surfactantn.

Brit.

/səːˈfakt(ə)nt/, U.S.

/sərˈfækt(ə)nt/

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: surface-active adj. at surface n. Compounds 3, -ant suffix¹.

Etymology: < surf- + -act- (both in surface-active adj. at surface n. Compounds 3) + -ant suffix¹.

1. A substance that reduces or otherwise affects the surface tension of water or other liquid; a surface-active agent.Surfactants are used in many industrial and commercial products, such as detergents, paints, and cosmetics.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > chemistry > physical chemistry > liquid phase > [noun] > surface tension > a substance affecting

surface activity1948

surfactant1950

the world > matter > chemistry > physical chemistry > liquid phase > [noun] > surface tension > surfactant

spreader1918

surfactant1950

1950 Amer. Dyestuff Reporter 39 379/3 A new word, Surfactants, has been coined by Antara Products, General Aniline & Film Corporation, and has been presented to the chemical industry to cover all materials that have surface activity, including wetting agents, dispersants, emulsifiers, detergents and foaming agents.

1959 Times 7 Dec. (Agric. Suppl.) p. vii/1 Since the war, various growth supplements have been recommended, including arsenic acid supplements, surfactants..hormones and antibiotics.

1968 Gloss. Formwork Terms (B.S.I.) 25 Surfactants are used in mould oils to reduce the occurrence of blowholes in the concrete face.

1979 Enhanced Oil Recovery (Shell Internat. Petroleum Co.) 5 Injection of water containing surfactants (soap-like chemicals) into the reservoir can lower the oil/water interfacial tension very substantially..and therefore mobilize the oil held by capillary forces.

1989 Which? Sept. 431/2 It may be that ‘green’ products biodegrade more quickly and thoroughly, since they tend to use surfactants based on vegetable oils rather than petro-chemicals.

2006 J. T. Costa Other Insect Societies xvi. 511 This is akin to the use of surfactants by the staphylinid beetle Stenus to move over the water surface.

2. Physiology. More fully pulmonary surfactant. A mixture of surface-active agents (mainly lipoproteins) coating the alveoli of the lungs, which reduce alveolar surface tension and contribute to the elasticity of the lungs.Reduced or absent pulmonary surfactant is a cause of respiratory distress syndrome of the newborn (hyaline membrane disease).

ΚΠ

1964 Jrnl. Pediatrics 65 119/1 With increasing use of 100 per cent oxygen therapy..the role of pulmonary surfactant in the pathogenesis of oxygen intoxication..requires clarification.

1987 Nursing Jan. 480/1 Without surfactant, the alveoli collapse at the end of expiration, leading to impaired exchange of gases.

1992 C. A. Smith & E. J. Wood Biosynthesis viii. 172 Respiratory distress syndrome is a developmental disorder when the lungs do not produce sufficient pulmonary surfactant to allow normal respiration following birth.

2006 U.S. News & World Rep. 2 Oct. 76/2 He was unable to breathe because his immature lungs could not yet produce the substance surfactant, which keeps the lung's air sacs open.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2012; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	surfactant
释义	surfactantn. Brit. /səːˈfakt(ə)nt/, U.S. /sərˈfækt(ə)nt/ Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: surface-active adj. at surface n. Compounds 3, -ant suffix¹. Etymology: < surf- + -act- (both in surface-active adj. at surface n. Compounds 3) + -ant suffix¹. 1. A substance that reduces or otherwise affects the surface tension of water or other liquid; a surface-active agent.Surfactants are used in many industrial and commercial products, such as detergents, paints, and cosmetics. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > chemistry > physical chemistry > liquid phase > [noun] > surface tension > a substance affecting surface activity1948 surfactant1950 the world > matter > chemistry > physical chemistry > liquid phase > [noun] > surface tension > surfactant spreader1918 surfactant1950 1950 Amer. Dyestuff Reporter 39 379/3 A new word, Surfactants, has been coined by Antara Products, General Aniline & Film Corporation, and has been presented to the chemical industry to cover all materials that have surface activity, including wetting agents, dispersants, emulsifiers, detergents and foaming agents. 1959 Times 7 Dec. (Agric. Suppl.) p. vii/1 Since the war, various growth supplements have been recommended, including arsenic acid supplements, surfactants..hormones and antibiotics. 1968 Gloss. Formwork Terms (B.S.I.) 25 Surfactants are used in mould oils to reduce the occurrence of blowholes in the concrete face. 1979 Enhanced Oil Recovery (Shell Internat. Petroleum Co.) 5 Injection of water containing surfactants (soap-like chemicals) into the reservoir can lower the oil/water interfacial tension very substantially..and therefore mobilize the oil held by capillary forces. 1989 Which? Sept. 431/2 It may be that ‘green’ products biodegrade more quickly and thoroughly, since they tend to use surfactants based on vegetable oils rather than petro-chemicals. 2006 J. T. Costa Other Insect Societies xvi. 511 This is akin to the use of surfactants by the staphylinid beetle Stenus to move over the water surface. 2. Physiology. More fully pulmonary surfactant. A mixture of surface-active agents (mainly lipoproteins) coating the alveoli of the lungs, which reduce alveolar surface tension and contribute to the elasticity of the lungs.Reduced or absent pulmonary surfactant is a cause of respiratory distress syndrome of the newborn (hyaline membrane disease). ΚΠ 1964 Jrnl. Pediatrics 65 119/1 With increasing use of 100 per cent oxygen therapy..the role of pulmonary surfactant in the pathogenesis of oxygen intoxication..requires clarification. 1987 Nursing Jan. 480/1 Without surfactant, the alveoli collapse at the end of expiration, leading to impaired exchange of gases. 1992 C. A. Smith & E. J. Wood Biosynthesis viii. 172 Respiratory distress syndrome is a developmental disorder when the lungs do not produce sufficient pulmonary surfactant to allow normal respiration following birth. 2006 U.S. News & World Rep. 2 Oct. 76/2 He was unable to breathe because his immature lungs could not yet produce the substance surfactant, which keeps the lung's air sacs open. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2012; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1950
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