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单词 bermuda
释义

Bermudan.

Brit. /bəˈmjuːdə/, U.S. /bərˈmjudə/, Bermudian English /bɜrˈmjʉdə/
Forms:

α. 1600s Bermoda's, 1600s Bermoodos, 1600s– Bermudas, 1700s Bermuda's.

β. 1700s– Bermuda.

Origin: From a proper name. Etymon: proper name Bermuda.
Etymology: < Bermuda, Bermudas, the name of a group of islands in the western North Atlantic and (as Islands of Bermuda) of a British Overseas Territory consisting of these islands.The archipelago was apparently so named in honour of the Spanish seafarer Juan de Bermúdez, the first European to see its islands at the beginning of the 16th cent. The place name is attested in Spanish from the early 16th cent., initially denoting a single island (e.g. la ysla Bermuda (1526), la Bermuda (c1527)), and is found in English contexts from the mid 16th cent. in this use (e.g. the Iland Bermuda (1555)). Plural uses, and singular uses denoting the archipelago more widely, are attested in English contexts from at least the late 16th cent. (e.g. the Bermudas (1591), the Islands..of Bermuda (1598)).
1. In form Bermudas. A variety of rolled or cigar tobacco. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > physical sensation > use of drugs and poison > tobacco > smoking > articles or materials used in smoking > [noun] > thing which may be smoked > cigar or cheroot > cigar > type of
Bermuda?a1641
Havana1802
regalia1819
long nine1821
short-six1831
loco-foco1835
Cuba1837
cabana1840
panatela1841
Habanero1845
pickwick1847
colorado maduro1851
colorado1854
colorado claro1854
maduro1854
Henry Clay1855
Trichinopoli chain1863
trichi1877
perfecto1884
claro1891
toby1894
twofera1911
Jamaican1919
?a1641 Duke of Newcastle Country Captain (1999) ii. 50 Will you take Tobacco in the Roll, here is a whole Shiplading of Bermudas.
1641 J. Taylor Complaint M. Tenter-hooke (single sheet) Bermudas, Providentia, Shallowcongo, And the most part of all the rest (Mundungo).
1720 M. Clare Youth's Introd. Trade & Business 102/2 7 Chests of Bermudas Tobacco.
2. A Bermuda onion (see Compounds 1).
ΚΠ
1881 Vick's Monthly Mag. Mar. 89/2 I planted the Giant Rocca along side of the Bermuda, both receiving the same treatment, and to-day the Italians are three to four times as large as the Bermudas.
1915 R. W. Jordan Onions vii. 50 The Texas crop of Bermudas is grown entirely by this method.
2009 Monterey (Calif.) County Herald (Nexis) 20 Aug. I think the straw onions (made with sweet Bermudas) are delicious.
3. In plural. Shorts which end just above the knee; = Bermuda shorts n. at Compounds 3.
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the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > clothing for legs > clothing for legs and lower body > [noun] > trousers > types of > short trousers or shorts > types of
panties1845
lederhosen1937
Bermuda shorts1938
walk shorts1944
Bermudas1954
knickers1954
skort1957
Jamaica shorts1959
baggies1962
cut-off1964
Jamaica1964
sleep-shorts1964
hot pants1970
batty riders1992
1954 Tabor City (N. Carolina) Tribune 11 Aug. 6/4 We bet there are others, too, who are just too bashful to admit they wear Bermudas!
1961 Times 11 July 12/6 No right-thinking suburbanite would be seen on his lawn without wearing Bermudas.
2014 H. M. Aidi Rebel Music Prologue p. x They were dressed similarly in sagging denim Bermudas, eighties-style Nike high-tops, and baseball caps.

Compounds

C1. In the names of plants and trees.
Bermuda buttercup n. the goat's foot Oxalis pes-caprae, which is native to South Africa and widely naturalized in other parts of the world, where it is frequently regarded as an invasive species and noxious weed.
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1894 Amer. Gardening Dec. 516/1 Another bulb of very easy cultivation is Oxalis cernua, or as it is sometimes called, the Bermuda buttercup oxalis.
1995 Holiday Which? Mar. 85/3 The North Atlantic Drift brings an early spring to the islands, so March and April are the best time for wild flowers like three-cornered leek, bermuda buttercups and bear's breeches.
2011 San Jose (Calif.) Mercury News (Nexis) 18 Mar. Homeowners and gardeners wanting to eradicate Bermuda buttercup face a tenacious, prolific weed that has devised many successful survival strategies.
Bermuda cedar n. (also Bermudas cedar, †cedar of Bermuda's) a juniper native to Bermuda and now naturalized in Hawaii, Juniperus bermudiana; (also) the hard reddish wood of this tree, previously used in construction and shipbuilding.Up to 99% of native Bermuda cedars were killed following the introduction of scale insects to the island in the mid-twentieth cent., but some scale-resistant populations have survived.
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the world > plants > particular plants > trees and shrubs > conifers > junipers > [noun]
gorsec1000
savinOE
juniper-treea1382
junipera1400
quickena1400
juniperinec1430
cade1575
jeniver1585
melmot1644
oxycedar1646
red cedar1682
cover-shame1694
Bermuda cedar1700
pencil cedar1785
sharp cedar1840
Rocky Mountain juniper1852
tuckamore1863
tucking-bush1890
1700 J. Petiver Musei Petiveriani viii. 75 The Cedar of Bermuda's.
1725 H. Sloane Voy. Islands II. 2 Strongly scented, extreamly like, if not the same with the Bermudas Cedar.
1785 T. Martyn tr. J.-J. Rousseau Lett. Elements Bot. xxix. 460 Bermuda Cedar is..imported for casing black lead in pencils.
1836 J. C. Loudon Encycl. Plants (rev. ed.) 848 Juniperus bermudiana, Bermudas Cedar.
1931 G. H. Kemper in Methods Handling Amer. Lumber in Mexico, Central Amer., & West Indies (U.S. Dept. Commerce) 26 The only domestic wood used in the building trade is the Bermuda cedar or juniper.
2004 Wildlife Conservation Feb. 34/3 A few Bermuda cedars had resisted the blight.
Bermuda grass n. chiefly U.S. a quick-growing grass common in warm regions of the world and used for pasture and lawns, Cynodon dactylon.Also called Bahama grass, dog's tooth grass.
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the world > plants > particular plants > plants and herbs > a grass or grasses > [noun] > dog's-tooth
dog's tooth1600
Bermuda grass1801
Bahama grass1808
doob1810
sun grass1810
yard-grass1822
quick grass1838
kweek grass1904
1801 T. Brown Let. 8 Mar. in Ann. Agric. (1803) 40 393 Bermuda grass, though not much relished by stock, unless young, covers the ground more completely than any species I know.
1906 F. Lynde Quickening 11 The dooryard with its thick turf of uncut Bermuda grass.
2001 Beef Jan. 15/2 By sprigging Bermuda grass, the Morgans converted less productive cropland into pasture that helps stabilize the land and protect natural resources.
Bermuda lily n. a white-flowering lily, Lilium longiflorum, formerly much cultivated in Bermuda and frequently used as a cut flower for decoration at Easter; esp. one of the variety L. longiflorum var. eximium.Cf. Easter lily n. 1a.
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the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular cultivated or ornamental plants > particular flower or plant esteemed for flower > [noun] > lily and allied flowers > lilies
lily971
lily-flower1340
martagon1440
delucea1450
red lily1531
purple lily1578
mountain lily1597
gold lily1629
Turk's cap1672
turn-cap1688
Juno's rose1706
orange lily1731
Canada lily1771
Japan lily1813
tiger-lily1824
Annunciation lily1853
Easter lily1860
golden-rayed lily1865
scarlet martagon1867
Japanese lily1870
Madonna lily1877
Bermuda lily1882
thimble lily1883
panther lily1884
triplet lily1884
turban-lily1884
Mary-lily1893
tiger1901
leopard lily1902
lilium1902
swamp lily1902
Washington lily1911
Shasta lily1915
regal lily1916
regale1920
Oregon lily1925
1882 Times (Philadelphia) 2 Apr. 5/1 It was anticipated by the trade..that the well-known calla, which has reigned supreme for so long, would be supplanted to a considerable extent this year by the Bermuda lily, or lilium harrisii, a magnificent white flower, improved from the old lilium longiflorum.
1915 I. Ostrander Primal Law xi. 176 She smiled to herself as she lifted from their soft wrappings a great cluster of Bermuda lilies.
2011 C. R. Wilson in C. R. Wilson & H. H. Jackson New Encycl. Southern Culture XVI. 288/1 Southerners enjoy the traditional symbols of Easter. The Bermuda lily (or simply, Easter lily) is widely displayed in churches, homes, and businesses.
Bermuda onion n. any of several large varieties of the common onion having white or yellow skin and a sweet mild flavour; (also) a plant producing such an onion.Onions of this type were introduced to Bermuda in the seventeenth cent. and were commercially grown there and in the southern United States until the mid-twentieth cent., when they were replaced by higher-yielding varieties.
ΚΠ
1841 Alexandria (Virginia) Gaz. 27 July 3000 lbs. Bermuda Onions, in fine order.
1911 F. M. Farmer Catering for Special Occasions iv. 83 Peel six large Bermuda onions and remove a part of the inside.
2010 S. Gilbertie & L. Sheehan Small-plot High-yield Gardening i. 19 White onions, yellow onions, Bermuda onions,..garlic, and garlic chive all possess the same off-putting characteristics for bugs.
C2. Compounds relating to a type of rigging for sailing vessels developed on the Bermuda Islands.
a. As a modifier, designating a part of a Bermuda rig or a vessel fitted with a Bermuda rig. See Bermuda rig n. at Compounds 2b.See also Bermuda sloop n.
ΚΠ
1826 Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. Apr. 378/2 He..puts down the helm of his tail, and bearing up in the wind's eye, beats back, in a style that would astonish a Bermuda schooner.
2008 F. Bethwaite Higher Performance Sailing xxi. 281 The development in the 1960s of the flexible Bermuda mast and dedicated adjustment controls enabled crews to reset the shape of their sails quickly.
b.
Bermuda rig n. a fore-and-aft rig with tall, triangular sails, now commonly used on yachts.Cf. Bermudan rig n. at Bermudan adj. and n. Compounds, Bermudian rig n. at Bermudian n. and adj. Compounds, Marconi n. 2.
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > equipment of vessel > masts, rigging, or sails > [noun] > arrangement of masts sails > types of
Bermudian rig1827
Bermuda rig1829
shoulder of mutton rig1831
Bermudan rig1863
cat-rig1867
square-rig1875
1829 J. Fincham On Masting Ships & Mast Making 31 In Bermuda rig, the height of the nock of the main-sail is commonly the breadth x by 2.2 to 2.4.
1853 R. Kipping Mast-making & Rigging ii. 5 Brig Forward, Common, and Bermuda Rig.
1928 Daily Mail 9 Aug. 19/7 Most sailing men agree that the Bermuda rig is preferable for smaller boats.
2000 C. J. Doane Howard's Handbk. Offshore Cruising (ed. 2) iii. 21 The Bermuda rig permits a taller mast and a mainsail with a long straight luff.
Bermuda-rigged adj. fitted with a Bermuda rig.
ΚΠ
1830 Bell's Life in London 25 Apr. One fine little vessel (the Meteor) will start, Bermuda rigged, which has never yet been tried in any match.
2015 South China Morning Post (Hong Kong) (Nexis) 22 Feb. 5 The three-masted Bermuda-rigged schooner..found room to berth.
Bermuda sloop n. a single-masted, fore-and-aft rigged sailing vessel with tall, triangular sails.
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > vessel propelled by sail > [noun] > with specific rig > fore and aft rigged > Bermudian-rigged
Bermuda sloop1687
Bermudian1840
1687 in State Papers: Colonial N. Amer. & W. Indies (P.R.O.: CO 1/63) f. 92 Hee then and there saw a Bermoodos sloope, (wh the Spanniards, vizt, Two Biskayers shipps & one Barkalongo;) had that Day taken there.
1766 St. James's Chron. 15–18 Mar. Remain the Cruiser and Bermuda Sloops.
1948 Mariner's Mirror 34 53 Plans of the Bermuda sloop Lady Hammond..appear to have been ‘take-off’ plans rather than designs.
2015 A. Johnson Fortune Smiles 228 ‘It's actually a sloop,’ I tell her. ‘A Bermuda sloop, rigged to sail alone.’
C3. Other compounds.
Bermuda high n. Meteorology a semi-permanent area of high atmospheric pressure in the North Atlantic Ocean, which is located near Bermuda in summer and autumn.In winter and spring, this area of high pressure moves east towards the Azores, and it is also known as the Azores high.
ΚΠ
1875 J. H. Tice Elem. Meteorol.: Meteorol. Cycles ii. 104 The course that storms originating in the Gulf of Mexico will take northeastward, toward the Icelandic low barometer, depends upon the position of the Bermuda..permanent high barometer.]
1915 Monthly Weather Rev. 1914 (U.S.) 42 675/1 It clearly follows that the Bermuda ‘high’ and, therefore, the temperature of the eastern United States must depend in part upon the Labrador current.
1959 R. E. Huschke Gloss. Meteorol. 66 Bermuda high, the semi-permanent subtropical high of the North Atlantic Ocean, so named especially when it is located in the western part of the ocean.
2019 Reading (Pa.) Eagle (Nexis) 17 July It's a typical East Coast heat wave with the Bermuda high.
Bermuda shorts n. shorts which end just above the knee; cf. sense 3. [Similar shorts were originally part of the uniform of British forces in tropical climates; they were reportedly adopted into civilian use by American tourists in Bermuda.]
ΘΚΠ
the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > clothing for legs > clothing for legs and lower body > [noun] > trousers > types of > short trousers or shorts > types of
panties1845
lederhosen1937
Bermuda shorts1938
walk shorts1944
Bermudas1954
knickers1954
skort1957
Jamaica shorts1959
baggies1962
cut-off1964
Jamaica1964
sleep-shorts1964
hot pants1970
batty riders1992
1938 Tel.-Herald (Dubuque, Iowa) 7 Dec. 8/6 (caption) Bermuda shorts and shirt, worn with a grey flannel, loose fitting jacket.
1953 R. Chandler Long Good-bye (1954) iii. 17 Loafing around one of the swimming pools in Bermuda shorts.
2002 N. Tosches In Hand of Dante 33 He was sitting there on a lawn chair, wearing Bermuda shorts.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2021; most recently modified version published online December 2021).
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