Shudran.

Brit.

/ˈʃʊdrə/,

/ˈʃuːdrə/, U.S.

/ˈʃʊdrə/,

/ˈʃudrə/

Forms: 1600s plural Shudderies, Shudderyes, 1600s, 1800s Soudra, 1700s Tschud(d)irer, Sudder, 1700s–1800s Soodera, Sooder, 1800s S(h)uder, Shudra, Soodra, Çudra, 1700s– Sudra.

Etymology: < Sanskrit śūdra (Hindi shūdr, Urdu sūdr), of doubtful etymology. Compare French Soudra, Portuguese Chudrer.

Anglo-Indian.

A member of the lowest of the four great Hindu castes.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > social class > the common people > low rank or condition > other people of low rank or condition > [noun] > member of any low Hindu caste > member of specific low Hindu caste

Kunbi1598

pariah1613

Shudra1630

Vaishya1665

chuckler1759

bhangi1823

Kori1839

Mahar1855

sweeper1859

Kola1873

Sansi1882

Panchama1893

untouchable1909

Harijan1931

Scheduled Caste1935

Dalit1948

Scheduled Tribe1957

1630 H. Lord Display Two Forraigne Sects xii The third Tribe or Cast, called the Shudderies.

1678 J. Phillips tr. J.-B. Tavernier Indian Trav. iii. iii. 162 in tr. J.-B. Tavernier Six Voy. The fourth Caste is that of the Charados or Soudras.

1717 J. T. Phillips Acct. People Malabar 20 As for the Tschudirers, they have Licence only to read the six Systems.

1794 W. Jones tr. Inst. Hindu Law 265 For a Súdra is ordained a wife of his own class.

1796 E. Hamilton Lett. Hindoo Rajah (1811) I. 115 Any base born sooder.

1796 J. Morse Amer. Universal Geogr. (new ed.) II. 544 The fourth tribe is that of Sudder.

1798 H. Colebrooke in Asiatick Researches 5 63 A Vaisya, unable to subsist by his own duties, may descend to the servile acts of a Súdra.

1858 H. Beveridge Comprehensive Hist. India II. iv. i. 13 The modern Sudra is no longer a slave.

1910 Encycl. Brit. XIII. 503/1 Whilst the Arya was thus a dvi-ja, or twice-born, the Sudra remained unregenerate during his lifetime.

attributive.1794 W. Jones tr. Inst. Hindu Law 243 A Bráhmen may seize without hesitation..the goods of his Súdra slave.1828 Asiatic Costumes 60 Hindoos of the soodra caste.a1832 Encycl. Metrop. (1845) XX. 677/2 Nanda, the son of a Súdra mother.1876 Encycl. Brit. V. 190/2 After Buddha, Sudra dynasties ruled in many parts of India.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1914; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	shudra
释义	Shudran. Brit. /ˈʃʊdrə/, /ˈʃuːdrə/, U.S. /ˈʃʊdrə/, /ˈʃudrə/ Forms: 1600s plural Shudderies, Shudderyes, 1600s, 1800s Soudra, 1700s Tschud(d)irer, Sudder, 1700s–1800s Soodera, Sooder, 1800s S(h)uder, Shudra, Soodra, Çudra, 1700s– Sudra. Etymology: < Sanskrit śūdra (Hindi shūdr, Urdu sūdr), of doubtful etymology. Compare French Soudra, Portuguese Chudrer. Anglo-Indian. A member of the lowest of the four great Hindu castes. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > social class > the common people > low rank or condition > other people of low rank or condition > [noun] > member of any low Hindu caste > member of specific low Hindu caste Kunbi1598 pariah1613 Shudra1630 Vaishya1665 chuckler1759 bhangi1823 Kori1839 Mahar1855 sweeper1859 Kola1873 Sansi1882 Panchama1893 untouchable1909 Harijan1931 Scheduled Caste1935 Dalit1948 Scheduled Tribe1957 1630 H. Lord Display Two Forraigne Sects xii The third Tribe or Cast, called the Shudderies. 1678 J. Phillips tr. J.-B. Tavernier Indian Trav. iii. iii. 162 in tr. J.-B. Tavernier Six Voy. The fourth Caste is that of the Charados or Soudras. 1717 J. T. Phillips Acct. People Malabar 20 As for the Tschudirers, they have Licence only to read the six Systems. 1794 W. Jones tr. Inst. Hindu Law 265 For a Súdra is ordained a wife of his own class. 1796 E. Hamilton Lett. Hindoo Rajah (1811) I. 115 Any base born sooder. 1796 J. Morse Amer. Universal Geogr. (new ed.) II. 544 The fourth tribe is that of Sudder. 1798 H. Colebrooke in Asiatick Researches 5 63 A Vaisya, unable to subsist by his own duties, may descend to the servile acts of a Súdra. 1858 H. Beveridge Comprehensive Hist. India II. iv. i. 13 The modern Sudra is no longer a slave. 1910 Encycl. Brit. XIII. 503/1 Whilst the Arya was thus a dvi-ja, or twice-born, the Sudra remained unregenerate during his lifetime. attributive.1794 W. Jones tr. Inst. Hindu Law 243 A Bráhmen may seize without hesitation..the goods of his Súdra slave.1828 Asiatic Costumes 60 Hindoos of the soodra caste.a1832 Encycl. Metrop. (1845) XX. 677/2 Nanda, the son of a Súdra mother.1876 Encycl. Brit. V. 190/2 After Buddha, Sudra dynasties ruled in many parts of India. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1914; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1630
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