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单词 municipality
释义

municipalityn.

Brit. /mjᵿˌnɪsᵻˈpalᵻti/, /ˌmjuːnᵻsᵻˈpalᵻti/, U.S. /mjuˌnɪsəˈpælədi/, /mjəˌnɪsəˈpælədi/
Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French municipalité.
Etymology: < French municipalité (1758 in sense 2; 1791 in sense 1) < municipal municipal adj. + -ité -ity suffix. Compare Italian municipalità (1789), Spanish municipalidad (1826).
1. A town, city, or district having local self-government; the community of such a town, etc.
ΘΚΠ
society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabitant > inhabitant according to environment > town- or city-dweller > [noun] > collectively
borough-folkc1200
borough-werenc1275
burgh-werec1275
cityc1300
town folkc1325
towna1382
commonity1456
nation1523
portery1565
town1582
townspeople1587
civility1598
municipality1790
citizenry1795
citizenhood1851
burgherage1858
burgherdom1884
burgherhood1885
society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > district in relation to human occupation > town as opposed to country > town > [noun] > borough
burrows-townc1175
mayor-town1375
boroughc1380
borough-town1382
burghc1425
corporate town1478
royal burgh1591
county borough1708
municipality1790
Royal Borough1805
county1888
1790 E. Burke Refl. Revol. in France 180 The municipalities had taken an alarm. View more context for this quotation
1792 A. Young Travels I. ii. xxii. 559 The assembly divided the total among the departments; the departments..among the districts; the districts among the municipalities; and the municipalities assemblied [sic] for the assessment of individuals.
1841 G. C. Lewis On Govt. of Dependencies 71 (note) A body of public functionaries may preside for certain purposes over a district (as a county, department, municipality, or borough).
1865 A. Maffei Brigand Life II. 47 In the municipality of Bisaccia..the only boys' school was a miserable place which hardly deserved the name.
1883 Cent. Mag. June 222/1 The city boundaries had been extended to take in both these faubourgs; and the three ‘municipalities’, as they were called, together numbered one hundred and two thousand inhabitants.
1912 J. Sandilands Western Canad. Dict. & Phrase-bk. (at cited word) Generally, however, by a municipality an incorporated rural municipality is referred to.
1949 Times-Picayune (New Orleans) 6 Mar. 18/4 There were heard the shouts of municipality boatmen, offering free but limited transportation.
2000 Guardian (Dar es Salaam) 27 Mar. 16/1 The Farm is situated about 60 kilometres North-East of Tanga Municipality.
2. The governing body of a town, city, or district having local self-government.
ΘΚΠ
society > authority > rule or government > ruler or governor > deliberative, legislative, or administrative assembly > local government body > [noun] > town or borough council
corporation1463
Common Council1467
consulatea1513
state1516
town council1637
commonality1649
regency1704
communa1711
municipality1790
municipal corporation1833
commune1837
borough council1879
municipy1882
1790 Pennsylvania Gaz. 10 Feb. 2/1 The National Assembly..have lately made two or three fundamental strokes towards liberty and freedom of conscience: The Municipalities of the different provinces are now modelling.
1792 Ld. Grenville Let. 7 Nov. in Duke of Buckingham Mem. Court & Cabinets George III (1853) II. 222 The trees..will make a great figure on my hill in the course of a century or so, provided always that the municipality of Burnham does not cut them down sooner.
1800 Duke of Wellington Dispatches (1834) I. 262 They might for a time be under the inspection of the municipality (to use a French phrase).
1836 A. Alison Hist. Europe from French Revol. V. xlii. 627 To the great disappointment of the municipality and people.
1889 Publ. Amer. Econ. Assoc. 4 22 Mr John Burns..was lately returned at the head of the poll for the London County Council (the new municipality of the metropolis).
1942 G. M. Trevelyan Eng. Social Hist. xviii. 573 The great municipalities went into business to supply lighting, trams and other services to the ratepayers.
1981 E. Jolley Newspaper Claremont St. (1987) viii. 59 The municipality, in an endeavour to beautify the local beaches, had planted Norfolk pines.
1994 H. Holland Born in Soweto 8 The numerous beer-halls provided by Soweto's white-run municipality.
3. Roman History. = municipium n.
ΘΚΠ
society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > district in relation to human occupation > town as opposed to country > city > [noun] > city with Roman privileges
municipy1579
municipium1706
municipality1795
1795 A. Murphy Sallust 187 If by your authority you oblige the municipalities to receive the prisoners.
1872 E. W. Robertson Hist. Ess. 237 The Municipality, from uniting the advantages of self-government with the privileges of citizenship, became the most favoured form of colony.
1910 Encycl. Brit. I. 471/1 Alaric was met by Stilicho at Pollentia (a Roman municipality in what is now Piedmont).
1942 Jrnl. Econ. Hist. 2 149 For the employer, whether he be a burgess of moderate means at Rome or in an Italian municipality..dependence upon enslaved..persons offered advantages over the use of free men.
1977 Speculum 52 343 Monza..was not a Roman municipality and did not become the seat of a bishop.
4. Government on municipal principles; prevalence of municipal institutions. Obsolete. rare.
ΘΚΠ
society > authority > rule or government > a or the system of government > centralized or regionalized systems > [noun] > municipal government
municipalism1851
municipality1856
municipalization1884
City Hall1910
1856 Jrnl. Soc. Arts 21 Nov. 9/1 Municipality may induce much folly, much roguery.
1883 E. A. Freeman in Brit. Q. Rev. July 130 Here [i.e. in Italy] was municipality on its grandest scale.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2003; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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n.1790
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