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单词 cd
释义

CDn.1

Brit. /ˌsiːˈdiː/, U.S. /ˌsiˈdi/
Origin: Formed within English, as an initialism. Etymon: compact disc (also disk) at compact adj.1 3d.
Etymology: Initialism < compact disc (also disk) at compact adj.1 3d.
= compact disc at compact adj.1 3d. Frequently attributive.
ΘΚΠ
society > communication > record > recording or reproducing sound or visual material > [noun] > disc
record1878
audio disc1944
CD1979
compact disc (also disk)1979
laser disc1980
CD-ROM1983
CD-i2009
society > communication > record > recording or reproducing sound or visual material > [adjective] > disk
CD1979
CD-i1986
society > leisure > the arts > music > musical instrument > other musical instruments > [noun] > electronic > recorded sound
high fidelity1938
air shot1940
demo1954
audiotape1959
demo tape1963
Cassingle1978
CD1979
1979 New Scientist 22 Mar. 948/1 Although the Compact Disc (CD) system indubitably works as claimed and could offer an attractive alternative to today's grooved records..CD is sure to receive far hotter competition from Japan than the compact cassette.
1986 N.Y. Mag. 10 Feb. 12/3 There are several..ways to add the luxury of C.D. sound to a car.
1988 St. Petersberg (Florida) Times (Nexis) 5 Oct. 2d The collection will include the 15 Beatles albums put out on CD.
1996 R. Doyle Woman who walked into Doors xviii. 93 They've a great collection of CDs, all the seventies stuff.
2005 Plenty Mar. 14/2 Instead of recycling CDs to make coasters..ecotechies may soon be able simply to bury their unwanted discs in the ground.
2007 N.Y. Times (National ed.) 25 Jan. b1/2 A six-CD boxed set that documents the roots of virtually every important style of modern Brazilian popular music.

Compounds

C1.
CD drive n.
ΚΠ
1985 San Diego Union 13 Jan. i. 9/2 Sony's new digital-based compact CD drives and Panasonic's full-sized Camcorder..were two other hits of the show.
1998 D. A. Karp Windows 98 Annoyances vi. 249 You'll need to first install the drivers that came with your CD drive.
2008 N.Y. Times (National ed.) 19 June c7/5 With a Live CD, the computer boots from the CD drive instead of its own hard drive.
CD player n.
ΚΠ
1979 Pop. Sci. Oct. 111/3 CD players gradually change speed as they play a disc.
1996 C. Higson Getting Rid of Mr Kitchen vi. 74 He turned off the telly and started his CD player with another remote.
2007 N.Y. Times (National ed.) 25 Feb. ii. 13/4 I load up my CD player in my car with the loudest rock music I have.
C2.
CD burner n. a device by means of which audio recordings or other data can be written to a recordable compact disc; (Computing) a CD drive having such capability; cf. burn v.1 Additions.
ΚΠ
1990 REP Sept. 28/2 The system consists of a Yamaha write-once CD burner and an IBM PC.
2000 Independent 31 Jan. ii. 8/1 Two CD burners and two speaker systems with subwoofers were tucked about as skilfully into the cabinetry as one could want.
2009 J. D. Biersdorfer Netbooks: Missing Man. xii. 295 Since your netbook probably doesn't have a CD burner, it's best to do this..on a more fully equipped computer.
CD burning n. the process or practice of burning a CD or CDs (cf. burn v.1 Additions); (also) a facility for doing this; frequently attributive.
ΚΠ
1994 San Francisco Attorney Oct. 51 (advt.) Automated litigation support services... Document imaging... Optical character recognition (OCR). CD burning/duplication.
2003 Personal Computer World Aug. 197/2 It has a number of de-noiser algorithms for removing scratches and hiss, as well as built-in CD burning.
2010 R. Grant & P. Bull Ubuntu for Non-geeks (ed. 4) 410 Pop a blank CD into the drive, and click the Next button. The CD-burning process should begin.
CD changer n. a CD player capable of holding several CDs, which is able to switch between them for playback.
ΚΠ
1984 Daily Intelligencer (Doylestown, Pa.) 9 Jan. b12 (advt.) JVC remote controlled 7-disc CD changer.
1998 What Hi-Fi? May 175/5 list The CD changer holds a wacking 51 discs.
2009 D. Nicholls One Day (2010) 118 Concealed in the boot is a CD changer, a futuristic miracle of tiny springs and matt black plastic and he chooses five CDs..and slides the shiny disks into the box.
CD-i n. (also CDI, CD-I) now chiefly historical compact disc interactive, a system by means of which interactive multimedia content can be stored on compact disc.
ΘΚΠ
society > communication > record > recording or reproducing sound or visual material > [adjective] > disk
CD1979
CD-i1986
society > communication > record > recording or reproducing sound or visual material > [noun] > disc
record1878
audio disc1944
CD1979
compact disc (also disk)1979
laser disc1980
CD-ROM1983
CD-i2009
1986 Jiji Press Ticker Service (Nexis) 24 Feb. The format, called ‘CD interactive media (CD-I)’, is intended for home and educational use.
1994 Rolling Stone 16 June 85/1 The CD-i library is broad and eclectic—games for adults and kids, music video and, most recently, movies.
2009 K. S. Burns Celeb 2.0 vi. 80 CD-i refers to Compact Disc Interactive, which is an interactive multimedia CD player that attempted to gain market share in the games industry.
CD-quality adj. (of recorded sound) of equal or comparable quality to sound stored on a compact disc.
ΚΠ
1985 Digital Audio Apr. 15/3 The new videodiscs with CD-quality audio.
1997 Esquire July 94/3 Each disk can hold a gigabyte—the equivalent of eight hours of CD-quality sound or a two-hour movie.
2010 M. L. Chambers iMac for Dummies (ed. 6) xi. 144 A typical CD-quality, three-minute pop song in MP3 format has a size of 3–5MB.
CD-R n. Computing CD-recordable, a recordable compact disc which can be written to only once; (also) this format of compact disc.
ΘΚΠ
society > computing and information technology > data > [noun] > format
format1955
SGML1983
Standard Generalized Markup Language1983
Rich Text Format1986
RTF1986
CD-R1988
rich text1988
Hypertext Markup Language1992
PDF1992
HTML1993
dynamic HTML1995
Extensible Markup Language1996
XML1996
MathML1997
1988 Asahi News Service (Nexis) 27 Sept. It plans to sell the CD-R to professional users such as small music publishers and recording studios beginning in February 1989.
1995 InfoWorld 13 Nov. 156/2 CD-R is becoming an effective and affordable way of archiving corporate data.
2007 CMJ New Music Monthly Dec. 14/1 Playing campus house parties on the strength of a CD-R and a four-song EP.
CD-ROM n. Computing a compact disc on which data is stored and which is used as read-only memory, frequently used for interactive multimedia content; (also) this format of compact disc.
ΘΚΠ
society > communication > record > recording or reproducing sound or visual material > [noun] > disc
record1878
audio disc1944
CD1979
compact disc (also disk)1979
laser disc1980
CD-ROM1983
CD-i2009
1983 Electronics 20 Oct. 102/2 The CD ROM, which is expected to hit the market next year, can hold 525 megabytes of formatted data.
1994 Denver Post 17 Jan. b8/4 Through the miracle of CD-ROM, fans will soon be able to visit ‘Virtual Graceland’.
2009 Daily Mail (Nexis) 3 Feb. The charity has produced booklets and a CD-ROM to help doctors diagnose and treat bacterial meningitis and septicaemia earlier.
CD-RW n. Computing CD-rewritable, a recordable compact disc which can be written to repeatedly and which is erasable; (also) this format of compact disc.
ΚΠ
1995 Macworld Oct. 36/2 CD-Rewritable (CD-RW), an erasable CD format, won't be available for about two more years, and even then erasable CDs will experience compatibility problems with standard CD-ROM drives.
2001 Kiplinger's Personal Finance June 110/1 A CD-RW drive, which allows you to copy music and computer files to a compact disc.
2007 Vibe Oct. 68 Denon's top-of-the-line five-disc changer.., playing back CDs, CD-Rs, and CD-RWs.
CD single n. a CD with a small number of songs or short pieces of music on it, in the manner of a single (single n. 3p); (also) this as a format.
ΚΠ
1983 Gramophone May 1308/3 Talk of CD ‘singles’ seems a little premature.
1986 Billboard 22 Feb. 1/2 (heading) CD ‘Single’ From Telarc.
1994 C. Heylin Bootleg (1996) xvii. 310 Issued as a full-length CD with bonus CD-single.
2010 Wales on Sunday (Nexis) 7 Feb. 40 The song will be available for download from today and on CD single tomorrow.
CD-video n. now disused a system of simultaneously reproducing sound and video pictures from a compact disc (cf. DVD-video n. at DVD n. Compounds 3); an instance of this, a CD with video pictures.
ΚΠ
1986 Billboard 22 Mar. 82/4 [He] went on to examine the potential competition between CD video and 8mm videotape.
1994 H. Katayama & K. Ohta in A. Kent & J. G. Williams Encycl. Microcomputers XIII. 3 The huge success of CDs in the consumer market prompted many variations such as..CD-Interactive (CD-I), and CD-Video (CD-V).
2001 All Mus. Guide to Rock (ed. 3) 135/1 The initial pressings of Sound + Vision included a bonus disc which contained a CD-video of ‘Ashes to Ashes’... It was replaced in 1995 with a CD-ROM of the same material.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2012; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

CDn.2

Brit. /ˌsiːˈdiː/, U.S. /ˌsiˈdi/
Origin: Formed within English, as an initialism. Etymon: English cluster of differentiation.
Etymology: Initialism < cluster of differentiation (see quot. 19841 at main sense).
Immunology and Medicine.
Any group of cell-surface antigens (mainly of lymphocytes and other leucocytes) forming part of a system of classification of such antigens based on patterns of reactivity to panels of monoclonal antibodies. Usually attributive.Individual CD groups are identified by Arabic numerals. The pattern of CD groups borne by a cell is often an indication of its lineage, function, stage of differentiation, and state of activation.
ΚΠ
1984 Bull. World Health Org. 62 809/2 These final clusters were termed clusters of differentiation (CD) following the general recommendations..adopted by the Nomenclature Subcommittee.
1984 Proc. National Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 81 4912/2 Medullary cells lack CD1 molecules but are characterized by their high densities of both CD3 and CD5 molecules.
1987 Leukemia 1 231 (title) An up-to-date overview of the CD nomenclature.
1998 Jrnl. Cell Biol. 143 2075/2 Identification of the CD antigen as L1 is based on the following data.
2008 New Scientist 25 Oct. 33 Rituximab attaches to a protein on the surface of the immune system's B-cells called CD20.

Compounds

CD4 n. a cell-surface protein structurally related to the immunoglobulins, which is associated esp. with helper T lymphocytes, and is the main cellular receptor for the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV); chiefly attributive.
ΚΠ
1984 Proc. National Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 81 4912/2 Cortical cells are characterized by the presence of CD1 molecules and the coexpression of CD4 and CD8 molecules.
1993 Albuquerque (New Mexico) Jrnl. 11 Feb. a14/1 Chief among those signs was strikingly low levels of helper cells, also known as CD4 cells, which orchestrate the body's defenses against infections.
2005 Sunday Times (Johannesburg) 13 Feb. (Business section) 15/1 The CD4 test measures the immune system's strength in a person diagnosed with HIV.
This is a new entry (OED Third Edition, March 2012; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

> as lemmas

C.D.
C.D. n. corps diplomatique.
Π
1942 E. Partridge Dict. Abbrev. 23/1 CD, Corps Diplomatique..On, e.g., motor-cars and letters.
1955 G. Greene Quiet Amer. ii. ii. 104 Along the route to Tanyin flowed a fast stream of staff and C.D. cars.
1961 Guardian 4 May 2/5 Lord Lansdowne..said in the Lords..that the ‘CD’ plate did not..afford the occupant of a car any privilege or immunity.
extracted from Cn.
Cd
Cd n. cadmium.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > chemistry > elements and compounds > metals > specific elements > cadmium > [noun]
cadmium1822
Cd1833
1833 E. Turner Elements of Chem. (ed. 4) ii. 519 Cadmium..oxide..is regarded as a compound of one equivalent of each element... Its formula is Cd + O.
1982 Nature 15 July 260/2 Certain benthic foraminifera..show a consistent relationship between the Cd/Ca of the bottom water and of their calcite shells.
extracted from Cn.
cd
cd n. Physics candela.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > light > illumination > [noun] > unit of illumination > candela
new candle1938
candela1950
cd1950
the world > matter > physics > electromagnetic radiation > light > intensity of light, luminosity > [noun] > unit of light intensity
lux1889
lumen1898
L1915
Lambert1915
phot1917
new candle1938
candela1950
cd1950
rayleigh1956
1950 Commission Internat. de l'Éclairage, 1948 14 It is recommended that the new unit for luminous intensity (which is such that the luminance or photometric brightness of a black body at the temperature of freezing platinum equals 60 units of intensity per square centimetre) shall be called in all countries by the Latin name ‘candela’, with the symbol ‘cd’.
1984 D. C. Giancoli Gen. Physics xxxvi. 704 We define the luminous intensity..as the luminous flux per unit solid angle (steradian). Its unit is the candela (cd) where 1 cd = 1 lm/sr.
extracted from Cn.
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n.11979n.21984
as lemmas
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