premeditationn.

Brit.

/ˌpriːmɛdᵻˈteɪʃn/, U.S.

/ˌprimɛdəˈteɪʃ(ə)n/

Forms: late Middle English premedytacyon, late Middle English–1500s premeditacion, 1500s premeditatione (Scottish), 1500s premeditacyon, 1500s premedytacion, 1500s– premeditation, 1600s praemeditation.

Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French premeditation; Latin praemeditātiōn-, praemeditātiō.

Etymology: < Middle French premeditation, premeditacion (1370; French préméditation ) and its etymon classical Latin praemeditātiōn-, praemeditātiō previous consideration < praemeditāt- , past participial stem of praemeditārī premeditate v. + -iō -ion suffix¹. Compare earlier meditation n.

†1. The action of thinking about or contemplating something beforehand or previously, without implication of purpose; anticipation. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > thought > continued thinking, reflection, contemplation > thinking about, consideration, deliberation > [noun] > consideration beforehand

forethoughta1400

premeditationc1450

precogitation1596

precogitancy?a1645

prepense1847

c1450 Speculum Christiani (Harl. 6580) (1933) 56 (MED) It es better truly to haue premedytacyon [L. premeditacionem], a gude befor-thynkynge, than to haue the lordschyppe of alle the worlde.

c1475 Mankind (1969) 44 I besech yow hertyly, haue þis premedytacyon.

1526 W. Bonde Pylgrimage of Perfection ii. sig. Kvi Somtyme dremes may come of some premeditacion or thought that a person hath had y^e day before.

c1550 Complaynt Scotl. (1979) v. 29 That the varld is neir ane ende, quhilk suld be occasione..til haue premeditatione of the future eternal beatitude.

1685 C. Cotton tr. M. de Montaigne Ess. i. xix. 113 The Premeditation of Death is the Premeditation of Liberty; who has learnt to dye has forgot to serve.

2. The action of contemplating a future action in advance, (now) esp. previous planning or preparation of an intended action or event; forethought; design.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > will > intention > planning > [noun] > premeditation

aforethoughta1400

forethoughta1400

premeditation?a1475

designment1570

preconsideration1593

predeliberationa1631

fore-plot1641

premeditatedness1659

design1665

precausation1670

contrivance1695

preconfiguration1830

precontrivance1832

designfulness1867

?a1475 (?a1425) tr. R. Higden Polychron. (Harl. 2261) (1872) IV. 313 Moore scharpe and apte to an answere withowte deliberacion then with premeditacion [a1387 J. Trevisa tr. grete avisement; L. præmeditatis].

1531 T. Elyot Bk. named Gouernour ii. i. sig. Nvii^v Ye haue nowe harde, what premeditations be expedient before that a man take on him the gouernaunce of a publike weale.

1579 T. North tr. Plutarch Liues 901 The orations which he made vpon the sodaine without premeditacion before.

1619 A. Gorges tr. F. Bacon Wisedome Ancients xxviii. 154 Augustus Cæsar (whether by premeditation or by chance) bare a Sphinx in his Signet.

1651 T. Hobbes Leviathan ii. xxvii. 158 A Crime,..he that doth it with præmeditation, has used circumspection [etc.].

1707 J. Mortimer Whole Art Husbandry 291 Premeditation being a very necessary Preliminary to Building.

1788 A. Hamilton Federalist Papers xvi. 97 The delinquencies of the larger members might be expected sometimes to proceed from an ambitious premeditation in their rulers.

a1832 J. Mackintosh Hist. Revol. Eng. (1834) i. 35 There are probably few instances where, with so much premeditation and effrontery, the spoils of an accused man were promised..to the judge, who might have tried him.

1863 ‘G. Eliot’ Romola II. xix. 240 The passionate words were like blows—they defied premeditation.

1892 I. Zangwill Big Bow Myst. (1895) 124 The prisoner murdered his friend and fellow-lodger..in cold blood, and with the most careful premeditation.

1936 J. G. Cozzens Men & Brethren i. 154 Without premeditation their mouths fell open, chanting the spontaneous antiphon.

1999 J. M. Coetzee Disgrace (2000) xix. 166 It began without premeditation on my part. It began as an adventure.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	premeditation
释义	premeditationn. Brit. /ˌpriːmɛdᵻˈteɪʃn/, U.S. /ˌprimɛdəˈteɪʃ(ə)n/ Forms: late Middle English premedytacyon, late Middle English–1500s premeditacion, 1500s premeditatione (Scottish), 1500s premeditacyon, 1500s premedytacion, 1500s– premeditation, 1600s praemeditation. Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from French. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French premeditation; Latin praemeditātiōn-, praemeditātiō. Etymology: < Middle French premeditation, premeditacion (1370; French préméditation ) and its etymon classical Latin praemeditātiōn-, praemeditātiō previous consideration < praemeditāt- , past participial stem of praemeditārī premeditate v. + -iō -ion suffix¹. Compare earlier meditation n. †1. The action of thinking about or contemplating something beforehand or previously, without implication of purpose; anticipation. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > thought > continued thinking, reflection, contemplation > thinking about, consideration, deliberation > [noun] > consideration beforehand forethoughta1400 premeditationc1450 precogitation1596 precogitancy?a1645 prepense1847 c1450 Speculum Christiani (Harl. 6580) (1933) 56 (MED) It es better truly to haue premedytacyon [L. premeditacionem], a gude befor-thynkynge, than to haue the lordschyppe of alle the worlde. c1475 Mankind (1969) 44 I besech yow hertyly, haue þis premedytacyon. 1526 W. Bonde Pylgrimage of Perfection ii. sig. Kvi Somtyme dremes may come of some premeditacion or thought that a person hath had y^e day before. c1550 Complaynt Scotl. (1979) v. 29 That the varld is neir ane ende, quhilk suld be occasione..til haue premeditatione of the future eternal beatitude. 1685 C. Cotton tr. M. de Montaigne Ess. i. xix. 113 The Premeditation of Death is the Premeditation of Liberty; who has learnt to dye has forgot to serve. 2. The action of contemplating a future action in advance, (now) esp. previous planning or preparation of an intended action or event; forethought; design. ΘΚΠ the mind > will > intention > planning > [noun] > premeditation aforethoughta1400 forethoughta1400 premeditation?a1475 designment1570 preconsideration1593 predeliberationa1631 fore-plot1641 premeditatedness1659 design1665 precausation1670 contrivance1695 preconfiguration1830 precontrivance1832 designfulness1867 ?a1475 (?a1425) tr. R. Higden Polychron. (Harl. 2261) (1872) IV. 313 Moore scharpe and apte to an answere withowte deliberacion then with premeditacion [a1387 J. Trevisa tr. grete avisement; L. præmeditatis]. 1531 T. Elyot Bk. named Gouernour ii. i. sig. Nvii^v Ye haue nowe harde, what premeditations be expedient before that a man take on him the gouernaunce of a publike weale. 1579 T. North tr. Plutarch Liues 901 The orations which he made vpon the sodaine without premeditacion before. 1619 A. Gorges tr. F. Bacon Wisedome Ancients xxviii. 154 Augustus Cæsar (whether by premeditation or by chance) bare a Sphinx in his Signet. 1651 T. Hobbes Leviathan ii. xxvii. 158 A Crime,..he that doth it with præmeditation, has used circumspection [etc.]. 1707 J. Mortimer Whole Art Husbandry 291 Premeditation being a very necessary Preliminary to Building. 1788 A. Hamilton Federalist Papers xvi. 97 The delinquencies of the larger members might be expected sometimes to proceed from an ambitious premeditation in their rulers. a1832 J. Mackintosh Hist. Revol. Eng. (1834) i. 35 There are probably few instances where, with so much premeditation and effrontery, the spoils of an accused man were promised..to the judge, who might have tried him. 1863 ‘G. Eliot’ Romola II. xix. 240 The passionate words were like blows—they defied premeditation. 1892 I. Zangwill Big Bow Myst. (1895) 124 The prisoner murdered his friend and fellow-lodger..in cold blood, and with the most careful premeditation. 1936 J. G. Cozzens Men & Brethren i. 154 Without premeditation their mouths fell open, chanting the spontaneous antiphon. 1999 J. M. Coetzee Disgrace (2000) xix. 166 It began without premeditation on my part. It began as an adventure. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2007; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.c1450
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