† scapplen.

Forms: also scaple.

Etymology: Anglicized form of scapula n.

Obsolete.

= scapula n. 1.

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the world > life > the body > structural parts > bone or bones > bony support for limbs > shoulder-girdle > [noun] > shoulder bone

shoulder bladea1300

shoulder-bonec1320

spauld-bonec1400

omoplate?a1425

scapple1578

scapula1578

shield-bonec1600

spade-bone1612

plate-bonea1665

speal-bone1771

blade-bone1845

1578 J. Banister Hist. Man i. f. 1^v (margin) Some great bones haue no manifest hollownes, as the..Scapple bones.

1578 J. Banister Hist. Man i. f. 25^v (margin) The shoulder blades or scaple bones.

1578 J. Banister Hist. Man i. f. 25^v (margin) The vse of y^e cartilage in y^e vniting of the shoulder to the scaple.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1910; most recently modified version published online June 2018).

scapplev.

/ˈskap(ə)l/

Forms: (Middle English ? scorpil), Middle English–1600s scaple, 1700s scappel, 1800s– scapple. See also scabble v., scalp v.³

Etymology: Aphetic < Old French escapeler, eschapeler to dress timber.

transitive. To reduce the faces of (a block of stone; †in 15th cent. also of timber) to a plane surface without working them smooth.

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society > occupation and work > industry > building or constructing > building or constructing with stone > build or construct with stone [verb (transitive)] > dress stone

scapple1443

dress1501

broach1544

scabble1620

scalp1725

bed1793

rough-dress1807

hammer-dress1837

scapple-dress1840

scutch1848

1443 Contract in R. Willis & J. W. Clark Archit. Hist. Univ. Cambr. (1886) I. 386 xvj fote of Seuerant table scapled with poynts.

1479 W. Waynflete in R. Willis & J. W. Clark Archit. Hist. Univ. Cambr. (1886) I. 410 He..shalle dygge and reyse and scaple the best stone yn the same quarrey.

1587 A. Fleming et al. Holinshed's Chron. (new ed.) III. Contin. 1538/1 And there was for this purpose alreadie perfectlie hewed of the same stone seuen thousand foot, and six thousand foot more was scapled.

1665 J. Webb Vindic. Stone-Heng Restored 88 They [many of the upright Stones] were scapled at the Quarries.

1793 J. Smeaton Narr. Edystone Lighthouse (ed. 2) §113 The best way to get our stone rough scappelled, nearly to the shape I required.

1842 Civil Engineer & Architect's Jrnl. 5 320/1 The face stones should be roughly squared on the beds and joints, or what is called in the North ‘scappled’ to the form of the curve.

1845 J. H. Parker Gloss. Terms Archit. (ed. 4) I. 329 Scapple,..the term is now used exclusively (or nearly so) in reference to stone, but was formerly applied to timber also, and must have signified the barking of a tree, or, more probably, squaring it with the axe.

1849 E. Dobson Masonry & Stonecutting 89 The block being roughly scappled to its shape.

1904 A. Griffiths Fifty Years Public Service xxii. 333 His brother, in a Portland Quarry, scappling a block of stone, presents a family likeness.

Derivatives

ˈscappled adj.

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1793 J. Smeaton Narr. Edystone Lighthouse (ed. 2) §107 The stone..had always been shipped off in..what is called rough scappelled blocks; to be sawn and fair wrought to the particular purposes, where wanted.

ˈscappling n. the action of the verb (also attributive); in dialectal use concrete in plural, fragments of stone chipped off in scappling.

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society > occupation and work > industry > building or constructing > building or constructing with stone > [noun] > dressing stone

scappling1473

droving1819

plain work1823

broaching1842

stone-dressing1845

ragging1850

straggling1850

drove work1851

rocking1856

scutching1861

skifflinga1877

1399 in J. Raine Fabric Rolls York Minster (1859) 15 Pro scorpillyng lapidum.]

1473–4 in H. J. F. Swayne Churchwardens' Accts. Sarum (1896) 15 Item in hewinge and scapelynge of j elme viij d.

1890 Archaeol. Jrnl. 47 162 Of the tools it is clear the scappling hammer and small axe were the chief.

scapple-dress v. (transitive) in the same sense.

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