| 释义 |
‖ septum|ˈsɛptəm|
Pl. septa |ˈsɛptə|.
[a. L. sēptum, sæptum, f. sēpīre, sæpīre to enclose, f. sēpēs, sæpēs hedge.]
A partition; a dividing wall, membrane, layer, etc.; a dissepiment. a. gen.
1733Tull Horse-Hoeing Husb. xi. 125 When the Plants of the outer Row are too numerous on a shallow Mould, the Roots of these, which are always thickest near the Bottom of the Stems, make a Septum or Hedge betwixt the Roots of the middle..Row and the Interval. 1862Miller Elem. Chem., Org. (ed. 2) ii. §4. 114 It [sc. vegetable parchment] may be substituted for bladder as a septum, in electrolytic operations, with great advantage. 1871‘Stonehenge’ Brit. Sports i. i. ii. §5. 38 Two pieces of stamped brass forming a strong septum in the cap. 1877F. G. Lee Gloss. Liturg. Terms, Septum, a term used by certain seventeenth-century Anglican writers for the..rail, placed on each side of the entrance of the sanctuary, to support the communicants. a1879W. K. Clifford Lect. I. 205 Hydrogen goes through a septum or wall of graphite four times as fast as oxygen does. 1883F. Day Indian Fish (Fish. Exhib. Publ.) 64 A hoop supporting a bag-like net..with a septum about 11 inches from mouth leading into the lower portion of the net.
b. Anat. e.g. the partition between the nostrils (septum nasi), the membrane separating the ventricles of the heart (septum cordis). septum lucidum or septum pellucidum, a thin double layer of tissue forming a partition between the two lateral ventricles of the brain.
1698W. Cowper Anat. Humane Bodies App., 7th Table, fig. 30, That part of the corpus callosum by Vieussens, call'd fornix vera, between which, and the fornix..is plac'd the septum lucidum. 1713W. Cheselden Anat. Human Body iii. xii. 135 Under the corpus callosum appear the two lateral or superior ventricles, which are divided into right and left by a very thin membrane named septum lucidum, which is extended between the corpus callosum and fornix. 1726Monro Anat. Bones 86 In some Sculls, besides the large osseus Septum, there are found in each Sinus several bony Pillars. 1733Winslow's Anat. Hum. Body (1756) II. 243 The Falx, or great longitudinal Septum of the Dura Mater. 1781Pennant Hist. Quadrup. II. 530 The nostrils oval, and divided by a septum. 1803C. Bell Anat. Human Body III. i. i. 15 Those septa, or, as they are called, processes of the dura mater, being extended across from the internal surface of the cranium, support the brain in the sudden motions of the body. 1807R. Morris et al. Edin. Med. & Physical Dict. II, Septum lucidum, or Septum pellucidum. 1833Brewster Nat. Magic iii. 312 Some of the party experienced sharp pains in the tips of their ears and in the septum of the nose. 1859J. Tomes Dental Surg. 4 The septa, which divide into a series of cells that which at an earlier age was but a continuous groove. 1872T. Bryant Pract. Surg. 124, I have only removed one [sc. Polypus nasi] from the septum. 1880Günther Fishes 66 In Notidanus, membranous septa..cross the substance of the gelatinous notochord. 1883Martin & Moale Verteb. Diss. 128 The tendinous septum (aponeurosis) of the great pectoral muscle. 1899F. H. Gerrish Text-bk. Anat. 362 The fascia sends inward to the femur two intermuscular septa, which partition the thigh into an anterior compartment and a posterior. 1942F. A. Mettler Neuroanatomy iv. 97 Stretched between the copula, rostrum, genu and anterior half of the corpus callosum is a thin, vertically arranged membrane, the translucent septum (s. pellucidum). 1978Nature 19 Jan. 209/1 Whether this input results in cellular discharge depends..on input through the second major afferent pathway to the hippocampus from the septum.
attrib.1904Brit. Med. Jrnl. 10 Sept. 606 Douglas's septum perforator and curved septum knife.
c. Bot. e.g. the division-wall of a cell, a partition in a compound ovary or spore.
1720P. Blair Bot. Ess. ii. 54 The Placentæ..sometimes..arise from an Axis medius,..fram'd by the Conjunction of the three Septa, which meet in the Center. 1830Lindley Nat. Syst. Bot. 159 A fruit with the valves alternate with the septa. 1870Hooker Stud. Flora 85 Pod 2-valved, turgid or flat with a longitudinal septum. 1882Vines Sachs' Bot. 259 The septum, at first simple, splits into two lamellæ.
d. Geol.
a1728Woodward Nat. Hist. Fossils i. (1729) I. 81 In those Bodies that are invested with a Crust, the Septa lessen and grow thinner as they approach the Crust. 1785Hutton in Trans. Roy. Soc. Edinb. (1788) I. 246 The septa have been formed by the uniform contraction of the internal parts of the stone. 1836Buckland Geol. & Min. xv. §4 (1837) I. 347 When these thin septa are converted into iron pyrites, their edges appear like golden filigrane work, meandering amid the pellucid spar. 1851Mantell Petrifactions iv. §6. 407 The dark partitions, or septa, are veins of spar.
e. Zool. e.g. one of the radiated plates of the cell of corals, one of the partitions of a chambered shell.
1815S. Brookes Introd. Conchol. 94 The septa transverse and perforated by a tube. 1846Dana Zooph. (1848) 353 The transverse septa are sometimes seen to extend quite across the whole interior. 1861J. R. Greene Man. Anim. Kingd., Cœlent. 158 In..the Aporosa and Perforata,..septa, in sets of five or six, normally occur.
f. Electronics. A metal plate placed transversely across a waveguide and attached to the walls by conducting joints.
1947L. G. H. Huxley Survey Princ. & Practice of Wave Guides ii. 39 The original electromagnetic field..transforms to that shown..where the magnetic loops are bent over so that their longitudinal portions run in opposite senses, one on each side of the septum. 1964J. L. Altman Microwave Circuits iii. 87 Symmetrical obstacles, such as irises, septa, and posts of various cross⁓sections and positions within the waveguide, are of great practical importance as matching elements..or as elements of waveguide filters and periodic structures. |