| 释义 |
cowslip|ˈkaʊslɪp|
Forms: 1 cúslyppe, cúsloppe, 4–6 couslop(pe, 5 cowslope, -slowpe, -slyppe, cowe-, couslyppe, cowyslepe, (cowslek), 5–6 cowslop(pe, 6 couslip, couslape, 6–7 cowslippe, 6– cowslip.
[OE. cú-slyppe, app. f. cú cow + slyppe viscous or slimy substance, i.e. ‘cow-slobber’ or ‘cow-dung’ (cf. G. kuh-scheisse as a plant-name in Grimm); the variant form in -sloppe, -slop may be compared with ME. sloppe, sloppy or wet place, and slops: see slop n. and v.]
1. a. The common name of Primula veris, a well-known wild plant in pastures and grassy banks, blossoming in spring, with drooping umbels of fragrant yellow flowers. Also called paigle.
c1000Saxon Leechd. II. 326 Wyrc gode wensealfe; nim wudu merce..cu slyppan..ᵹecnuca ealle. c1000ælfric's Voc. in Wr.-Wülcker 135/26 Brittannica, cusloppe. a1387Sinon. Barthol. (Anecd. Oxon.) 23 Herba paralisis, couslop. c1440Promp. Parv. 99 Cowslope, herbe [Pynson, cowslek, or cowslop], herba petri, herba paralisis, ligustra. c1450Voc. in Wu.-Wülcker 586/44 Glustrum, cowslyppe. 1579Spenser Sheph. Cal. Apr. 141 Daffadowndillies, And couslips, and kingcups. 1589Greene Menaphon (Arb.) 36 There growes..The cowsloppe, the primrose, and the violet. 1610Shakes. Temp. v. i. 89 In a Cowslips bell, I lie. 1663Pepys Diary 26 April, Beyond into the fields, gathering of cowslipps. 1740Somerville Hobbinol i. 101 The tufted Cowslips breathe their faint Perfumes. 1860Gosse Rom. Nat. Hist. 6 Tall and luxuriant cowslips.
b. In U.S. commonly applied to the Marsh Marigold.
1856A. Gray Manual Bot. U.S. 11.
2. Applied with qualifying words to various plants resembling the common cowslip.
a. American cowslip, Dodecatheon Meadia (family Primulaceæ), with umbels of large rose-purple or white flowers, found in woods in N. America.
b. French or mountain c., the Auricula (Primula Auricula).
c. c. of Jerusalem, Jerusalem c., the lungwort, Pulmonaria officinalis (family Boraginaceæ); also called c. of Bedlam, Bedlam c., bugloss-cowslip.
†d. Our Lady's cowslip, the yellow Star-of-Bethlehem (Gagea lutea, family Liliaceæ).
e. Virginian c., Mertensia or Pulmonaria virginica (Treas. Bot.).
1565–73Cooper Thesaurus, Bulbus sylvestris, our ladies couslapes. 1578Lyte Dodoens 125 We call it in English Sage of Jerusalem and Cowslip of Jerusalem. c1620T. Robinson M. Magd. 324 With Couslips of Hiersualem so nice, Sweet Eglantine, and cloues of Paradise. 1629Parkinson Paradisi in Sole (1656) 240 They [Primula Auricula] are called by divers women French cowslips. 1676Beal in Phil. Trans. XI. 587 Cowslips of Jerusalem, peculiar to mitigate Hectical fevers. 1866Treas. Bot. 421 The well-known American Cowslip, Dodecatheon Meadia, grows in woods in the warmer parts of North America. Ibid. 940 The Pulmonaria formerly held a place..under the country name of Jerusalem Cowslip. 1879Prior Plant-n., Cowslip, French- or Mountain-, Primula Auricula.
3. attrib. and Comb., as cowslip-bell, cowslip-bud, cowslip-cheek, cowslip-garland, cowslip-spangled adj.; cowslip-ball, a ball of cowslip-blossoms, often made by children; cowslip-peep, -pip, a cowslip-blossom (dial.); cowslip pudding, tart, baked sweet dishes flavoured with cowslip flowers; cow-slip tea, a drink made by infusion of the flowers of the cowslip; also formerly a name for a variety of green tea (quot. 1796); † cowslip-water, a decoction made from cowslips, used medicinally; cowslip wine, wine made from cowslip-blossoms.
1824Miss Mitford Village Ser. i. (1863) 28 We will make a *cowslip-ball.
1821Clare Vill. Minstr. I. 82 *Cowslip buds, so early peeping.
1590Shakes. Mids. N. v. i. 339 These Lilly Lips, this cherry nose, These yellow *Cowslip cheekes.
1794Southey Wat Tyler 1, Your friend..Wreathed me this *cowslip garland for my head.
1821Clare Vill. Minstr. II. 29 Folks tell me that the May's in flower, That *cowslip-peeps are fit to pull. 1835― Rural Muse 36 In the cowslip-pips..Five spots appear.
1723J. Nott Cook's & Confect. Dict. sig. K8, To make a *Cowslip Pudding... To make a Cowslip Tart. 1909Westm. Gaz. 14 May 5/1 ‘Cowslip pudding’ is also a seasonable delicacy.
1840Mrs. Norton Dream 238 Pleasant walks through *cowslip-spangled meads.
1796Hull Advertiser 30 Jan. 1/2 Superfine *Cowslip Tea, 14s. per lb. 1859Mrs. Gatty Aunt Judy's Tales 49 Aunt Judy had got beyond the age when cowslip tea was looked upon as one of the treats of life.
1612J. Webster White Divel L b, *Couslep-water is good for the memorie.
1723J. Nott Cook's & Confect. Dict. sig. K8, To make *Cowslip Wine. 1769Mrs. Raffald Eng. Housekpr. (1778) 325 To make Cowslip Wine. 1860Geo. Eliot Mill on Fl. i. vi, Ways of..making the cowslip wine. 1962A. Jobson Window in Suffolk viii. 124 She..made him drink a glass of cowslip wine. |