| 释义 |
parsnipn. Origin: Perhaps of multiple origins. A borrowing from Latin. Perhaps also a borrowing from French. Etymons: Latin pastināca; French pasnaie. Etymology: Ultimately < classical Latin pastināca carrot, parsnip (perhaps < pastinum pastine n.; the suffix represents -āca , suffix forming nouns, especially names of plants), perhaps via Middle French pasnaie (c1180 in Old French; also pasnaise ; French panais ; compare also Middle French, French † pastinade (1501), Middle French (Provence) pastenargue (1476)), with the ending remodelled after neep n. (compare turnip n.). The development of the β. forms is unexplained.The Latin term has been borrowed into other Germanic languages, compare Middle Dutch pastenake (Dutch pastinak), Middle Low German pasternāk, pastināke, Old High German pastinac, pasternaca (Middle High German pasternacke, pasternac, German Pastinake, Pastinak), Old Swedish pastinata, palsternakka (Swedish palsternacka), Danish pastinak (17th cent. as pestenak). Compare also Italian pastinaca (1288), Old Occitan pastenaga parsnip, carrot. The Old English Glossaries render post-classical Latin pastinaca as English feld moru, walhmore, wealmoru, more, etc., 13th cent. walmore, c1400 wolemore. Compare English regional (southern) pasmet, pasmut, passment, U.S. regional pasnet, with alteration of the final syllable. the world > food and drink > food > fruit and vegetables > vegetables > root vegetable > [noun] > parsnip the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > particular vegetables > [noun] > root vegetables > parsnip c1390 (Vernon) 107 Þe persel, þe passenep, poretes to preue. a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus (BL Add.) f. 244v Euerich herbe wiþ a roote of moche norisshinge haþ seed þat is nought norisshynge, as it fareþ in pasnepis [L. pastinaca] and in rapis. tr. Palladius (Duke Humfrey) (1896) ix. 56 (MED) Also this mone is sowyng of pasnepe. c1450 Practica Phisicalia John of Burgundy in H. Schöffler (1919) 237 (MED) Drynke a sponful at onys with watyr dystyllyde of..parsepare. 1539 T. Elyot (new ed.) 25 Parsnepes and carettes. a1543 in A. Amherst (1896) 76 (MED) Rotys for a gardyn: Persenepez, Turnepez, [etc.]. 1570 P. Levens sig. Mi/1 A Parsnip, partinaca. 1610 13 What should I speake of cucumbers, muske melons, pompions, potatoes, parsneps, carrets, turn vps. 1677 R. Hooke 24 Nov. (1935) 330 Eating buttered parsnebbs these 2 last nights. 1709 J. Lawson 77 The Garden-Roots that thrive well in Carolina, are Carrots, Leeks, Parsnips, Turneps. 1762 June 261/1 To sow parsneps in the open fields. 1809 W. Bentley III. 451 The Parsnip was not so common as heretofore. 1830 J. Baxter 395 The parsnep is a hardy biennial of easy culture. 1895 21 June 689/2 They [sc. pocket gophers] are especially fond of potatoes, turnips, carrots, beets, onion, parsnips, corn, barley, rye and alfalfa. 1948 G. D. H. Bell i. 3 The carrot and the parsnip each has a wild counterpart belonging to the same species growing in this and other countries. 1979 R. Dahl viii. 86 We had roast parsnips with our beef as well as roast potatoes. 1991 C. Stace 609 Pastinaca L.—Parsnips. Somewhat pubescent biennials with strong characteristic smell. the world > plants > particular plants > plants and herbs > according to family > Umbelliferae (umbellifers) > [noun] > other umbellifers 1538 T. Elyot Staphilinus, wylde parsnyppe. 1548 W. Turner sig. G.v Sphondilium..may be called in englishe Cowpersnepe or rough Persnepe. 1640 J. Parkinson 1286 The Sea Parsneppe. 1755 J. Wesley (ed. 5) 38 A Poultis of Wild-Parsnips; Flowers, Leaves, and Stalks. 1866 J. Lindley & T. Moore II. 1140 Thaspium, a genus of North American orthospermous Umbelliferæ... Its popular American name is Meadow Parsnip. 1931 K. M. Smith xiii. 229 The flies..may be found on the flowers of cow parsnip (Heracleum sphondylium Linn.), and similar Umbelliferous weeds. 1991 July–Aug. 49/1 Among its plants and grasses grows the rare water parsnip. Phrases Also proverbs. P2. Phrases. Chiefly colloquial and humorous. 1803 G. Colman ii. ii. 23 ‘You'll come back again,’ says she, ‘That's what I will; before you can say parsnips, my darling,’ says he. 1837 T. Hook II. iv. 167 ‘I'm delighted,’ said Jack, looking parsnips. 1886 H. Baumann 131/2 Parsnip,..I beg ∼s (statt pardon) bitt' um Entschuldigung. 1911 W. S. Gilbert ii. ii. 35 Oh, I beg yer parsnips! 1922 J. Joyce ii. xii. [Cyclops] 290 Who said Christ is good?—I beg your parsnips, says Alf.—Is that a good Christ, says Bob Doran, to take away poor little Willy Dignam? 2002 (Nexis) 15 Jan. al3 At one point in the interview, he actually says, ‘I beg your parsnips?’ when he doesn't quite hear a question. Compounds C1. General attributive. a. the world > food and drink > drink > intoxicating liquor > ale or beer > non-malted brews > [noun] > others 1897 24 Mar. 7/3 Parsnip beer contained nearly 14 per cent. [of proof spirit]. 1904 at Parsnip Parsnip culture. 1992 (Nexis) 28 Nov. ho2 Proper soil preparation is a must in successful parsnip culture. the world > food and drink > food > dishes and prepared food > pastry > pie > [noun] > vegetable pie a1627 T. Middleton (1945) i. i. 79 I'll send you Venson, Custard, Parsnip-pie. 1872 E. Lear The Perpendicular Purple Polly, who read the Newspaper and ate Parsnip Pie with his Spectacles. 2002 (Nexis) 27 Feb. fo5 The underwhelming parsnip pie is a modern version of a recipe dating back to the Middle Ages in England. 1562 J. Heywood sig. Ddiii Here is Parsnip seede that will nip you as nere, As ye were nipt with any parsnip this yere. 1683 (Royal Soc.) 13 27 All in figure some-what resembling Parsnip Seeds. 1766 (Suppl.) at Parsnep Parsnep-seeds seldom grow after they are above a year old. 1876 H. Barnard (ed 2) 443 If you will still continue to watch them, you will find, as the flowers fall off, that seed-vessels are formed, shaped very much like the parsnip seed. 1998 95 13743/2 Webworm pupae and ripe parsnip seeds were collected near four midwestern towns. 1845 E. Acton i. 25 (heading) Parsnip Soup. Dissolve..four ounces and a half of good butter..and slice in directly two pounds of sweet tender parsnips. 1975 17 May 10/8 A bowl of parsnip soup—‘so thick you could trot a mouse on it’, as the country saying goes. 2003 (Nexis) 16 Mar. (Mag.) 51 An espresso cup full of a powerful, creamy parsnip soup. 1897 T. C. Allbutt et al. IV. 375 The pale or parsnip tint which belongs to nephritis. the world > food and drink > drink > intoxicating liquor > wine > non-grape and home-made wines > [noun] > others 1830 J. Baxter 506 March is the month for making parsnip wine. 1937 D. L. Sayers vi. 134 ‘I assure you,’ said Peter, ‘you will find it as mild as your own parsnip wine.’ 2002 (Nexis) 2 Mar. (Garden section) This is a good time of the year for..the making of a fine parsnip wine. b. 1898 T. C. Allbutt et al. V. 365 The cortex has a pale or parsnip-coloured face. 2000 (Nexis) 25 Nov. (Weekend Suppl.) 95 A gnarled, knotty, parsnip-coloured bulb of striking ugliness. C2. the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > Rhopalocera (butterflies) > [noun] > family Papilionidae > genus Papilio > papilio polyxenes asterius (parsley butterfly) 1867 A. S. Packard in 1 220 The Parsnip Butterfly (Papilio Asterias) may be seen flying over the beds of parsnips. 1873 A. S. Packard 200 Early in the month [sc. June] the Parsnip butterfly (Papilio Asterias) may be seen flying about. the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > particular vegetables > [noun] > root vegetables > other root vegetables or plants producing them 1866 J. Lindley & T. Moore I. 74/1 The Parsnip Chervil..is a native of France... In size and shape the root attains the dimensions of a small Dutch carrot. 1890 24 143 The Parsnip chervil, turnip-rooted chervil or tuberous-rooted chervil, is called in France, cerfeuil tubereux, cerfeuil bulbeux. 1994 M. Griffiths 238/1 C[haerophyllum] bulbosum L., turnip-rooted chervil, parsnip chervil. the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > Rhopalocera (butterflies) > [noun] > family Papilionidae > genus Papilio > papilio polyxenes asterius (parsley butterfly) 1930 A. H. Clark xiv. 141 That restricted group of swallowtails..includes our common black or parsnip swallowtail and the common yellow swallowtail of Europe. 1951 A. B. Klots 172 Black (or Parsnip) Swallowtail. Papilio polyxenes asterius Stoll. the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > Heterocera > [noun] > family Oecophoridae > larva of depressaria pastinacella 1888 1 94 The Parsnip Web-worm... We found this insect extremely common in the stems of Wild Parsnips. 1954 D. J. Borror & D. M. DeLong xxvi. 536 The parsnip webworm..attacks parsnips, celery, and related plants. 1992 23 June c12/4 Parsnip webworms can detoxify the parsnips' DNA-linking chemicals. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2005; most recently modified version published online June 2022). <  n.c1390 |
