vehicles run > part wide enough for one vehicle > temporary raised lane
umbrella bridge1962
1962 Daily Tel. 14 Sept. 15/7 Supports will be sunk to take a steel ‘umbrella’ road bridge while the Oxford Circus underground station is rebuilt.
1973 Times 24 Mar. 2/8 A temporary ‘umbrella’ bridge is to be erected in the Charring Cross railway station forecourt.
umbrella defence n. in American football, an alignment of the backs resembling the shape of an open umbrella.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > ball game > football > American football > [noun] > formations
T-formation1930
umbrella defence1950
pocket1955
shotgun formation1967
O-line1971
wishbone1972
1950 Sun (Baltimore) 23 Oct. 17/3 An umbrella backfield defense..had no special name. It was..a formation to provide width and depth for pass defence. It has the general shape of an umbrella.
1972 J. Mosedale Football x. 145 Owen installed what was called ‘the umbrella defense’, so-called because the alignment of the defensive backfield resembled an open umbrella.
umbrella field n. Cricket an arrangement of close fieldsmen (esp. in the slips) spread in a cordon about the batter.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > ball game > cricket > fielding > [noun] > arrangement of field
umbrella field1954
1954 K. R. Miller & R. S. Whitington Gods or Flannelled Fools? vi. 225 Hassett had been loath to set the..‘Umbrella’ field..with eight men stationed in an inner arc behind the batsman from backward point to square-leg.
1963 Courier-Mail (Brisbane) 21 Nov. 17/1 The conversation..consisted of snippets like..‘in an umbrella field’.
umbrella gingham n. gingham employed for covering umbrellas.
ΚΠ
1834 Tait's Edinb. Mag. New Ser. 1 72/2 Umbrella ginghams have remained steady for some time.
umbrella hat n. a hat similar in size or shape to an umbrella.
ΘΚΠ
the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > headgear > [noun] > hat > other
cap (also hat) of maintenancec1475
hat1483
wishing-hat1600
cockle hat1603
porringer1623
poke1632
custard-cap1649
bonnet1675
muff-box1678
Caroline1687
Quaker1778
meat safe1782
balloon hat1784
gypsy hat1785
cabriolet1797
gypsy bonnet1803
Gypsy1806
Wellington hat1809
fan-tail-hat1810
umbrella hat1817
radical1828
caubeen1831
topi1835
montera1838
Petersham1845
squash hat1860
Moab1864
kiddy1865
flap-hat1866
Dolly Varden1872
brush-hata1877
potae1881
Pope's-hat1886
plateau1890
kelly1915
push-back1920
kiss-me-quick hat1963
pakul1982
tinfoil hat1982
1817 S. T. Coleridge Biogr. Lit. (1907) II. 150 Dutch women with large umbrella hats shooting out half a yard before them.
umbrella-lamp n. a lamp having an umbrella-like shade.
ΚΠ
1893 K. D. Wiggin Polly Oliver i. 16 There was an umbrella-lamp bestowed by a boarder whom Mrs. Oliver had nursed through typhoid fever.
umbrella man n. (a) one who mends or sells umbrellas; (b) a street-vendor who displays his wares in an inverted open umbrella.
ΘΚΠ
society > trade and finance > selling > seller > [noun] > street vendor
costermonger?1518
street vendor1840
street trader1845
coster1851
handseller1851
patterer1851
umbrella man1851
gutter-man1892
dragger1896
gutter-merchant1896
pitcher1896
pitchman1914
pitchwoman1927
barrow boy1939
fly-pitcher1965
mama put1979
society > trade and finance > selling > seller > sellers of specific things > [noun] > sellers of other specific things
soaper?c1225
oilman1275
smear-monger1297
upholder1333
basket-seller?1518
broom-seller?1518
upholster1554
rod-woman1602
starchwoman1604
pin manc1680
colour seller1685
potato-woman1697
printseller1700
rag-seller1700
Greenwich barber1785
sandboy1821
iceman1834
umbrella man1851
fly-boy1861
snuff-boxera1871
pedlar1872
snake-boy1873
bric-a-brac man1876
tinwoman1884
resurrectionist1888
butch1891
paanwallah1955
1851 H. Mayhew London Labour I. 303/1 I learned from one ‘umbrella man’ that, six or seven years previously, he used to sell more portraits of ‘Mr. Edmund Kean, as Richard III.’, than of anything else.
1889 Belgravia Sept. 333 The umbrella-man..stopped beside a stile and put down his bundle of umbrellas.
umbrella organization n. an organization which represents and protects separate member bodies.
ΘΚΠ
society > society and the community > social relations > an association, society, or organization > types of association, society, or organization > [noun] > other types of association, society, or organization
invisible college1647
rota1660
working party1744
free association1761
working committee1821
Ethical Society1822
bar association1824
league1846
congress1870
tiger1874
cult1875
Daughters of the American Revolution1890
community group1892
housing association1898
working party1902
development agency1910
affinity group1915
propaganda machine1916
funding body1922
collective1925
Ku-Klux1930
network1946
NGO1946
production brigade1950
umbrella organization1950
plantation1956
think-tank1958
think group1961
team1990
1950 Times 8 May 2/7 The domestic poultry-keepers could also win independence, and it is doubtful whether either group needs an ‘umbrella’ organization set up at the Ministry of Agriculture.
1983 Out of Town Dec. 17/1 They [sc. naturalist rectors] showed an equally native disposition to flourish best as part of an amiable, protective institution. Today the bbc has replaced the Church as the umbrella organisation.
umbrella print-seller n. = umbrella man n. (b).
ΚΠ
1851 H. Mayhew London Labour I. 303/2 Sometimes, too, an ‘umbrella print-seller’ will have a few ‘pictures in frames’, on a sort of stand alongside the umbrella.
umbrella roof n. an arched roof resembling an umbrella.
ΘΚΠ
society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > a building > parts of building > roof > [noun] > types of roof generally
vaulta1387
plat-roofa1425
pend1454
faunsere1460
compassed roofa1552
terrace1572
sotie1578
crown1588
arch-roof1594
arch1609
under-roof1611
concameration1644
voltoa1660
hip roof1663
French roof1669
oversail1673
jerkinhead1703
mansard1704
curb-roof1733
shed roof1736
gable roof1759
gambrel roof1761
living roof1792
pent roof1794
span-roof1823
wagon-head1823
azotea1824
rafter roof1825
rooflet1825
wagon-vault1835
bell-roof1842
spire-roof1842
cradle-roof1845
packsaddle roof1845
open roof1847
umbrella roof1847
gambrel1848
packsaddle1848
compass-roof1849
saddleback1849
saddle roof1850
curbed roof1866
wagon-roof1866
saw-tooth roof1900
trough roof1905
skillion roof1911
north-light roof1923
shell roof1954
green roof1984
knee-roof-
1847 J. Leitch tr. C. O. Müller Anc. Art §106 (1850) 74 The Odeion also, a smaller theatre with an umbrella roof, received its form at Athens.
umbrella sail n. a sail constructed partly on the principle of an umbrella.
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > equipment of vessel > masts, rigging, or sails > sail > [noun] > other sails
fuk1465
tilt-sail1620
wing-sail1794
umbrella sail1900
1900 Pearson's Mag. Aug. 143 The umbrella sail can be set or furled in a minute; it does not close up as does an umbrella, but each side shuts up like a fan.
umbrella tent n. a tent made on the umbrella principle.
ΚΠ
1895 Army & Navy Co-op. Soc. Price List 15 Sept. Index p. lxxv Umbrella Tents.
1895 Army & Navy Co-op. Soc. Price List 15 Sept. 449 The Umbrella Garden Tent with Sloping Walls.
umbrella type n. used (frequently, with hyphen, attributive) to denote any structure which resembles (part of) an umbrella in shape.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > shape > curvature > curved surface > [noun] > like a vault or dome
vault1530
cope1667
dome1726
umbrella type1913
1913 Wireless World June 210/1 M. V...asks..whether the ‘umbrella type’ of aerial would be most suitable, or whether the use of another mast, 10 feet high,..would improve matters.
1940 Chambers's Techn. Dict. 876/1 Umbrella-type alternator.., a vertical-shaft alternator,..in which the field system is overhung and revolves around the stationary armature.
1962 Daily Tel. 4 Dec. 15/3 An open market..has been replaced by a modern covered market. It has an attractive umbrella-type roof.
1963 Guardian 27 Feb. 5/2 Why on a semisports car should the handbrake be of the ‘umbrella’ type?
1971 Jamaican Weekly Gleaner 17 Nov. 9/1 The promenade..would contain umbrella type shops and stalls to accommodate the present proliferation of peddlers.
umbrella warping n. Nautical (see quot.).
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > equipment of vessel > other equipment of vessel > [noun] > other equipment
rack1691
ice hook1694
searcher1775
fumigation-lamp1815
mete-stick1815
boat axe1820
devil's claw1833
telegraph1842
boat slide1854
anchor ball1858
umbrella warping1867
anchor ball1942
coffee grinder1952
1867 W. H. Smyth & E. Belcher Sailor's Word-bk. 705 Umbrella-warping, a contrivance similar to an umbrella, by which ships in a calm can be warped ahead.
C3. attributive passing into adj. Of words, names, etc.: covering a number of meanings or associated terms; general, catch-all.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > kind or sort > generality > condition or state of being inclusive > [adjective] > inclusive or comprehensive
largea1400
wide1534
capable1592
inclusive1604
comprehensive1614
all-comprehensive1650
complexive1654
diffused1658
comprehensional1673
perileptic1678
all-encompassing1805
unexcluding1822
widish1845
all-embracing1847
unexclusive1852
all-inclusive1858
broad1872
embracive1897
periscopic1912
wide-angle1932
umbrella1949
1949 G. Ryle Concept of Mind vi. 198 The range of higher order acts and attitudes, which are apt to be inadequately covered by the umbrella-title ‘self-consciousness’.
1957 Listener 8 Aug. 201/1 Cancer is one of the umbrella words. It covers a number of disease conditions.
1974 Country Life 5 Dec. 1723/1 The numerous [Ilex] hybrids which are gathered beneath the umbrella name of I. × altaclarensis.
1977 Times Lit. Suppl. 29 Apr. 530/3 Any one of half a dozen umbrella titles would equally well match the variety of the contents of this military miscellany, War and Society.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1921; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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