| 释义 |
parapatric, a. Biol.|pærəˈpætrɪk|
[f. para-1 1 + Gr. πάτρᾱ fatherland, after allopatric, sympatric adjs.]
Of speciation: such that the diverging populations occupy distinct but contiguous areas. Also, occurring in or designating such areas.
1955H. M. Smith in Turtox News Feb. 77/1 Recognizable differentiation of parapatric or sympatric populations must of necessity be preceded (or accompanied) by the attainment of some sort of reproductive isolation. 1972J. Murray Genetic Diversity & Nat. Selection vi. 87 It is..convenient to distinguish by the term parapatric speciation the special case considered here in which the incipient species are contiguous populations in a continuous cline. 1977Nature 22 Dec. 785/2 Subspecific and even specific differentiation (parapatric speciation) in the absence of barriers to gene-flow is as common and important as divergence with strong barriers. 1983E. C. Minkoff Evolutionary Biol. xiii. 234/1 These findings are unaffected by subsequent studies showing that the frogs placed by Moore in the species Rana pipiens belong in reality to two closely similar species (sibling species) with closely adjacent (parapatric) ranges.
Hence paraˈpatrically adv., by means of parapatric speciation; without physical isolation.
1973Nature 31 Aug. 574/1 The karyotypes coexist parapatrically with little or no interbreeding. 1983E. C. Minkoff Evolutionary Biol. xiv. 248/2 Clarkia lingulata, with tongue-shaped petals and a chromosome number of 2N= 18, appears to have formed parapatrically on the periphery of the range of Clarkia biloba, a more wide-ranging species with heart-shaped petals and 2N= 16. |